Interface Engineering and Modulation of Nickel Oxide for High Air-Stable p-Type Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells.

Dopant-free passivating contact crystalline silicon solar cells hold the potential of higher efficiency and cost down. In the hole-transport terminal, one still faces the challenge of trade-off between efficiency and stability. In this work, a H-AlO/NiO/Ni stacked hole-transport layer is proposed, where the H-AlO standing for H-rich AlO film can effectively reduce the interfacial defects and the high work function Ni metal results in a low contact resistance of 47.

PSC1, a basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor controlling the purplish-red testa trait in peanut.

Seed color is a key agronomic trait in crops such as peanut, where it is a vital indicator of both nutritional and commercial value. In recent years, peanuts with darker seed coats have gained market attention due to their high anthocyanin content. Here, we used bulk segregant analysis to identify the gene associated with the purplish-red coat trait and identified a novel gene encoding a basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor, PURPLE RED SEED COAT1 (PSC1), which regulates the accumulation of anthocyanins in the seed coat.

Tuning the Acid Hardness Nature of Cu Catalyst for Selective Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electroreduction.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) in alkaline electrolyte presents a sustainable pathway for energy storage and green ammonia (NH3) synthesis. However, it remains challenging to obtain high activity and selectivity due to the limited protonation and/or desorption processes of key intermediates. Herein, we propose a strategy to regulate the acid hardness nature of Cu catalyst by introducing appropriate modifier.

Identification and Immunological Characterization of Cuproptosis Related Genes in Preeclampsia Using Bioinformatics Analysis and Machine Learning.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by an unclearly understood pathogenesis and poses a great threat to maternal and fetal safety. Cuproptosis, a novel form of cellular death, has been implicated in the advancement of various diseases. However, the role of cuproptosis and immune-related genes in PE is unclear.

High-Performance Overall Water Splitting Dominated by Direct Ligand-to-Cluster Photoexcitation in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Expanding the spectral response of photocatalysts to facilitate overall water splitting (OWS) represents an effective approach for improving solar spectrum utilization efficiency. However, the majority of single-phase photocatalysts designed for OWS primarily respond to the ultraviolet region, which accounts for a small proportion of sunlight. Herein, we present a versatile strategy to achieve broad visible-light-responsive OWS photocatalysis dominated by direct ligand-to-cluster charge transfer (LCCT) within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).

Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Chronic Pain and Alzheimer's Disease-A Review.

The coexistence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and chronic pain (CP) in the elderly population has been extensively documented, and a growing body of evidence supports the potential interconnections between these two conditions. This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms by which CP may contribute to the development and progression of AD, with a particular focus on neuroinflammatory pathways and the role of microglia, as well as the activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The review proposes that prolonged pain processing in critical brain regions can dysregulate the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome within microglia, leading to the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and excessive oxidative stress in these regions.

Rationale and Design of the InsightPFA Trial: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial of the Irreversible Electroporation-Based Pulsed Field Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation in Chinese Patients With Symptomatic Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is gaining recognition as a nonthermal, tissue-specific technique for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). The preclinical evaluation of the investigated novel PFA system from Insight Medtech Co. Ltd has demonstrated feasibility, safety, and 30-day efficacy for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in the swine model.

Construction of Axially Chiral Dialdehydes via Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective C-H Amidation.

Achieving axially chiral biaryl dialdehydes through asymmetric catalysis remains significantly challenging due to the lack of efficient strategies. In this report, we developed a rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective C-H amidation through chiral transient directing group strategy. With this new approach, a series of axially chiral amido dialdehydes were achieved in up to 86% yields with 99.

Chain of Risks Evaluation (CORE): A framework for safer large language models in public mental health.

Large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention for their capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, their widespread adoption potentially raises public mental health concerns, including issues related to inequity, stigma, dependence, medical risks, and security threats. This review aims to offer a perspective within the actor-network framework, exploring the technical architectures, linguistic dynamics, and psychological effects underlying human-LLMs interactions.

Maternal exposure to bisphenol A induces congenital heart disease through mitochondrial dysfunction.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents a major birth defect associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Although environmental factors are acknowledged as potential contributors to CHD, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Bisphenol A (BPA), a common endocrine disruptor, has attracted significant attention due to its widespread use and associated health risks.

Endocytosis mediated by megalin and cubilin is involved in enamel development.

Background: Endocytosis of enamel matrix proteins (EMPs) by ameloblasts is a key process in the mineralization of enamel during the maturation stage of amelogenesis. However, the relevant receptor mediating endocytosis of EMPs is still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore potential endocytic receptors involved in this process.

A Stable Open-Shelled Au26 Nanocluster with Remarkable Performance in Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol.

Open metal sites are crucial in catalysis. We have used a "loose coordination strategy" (LCS) to preorganize open metal sites in gold cluster catalysts. A gold nanocluster with composition of [Au26(3,4-Me2-Ph-form)9(iPr2-imy)3(Me2S)](BF4)2(iPr2-imy = 1,3-Diisopropylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 3,4-Me2-Ph-form = N,N'-Di(3,4-dimethyl-phenyl)formamidine) (Au26) has been obtained by one pot synthesis, i.

Optimization of Extraction Process, Structural Characterization, and Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activity Evaluation of Polysaccharides From the Medicinal and Edible Plant: Cistanche deserticola Ma.

Introduction: Cistanche deserticola Ma (CD), an edible and medicinal plant native to Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Gansu in China, is rich in bioactive polysaccharides known for their health-promoting properties. The polysaccharides of C. deserticola (CDPs) have been shown to possess a range of beneficial activities, including immunomodulatory, anti-aging, antioxidant, and anti-osteoporosis effects.

Overestimated role of inoculation bacteria-algae ratio in wastewater treatment.

Microalgae-bacteria systems present a promising approach for CO reduction in wastewater treatment. The effect of inoculation bacteria-algae ratio on performance was investigated in this study. Different inoculation ratios (bacteria: algae 1:2, 1:1, 1:0.

Novel inflammatory markers in intracerebral hemorrhage: Results from Olink proteomics analysis.

Inflammation is a crucial factor in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) pathophysiology, but specific inflammatory biomarkers in ICH patients remain unclear. This study aimed to identify novel circulating inflammatory biomarkers for improved ICH prediction and diagnosis. We profiled expression levels of 92 cardiovascular disease related proteins in plasma from 26 matched ICH patients and controls using Olink technology.

Effect of konjac glucomannan aerogel-immobilized Chlorella vulgaris LH-1 on oil-contaminated seawater remediation and endogenous bacterial community diversity.

Ocean oil spills can severely impact ecosystems and disrupt marine biodiversity and habitats. Microbial remediation is an effective method for removing thin oil slick contamination. In this study, the adsorption and degradation of low-concentration oil spills by Chlorella vulgaris LH-1 immobilized in konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogel were investigated.

Recent progress of mechanofluorochromism and mechanoluminescence for phenothiazine derivatives and analogues.

Mechanofluorochromism (MFC) and mechanoluminescence (ML) materials have garnered significant attention from researchers due to their potential applications in anti-counterfeiting, optical recording, photodynamic therapy, bioimaging, stress sensing, display technology, and ink-free printing paper. Among the various building blocks utilized in these materials, phenothiazine (PTZ) has emerged as a widely employed fundamental component owing to its distinctive electronic and optical properties as well as its facile modification capabilities. Summarizing the recent progress of PTZ derivatives and analogues in this field holds practical significance.

WFDC3 sensitizes colorectal cancer to chemotherapy by regulating ATM/ATR kinase signaling pathway.

Chemoresistance is an ongoing challenge for colorectal cancer (CRC) that significantly compromises the anti-tumor efficacy of current drugs. Identifying effective targets or drugs for overcoming chemoresistance is urgently needed. Our previous study showed that WFDC3 served as a tumor suppressor that hindered CRC metastasis.

HGF/c-Met Promotes Breast Cancer Tamoxifen Resistance Through the EZH2/HOTAIR-miR-141/200a Feedback Signaling Pathway.

Tamoxifen is one of the most frequently used endocrine medications for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER + ) breast cancer (BC). Unfortunately, tamoxifen resistance (TR) brings more challenges to the clinical treatment, and the mechanisms of TR have not yet been fully clarified. HGF/c-Met is closely associated with cancer metastasis, but whether it is involved in TR remains unclear.

Contrasts in hydraulics underlie the divergent performances of Populus and native tree species in water-limited sandy land environments.

Populus tree species are commonly used for creating shelter forests in vast areas of northern China, at least partially due to their fast growth. However, they are facing severe problems of decline and mortality caused by drought. In contrast, tree species native to water-limited environments usually have slow growth and are currently not commonly used in afforestation, while these species are gaining more attention in forestry for their greater resilience to drought.

Overcoming low status or maintaining high status? A multinational examination of the association between socioeconomic status and honour.

We examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and endorsement of honour. We studied the SES-honour link in 5 studies (N = 13,635) with participants recruited in different world regions (the Mediterranean and MENA, East Asian, South-East Asian, and Anglo-Western regions) using measures that tap into various different facets of honour. Findings from these studies revealed that individuals who subjectively perceived themselves as belonging to a higher (vs.

The qualitative analysis of trabecular architecture of the proximal femur based on the P45 sectional plastination technique.

The primary weight-bearing structure of the proximal femur, trabecular bone, has a complex three-dimensional architecture that was previously difficult to comprehensively display. This study examined the spatial architecture of trabecular struts in the coronal, sagittal, and horizontal sections of the proximal femur using 21 cases prepared with P45 sectional plasticization. The primary compressive strut (PCS) exhibited a "mushroom-like" shape with upper and lower parts.

Strategy for enhancing Cistanche deserticola drying efficiency and quality based on novel freeze-infrared hybrid drying: moisture transition points control.

Background: Fresh Cistanche deserticola, a valuable medicinal and dietary ingredient with exceptional functional properties, exhibits a high moisture content and is susceptible to deterioration due to its high moisture content. Therefore, it is imperative to identify an appropriate dehydration method. This study primarily focuses on enhancing the efficiency and quality of dried C.