Regulatory B cells in parasitic infections: roles and therapeutic potential.

Parasitic infection is a complex process involving interactions among various immune cells. Regulatory B cells (Breg cells), a subset of B lymphocytes with immunosuppressive functions, play a role in modulating immune responses during infection to prevent excessive immune activation. This article reviews the origin, phenotype, and immunoregulatory mechanisms of Breg cells.

Diabetes in China: epidemiology, pathophysiology and multi-omics.

Although diabetes is now a global epidemic, China has the highest number of affected people, presenting profound public health and socioeconomic challenges. In China, rapid ecological and lifestyle shifts have dramatically altered diabetes epidemiology and risk factors. In this Review, we summarize the epidemiological trends and the impact of traditional and emerging risk factors on Chinese diabetes prevalence.

p16 Aggravated Sepsis-associated Cardiac Injury by Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT Pathway and Inducing Redox Imbalance.

Severe sepsis can promote myocardial injury and cardiac dysfunction, but role of p16 in sepsis-induced myocardial injury remains undefined. PBMCs were collected from patients. Expression of inflammatory factors and NLRP3 pathway were detected by Western blotting and qPCR in WT and p16KO mice.

Accuracy of lung ultrasound in predicting successful extubation in preterm infants born ≤ 25 weeks.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the predictive value of the lung ultrasound score (LUS) for successful extubation in preterm infants born at ≤25 weeks.

Methods: This was a single-center, prospective cohort study. Preterm infants with gestational age (GA) ≤ 25 weeks who received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for ≥72 h were included.

Association of falls with risk of dementia and all-cause mortality: a cohort study of Japanese older adults with a 9-year follow-up.

Objective: Many risk factors affect dementia and all-cause mortality. However, whether falls are a risk factor for dementia and all-cause mortality is unclear. The study examines the association of falls with the risk of dementia and all-cause mortality, and whether dementia mediates the association of falls with all-cause mortality.

Cytokine expression of soft tissue cells cultured with titanium discs and their respective supernatants in vitro.

Objective: Titanium surface modifications improve osseointegration in dental and orthopedic implants. However, soft tissue cells can also reach the implant surface in immediate loading protocols. While previous research focused on osteogenic cells, the early response of soft tissue cells still needs to be better understood.

Chinese Medicine Combined with Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Promising Aspect of Integrative Medicine.

Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are crucially involved in various biological processes because of their self-renewal, multi-differentiation, and immunomodulatory activities. Some ADSC's characteristics have been associated with the basic theory of Chinese medicine (CM), especially the Meridian theory. CM can improve the biological properties of ADSCs to facilitate their use in injury treatment, restore immune homeostasis, and inhibit inflammatory responses.

Shenmai Injection Reduces Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Induced by Doxorubicin through miR-30a/Bcl-2.

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of Shenmai Injection (SMI) against doxorubicin (DOX) induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Methods: A total of 40 specific pathogen-free (SPF) male Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats were divided into 5 groups based on the random number table, including the control group, the model group, miR-30a agomir group, SMI low-dose (SMI-L) group, and SMI high-dose (SMI-H) group, with 8 rats in each group. Except for the control group, the rats were injected weekly with DOX (2 mg/kg) in the tail vein for 4 weeks to induce myocardial injury, and were given different regimens of continuous intervention for 2 weeks.

Biomechanical analysis of a short femoral stem used in revision total hip replacement of a standard femoral stem.

Short-stem total hip arthroplasty (SHA) has become popular because it preserves femoral bone stock and enables the use of short femoral stems in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, no study has evaluated whether a short stem in revision THA, replacing a standard stem, can provide adequate primary stability to facilitate osseous integration. In this biomechanical study, a metaphyseal anchoring SHA (Tri-Lock BPS) stem and a standard THA (Corail) stem were implanted into ten composite femurs and loaded dynamically from 300 to 1700 N with 1 Hz.

FBXO22 promotes HCC angiogenesis and metastasis via RPS5/AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF-A signaling axis.

The gene F-box only protein 22 (FBXO22) has been discovered to promote the development of liver cancer tumors. Nevertheless, there remains considerable ambiguity regarding the involvement of FBXO22 in the processes of angiogenesis and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study has confirmed a significant upregulation of FBXO22 expression in both HCC samples and cellular models.

Research on coordination mechanism between agricultural green and land ecosystem in Yellow River Basin.

The Yellow River Basin is China's grain production base and ecological barrier, with an important strategic position. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze spatiotemporal pattern of ecosystem services and agricultural green, and further exploring the driving mechanism of coordination using the GTWR model to examine how the Yellow River Basin's agriculture evolve sustainably. The results indicate that: (1) In 2011-2021, the Yellow River Basin's ecosystem service value showed a state of growth first and then decline, indicating that the decrease trend cannot be ignored; the Yellow River Basin has seen a steady rise in agricultural green level, with regional disparities progressively disappearing.

Decreased STING predicts adverse efficacy in bortezomib regimens and poor survival in multiple myeloma.

Purpose: STING (stimulator of interferon genes) is involved in viral and bacterial defense through interferon pathway and innate immunity. Increased susceptibility to infection is a common manifestation of multiple myeloma (MM). Thus, we aimed to explore the clinical significance and possible mechanism of STING in MM.

Propensity score matched cohort study on magnesium supplementation and mortality in critically ill patients with HFpEF.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) emerges as a singular subclass of heart failure, bereft of specific therapeutic options. Magnesium, an indispensable trace element, is essential to the preservation of cardiac integrity. However, the association between magnesium supplementation and mortality in HFpEF patients remains unclear.

Overexpression of CYP6CY1 is Involved in Imidacloprid Resistance in Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi) (Homoptera: Aphidae).

Sitobion miscanthi is a wheat aphid species that can damage seriously agricultural production. The effective management of wheat aphids has depended on chemical insecticides. However, their wide application led to severe resistance of wheat aphids to some insecticides, and cytochrome P450 as a detoxifying enzyme plays a crucial role in the insecticide resistance.

Oligogenic effect is associated with the clinical heterogeneity of autosomal dominant deafness-15.

Autosomal dominant deafness-15 which is caused by mutation in the POU4F3 gene, has been reported with a wide degree of clinical heterogeneity, even between intrafamilial members. However, the reason is still elusive. In this study, A four-generation Chinese family with 11 patients manifesting late-onset progressive non-syndromic hearing loss was recruited.

The correlation study between posterior fossa crowding and classical trigeminal neuralgia.

Objective: To explore the correlation between posterior fossa crowding and the occurrence of classical trigeminal neuralgia (TN).

Methods: A total of 60 patients diagnosed with classical TN and 60 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included as a control group for a case-control study. All subjects underwent high-resolution 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations (including 3D-FIESTA and 3D-TOF MRA sequences).

The value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of fever of unknown origin.

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) caused by infection is a disease state characterized by complex pathogens and remains a diagnostic dilemma. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology is a promising diagnostic tool for identifying pathogenic microbes of FUO caused by infection. Little is known about the clinical impact of mNGS in the etiological diagnosis of FUO.

Correcting mitochondrial loss mitigates NOTCH1-related aortopathy in mice.

Loss-of-function mutations in NOTCH1 were previously linked to thoracic aortopathy, a condition for which non-surgical treatment options are limited. Based on clinical proteome analysis, we hypothesized that mitochondrial fusion and biogenesis in aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are crucial for regulating the progression of NOTCH1-related aortopathy. Here we demonstrate that SMC-specific Notch1 knockout mice develop aortic pathology, including stiffening, dilation and focal dissection.

Citrullinated IGF2BP1 promotes rheumatoid synovial aggression via increasing the mRNA stability of SEMA3D.

Protein citrullination modification plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are extensively employed for clinical diagnosis of RA. However, there remains limited understanding regarding specific citrullinated proteins and their implications in the progression of RA. In this study, we screen and verify insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) as a novel citrullinated protein with significantly elevated citrullinated level in RA.

Tomato ripeness and stem recognition based on improved YOLOX.

To address the challenges of unbalanced class labels with varying maturity levels of tomato fruits and low recognition accuracy for both fruits and stems in intelligent harvesting, we propose the YOLOX-SE-GIoU model for identifying tomato fruit maturity and stems. The SE focus module was incorporated into YOLOX to improve the identification accuracy, addressing the imbalance in the number of tomato fruits and stems. Additionally, we optimized the loss function to GIoU loss to minimize discrepancies across different scales of fruits and stems.

Optimizing the NGS-based discrimination of multiple lung cancers from the perspective of evolution.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers a promising approach for differentiating multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) from intrapulmonary metastasis (IPM), though panel selection and clonal interpretation remain challenging. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) data from 80 lung cancer samples were utilized to simulate MPLC and IPM, with various sequenced panels constructed through gene subsampling. Two clonal interpretation approaches primarily applied in clinical practice, MoleA (based on shared mutation comparison) and MoleB (based on probability calculation), were subsequently evaluated.

Belt conveyor idler fault detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv5.

The rapid expansion of the coal mining industry has introduced significant safety risks, particularly within the harsh environments of open-pit coal mines. The safe and stable operation of belt conveyor idlers is crucial not only for ensuring efficient coal production but also for safeguarding the lives of coal mine workers. Therefore, this paper proposes a method based on deep learning for real-time detection of conveyor idler faults.

Mutagenesis and analysis of contrasting wheat lines do not support a role for PFT in Fusarium head blight resistance.

Ambiguity about whether the histidine-rich calcium-binding protein-coding gene (His) or the pore-forming toxin-like gene (PFT) or both are responsible for Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance conferred by the Fhb1 quantitative trait locus hinders progress toward elucidating Fhb1 resistance mechanisms. Here, with a series of developed lines with or without PFT but all possessing His and five His-carrying PFT mutant lines created via gene editing, we show that PFT does not confer FHB resistance and that the His resistance effect does not require PFT in the tested conditions. We also show that PFT mutations are not associated with morphological and phenological characteristics that often affect FHB severity.

The NAT1-bHLH110-CER1/CER1L module regulates heat stress tolerance in rice.

Rice production is facing substantial threats from global warming associated with extreme temperatures. Here we report that modifying a heat stress-induced negative regulator, a negative regulator of thermotolerance 1 (NAT1), increases wax deposition and enhances thermotolerance in rice. We demonstrated that the C2H2 family transcription factor NAT1 directly inhibits bHLH110 expression, and bHLH110 directly promotes the expression of wax biosynthetic genes CER1/CER1L under heat stress conditions.