Efficacy of Kegan Liyan oral liquid vs. Lianhuaqingwen capsules for patients with mild COVID-19: a double-blinded, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine has been used for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a therapeutic option. Lianhuaqingwen capsules (LHQW) are well-recognized for their efficacy, while Kegan Liyan oral liquid (KGLY), widely used for influenza treatment, has emerged as a promising candidate for COVID-19 therapy. This trial aims to assess whether KGLY is non-inferior to LHQW in treating mild COVID-19.

mutations in with negative MPT64 antigen assay results from a tertiary hospital in Southeastern China.

Background: MPT64 protein is an effective marker for detecting (MTB) in liquid culture and clinical tissue samples. However, some MTB clinical isolates test negative for this antigen because of varied mutation types across different regions.

Methods: DNA samples of MPT64 antigen assay-negative MTB strains were collected from a tertiary hospital from January 2016 to January 2024, and gene mutations were detected by sequencing.

Superselective superior rectal artery embolization in the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease.

Hemorrhoids are a prevalent and benign anal disorder for which minimally invasive treatments are increasingly preferred. The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence clinical guideline (2010) recommends hemorrhoidal artery ligation as a treatment option for hemorrhoidal disease. Superior rectal artery embolization (SRAE) leverages this principle by using digital subtraction angiography to precisely identify and superselectively embolize the arteries supplying the hemorrhoidal region.

Post-stroke dysphagia: identifying the evidence missing.

Dysphagia is a high-profile dysfunction that often occurs after a stroke, with a prevalence of 50%-80%. Post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) often leads to serious complications such as pneumonia and malnutrition, reducing the quality of life and leading to poor prognosis or even death. PSD causes these adverse physical and psychological impairments to patients, which becomes a challenge for both patients and physicians.

The impact of chronic diseases and lifestyle on sarcopenia risk in older adults: a population-based longitudinal study.

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by the gradual decline of muscle mass and strength, seriously affects the health and mobility of older adults. The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors for sarcopenia, particularly the relationship between chronic diseases and lifestyle factors in individuals aged 60 and over.

Methods: This study used data from the Longitudinal Study on Health and Retirement in China (CHARLS) collected in 2011 and 2015.

Assessment of chest CT abnormalities and pulmonary function at 6-month and 1-year after hospital discharge in Chinese patients of COVID-19 pneumonia at the turn of 2022-2023.

Objective: This study aimed to assess chest CT abnormalities and pulmonary function at 6-month and 1-year follow-ups in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia patients of the China epidemic in the turn of 2022-2023.

Methods: A total of 156 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted between 29 November 2022 and 10 February 2023 were prospectively assessed at 6-month and 1-year follow-ups. Characteristics and CT scores of pulmonary abnormalities and pulmonary function were compared between different follow-up time points.

Prognostic value of c-MET in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a study based on the mRNA expression in TCGA database and a meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to assess the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor's (c-MET) prognostic value in oesophageal carcinoma (ESCA) through a meta-analysis and bioinformatics.

Methods: We analysed c-MET expression in ESCA tissues using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate its association with clinicopathological factors and survival outcomes. The meta-analysis included studies reporting hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) for survival and metastatic outcomes.

Citrate as a safe and effective alternative to heparin for catheter locking: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Consensus on the use of citrate vs.heparin for catheter locking remains elusive, with ongoing controversy. This meta-analysis investigates the efficacy and safety of citrate lock solutions compared to heparin lock solutions in preventing catheter-related complications.

Efficacy of YL-1 hematoma crushing needle combined with hematoma drainage in intracerebral hemorrhage treatment.

Objective: Early craniotomy evacuation in hematoma surgery does not significantly improve the prognosis of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The YL-1 hematoma crushing puncture needle, specifically designed for ICH evacuation, has an uncertain therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate its clinical effectiveness.

Choroidal metastases from thoracic cancer: a retrospective study on clinical characteristics and treatment efficacy.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics of choroidal metastases (CMs) and assess the efficacy of various treatment strategies for CMs in a specific patient cohort.

Methods: This retrospective case series study included 32 patients (38 eyes) diagnosed with CM at the Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, between 2009 and 2022. The cohort included 10 male patients (10 eyes) and 22 female patients (28 eyes), with a mean age of 52.

Efficacy and safety of therapeutic exercise for primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: A growing number of research papers have looked at the influence of exercise on pain severity in people with primary dysmenorrhea, but the findings have been inconsistent. The purpose of this research was to thoroughly evaluate the impact of exercise on pain severity in individuals with primary dysmenorrhea and to find the best exercise regimen for these patients.

Methods: All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise for patients with primary dysmenorrhea were searched in the Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, EBSCO, and CINAHL databases.

Chemometric Model for Rapid Determination of Syringyl/Guaiacyl Ratio in Non-Wood by FT-NIR Spectroscopic Data.

The present study is to develop a cost-effective, non-destructive and rapid method for quantification of syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio content in non-wood lignin, which is based on FT-NIR spectroscopic data and chemometric modelling techniques. The S/G ratio in 22 non-wood lignins was determined by wet chemical method. Then the same samples were run with FT-NIR, and the spectroscopic data were pre-processed with Savitzky-Golay (S-G) on their 1st and 2nd derivatives.

β-sitosterol in Yijing Hugui decoction prevents cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian insufficiency via the AKT1/Nrf2 pathway.

Unlabelled: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a condition marked by premature depletion of ovarian function, affecting a significant portion of women. The objective of this study is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of Yijing Hugui decoction (YJHGD) in the treatment of POI and to elucidate its pharmacological mechanisms. In this study, network pharmacology was used to identify key bioactive compounds in YJHGD, and the components were characterized using LC-MS.

Proanthocyanidin B2 alleviates LPS-induced RAW264.7 cellular inflammation and oxidative stress via PI3K/Akt/NFkB pathway.

Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory infectious disease associated with systemic diseases. Proanthocyanidin B2 (PB2), a polyphenol, has been investigated to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer pharmacological properties. PB2 has shown good efficacy in treating hepatocellular carcinoma, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and ulcerative colitis.

Foundation models in bioinformatics.

With the adoption of foundation models (FMs), artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly significant in bioinformatics and has successfully addressed many historical challenges, such as pre-training frameworks, model evaluation and interpretability. FMs demonstrate notable proficiency in managing large-scale, unlabeled datasets, because experimental procedures are costly and labor intensive. In various downstream tasks, FMs have consistently achieved noteworthy results, demonstrating high levels of accuracy in representing biological entities.

Impact of different doses of cold water immersion (duration and temperature variations) on recovery from acute exercise-induced muscle damage: a network meta-analysis.

Objective: This network meta-analysis and systematic review evaluated the recovery impacts of varying cold water immersion (CWI) protocols on acute exercise-induced muscle damage.

Methods: We searched CNKI, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase from January 2000 to September 2024 for randomized controlled trials examining CWI's recovery effects on acute muscle damage. Data extraction, study screening, and risk of bias assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers.

Changes in shooting accuracy among basketball players under fatigue: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the influence of physical and mental fatigue of different intensities (mild, moderate or severe) on basketball shooting accuracy, with the aim of informing more effective training protocols and competition strategies.

Methods: Literature searches were conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCO databases up to 25 June 2024. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were specified, and data extraction sheets were prepared.

Gut microbiota therapy in gastrointestinal diseases.

The human gut microbiota, consisting of trillions of microorganisms, plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal (GI) health and disease. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in microbial composition, has been linked to a range of GI disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, and colorectal cancer. These conditions are influenced by the interactions between the gut microbiota, the host immune system, and the gut-brain axis.

Harnessing exercise to combat chronic diseases: the role of Drp1-Mediated mitochondrial fission.

Enhanced Drp1 activity mediates excessive mitochondrial fission, contributing to the onset and progression of various chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders. Studies indicate that exercise mitigates mitochondrial dysfunction by modulating Drp1-related signaling targets, thereby inhibiting Drp1 activity and reducing excessive mitochondrial fission. This, in turn, enhances mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism.

Inhibition of Putative Ibrutinib Targets Promotes Atrial Fibrillation, Conduction Blocks, and Proarrhythmic Electrocardiogram Indices: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background: The mechanism by which ibrutinib, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, can elevate the risk of arrhythmias is not fully elucidated. In this study, we explored how inhibition of off-target kinases can contribute to this phenomenon.

Methods: We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis to examine the causal associations between genetically proxied inhibition of six putative ibrutinib drug targets (ErbB2/HER2, CSK, JAK3, TEC, BLK, and PLCG2) and the atrial fibrillation (AF) risk, proarrhythmic ECG indices, and cardiometabolic traits and diseases.

Computed Tomography-Based Habitat Analysis for Prognostic Stratification in Colorectal Liver Metastases.

Background: Colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) has a poor prognosis, and traditional prognostic models have certain limitations in clinical application. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of CT-based habitat analysis in CRLM patients and compare it with existing traditional prognostic models to provide more evidence for individualized treatment of CRLM patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included 197 patients with CRLM whose preoperative contrast-enhanced CT images and corresponding DICOM Segmentation Objects (DSOs) were obtained from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA).

Magnetic Shaftless Propeller Millirobot with Multimodal Motion for Small-Scale Fluidic Manipulation.

Magnetic miniature robots have shown great potential in biomedical applications in recent years. However, a challenge remains in which it is difficult for magnetic miniature robots to achieve balanced capabilities for multimodal locomotion and fluidic manipulation in various environments. Here, we report a magnetic shaftless propeller-like millirobot (MSPM) that possesses the capabilities of rotating-based multimodal 3-dimensional motion and cargo transportation with untethered manipulation.

Evolution of the Mitogenome: Insights Into the Mitogenomic Evolution of the Orders Siphonaptera and the Phthiraptera.

The evidence that parasitic animals exhibit elevated mitogenomic evolution rates is inconsistent and limited to Arthropoda. Li, Bai et Chen, 1986 (Siphonaptera: Ctenophthalmidae) feeds on the host's blood and is an important medical insect with plague transmission. In this study, we sequenced the mitogenome and explored the mitogenomic evolution of Siphonaptera and Phthiraptera, which both belong to the Insecta on warm-blooded animals.