Sources identification and health risk assessment of heavy metals in total suspended particulates (TSP) in a geochemical anomaly area influenced by historical indigenous zinc smelting activities.

The superposition of heavy metals (HMs) from multiple anthropogenic sources in geochemical anomaly areas makes it difficult to discriminate prime sources in atmospheric HMs. This study utilized a combination of microscopic features, positive matrix factorisation, and Pb isotope fingerprints to trace the main sources of HMs bound to total suspended particulates (TSP) at a pollution site (Msoshui: MS) and control site (Lushan: LS) in northwestern Guizhou. The results reveal that the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, As, Cu, Ni, and Zn in the TSP of LS are 3.

The important role of the histone acetyltransferases p300/CBP in cancer and the promising anticancer effects of p300/CBP inhibitors.

Histone acetyltransferases p300 (E1A-associated protein p300) and CBP (CREB binding protein), collectively known as p300/CBP due to shared sequence and functional synergy, catalyze histone H3K27 acetylation and consequently induce gene transcription. p300/CBP over-expression or over-activity activates the transcription of oncogenes, leading to cancer cell growth, resistance to apoptosis, tumor initiation and development. The discovery of small molecule inhibitors targeting p300/CBP histone acetyltransferase activity, bromodomains, dual inhibitors of p300/CBP and BRD4 bromodomains, as well as proteolysis-targeted-chimaera p300/CBP protein degraders, marks significant progress in cancer therapeutics.

Biochar and bentonite application improves aeolian sandy soil health and enhances soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction potential.

Aeolian sandy soil is barren and readily leads to low fertilizer utilization rates and yields. Therefore, it is imperative to improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of these soils. In this paper, three kinds of biochar (rice husk, corn stalk, and bamboo charcoal) and bentonite were used as amendments in the first year of the experiment.

Safety Analysis of Visual Percutaneous Tracheostomy in Neurocritical Care Patients with Anticoagulation and Antithrombosis.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the safety of visual percutaneous tracheostomy (vPDT) in neurologic intensive care unit (NICU) patients who are under anticoagulant and antithrombotic therapy.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 54 NICU patients who underwent vPDT at Tai'an Central Hospital from September 2022 to September 2023. The cohort included 36 men and 18 women aged 36-90 years (mean age 62.

Abnormal sensory processing cortex in insomnia disorder: a degree centrality study.

Insomnia disorder is a significant global health concern. This research aimed to explore the pathogenesis of insomnia disorder using static and dynamic degree centrality methods at the voxel level. A total of 29 patients diagnosed with insomnia disorder and 28 healthy controls were ultimately included to examine differences in degree centrality between the two groups.

Somatic CAG repeat expansion in blood associates with biomarkers of neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease decades before clinical motor diagnosis.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease with the age at which characteristic symptoms manifest strongly influenced by inherited HTT CAG length. Somatic CAG expansion occurs throughout life and understanding the impact of somatic expansion on neurodegeneration is key to developing therapeutic targets. In 57 HD gene expanded (HDGE) individuals, ~23 years before their predicted clinical motor diagnosis, no significant decline in clinical, cognitive or neuropsychiatric function was observed over 4.

Remote sensing image Super-resolution reconstruction by fusing multi-scale receptive fields and hybrid transformer.

To enhance high-frequency perceptual information and texture details in remote sensing images and address the challenges of super-resolution reconstruction algorithms during training, particularly the issue of missing details, this paper proposes an improved remote sensing image super-resolution reconstruction model. The generator network of the model employs multi-scale convolutional kernels to extract image features and utilizes a multi-head self-attention mechanism to dynamically fuse these features, significantly improving the ability to capture both fine details and global information in remote sensing images. Additionally, the model introduces a multi-stage Hybrid Transformer structure, which processes features at different resolutions progressively, from low resolution to high resolution, substantially enhancing reconstruction quality and detail recovery.

Formulation Factors Affecting the Formation of Visible-Bubbles During the Reconstitution Process of Freeze-Dried Etanercept Formulations: Protein Concentration, Stabilizers, and Surfactants.

Freeze drying is one of the common methods to extend the long-term stability of biologicals. Biological products in solid form have the advantages of convenient transportation and stable long-term storage. However, long reconstitution time and extensive visible bubbles are frequently generated during the reconstitution process for many freeze-dried protein formulations, which can potentially affect the management efficiency of staff, patient compliance, and product quality.

Construction of cuproptosis-related genes risk model predicts the prognosis of Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma.

Cuproptosis, a recently discovered form of cell death, has emerged as a crucial player in tumor development, although its role in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) remains inadequately explored. This study aims to identify prognostically relevant cuproptosis-related genes in endometrial cancer. Cuproptosis-related genes were sourced from previously published studies and the FerrDb database.

hsa_circ_0001599 promotes odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells by increasing ITGA2 expression and stability.

Dental pulp regeneration is significantly aided by human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are crucial in the multidirectional differentiation of many mesenchymal stem cells, but their specific functions and mechanisms remain unknown. This work aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanism by which hsa_circ_0001599 works in hDPSCs during odontogenic differentiation.

Body Mass Index mediates the relationship between estimated glucose disposal rate and gallstones.

This study examined the relationship between gallstones and estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) in people in the United States and the possible mediating function of body mass index (BMI). Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), conducted between 2017 and March 2020. Logistic regression, subgroup analysis, smoothed curve fitting, and causal mediation studies were among the statistical techniques used to examine the participant data.

Safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of a novel IgG degrading enzyme (KJ103): results from two randomised, blinded, phase 1 clinical trials.

The approved intravenous adeno-associated virus (AAV) therapies are limited by the widespread prevalence of pre-existing anti-AAV antibodies in the general population, which are known to restrict patients' ability to receive gene therapy and limit transfection efficacy in vivo. To address this challenge, we have developed a novel recombinant human immunoglobulin G degrading enzyme KJ103, characterized by low immunogenicity and clinical value for the elimination of anti-AAV antibodies in gene transfer. Herein, we conducted two randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose Phase I studies in China and New Zealand, to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and immunogenicity of KJ103 in healthy volunteers.

Explainable deep learning and virtual evolution identifies antimicrobial peptides with activity against multidrug-resistant human pathogens.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising approach to identify new antimicrobial compounds in diverse microbial species. Here we developed an AI-based, explainable deep learning model, EvoGradient, that predicts the potency of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and virtually modifies peptide sequences to produce more potent AMPs, akin to in silico directed evolution. We applied this model to peptides encoded in low-abundance human oral bacteria, resulting in the virtual evolution of 32 peptides into potent AMPs.

Integrins identified as potential prognostic markers in osteosarcoma through multi-omics and multi-dataset analysis.

Osteosarcoma represents 20% of primary malignant bone tumors globally. Assessing its prognosis is challenging due to the complex roles of integrins in tumor development and metastasis. This study utilized 209,268 osteosarcoma cells from the GEO database to identify integrin-associated genes using advanced analysis methods.

20-HETE mediates Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy via ROS and Ca signaling in H9c2 cells.

In the vascular system, angiotensin II (Ang II) mediated vasoconstriction by inducing the production of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE). However, the role of 20-HETE in Ang II-induced cardiac dysfunction had yet to be fully elucidated. This study investigated the effects of Ang II on CYP4A expression and 20-HETE production in H9c2 cells using RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA.

Mechanisms and therapeutic implications of gene expression regulation by circRNA-protein interactions in cancer.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have garnered substantial attention due to their distinctive circular structure and gene regulatory functions, establishing them as a significant class of functional non-coding RNAs in eukaryotes. Studies have demonstrated that circRNAs can interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which play crucial roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug response in cancer by influencing gene expression and altering the processes of tumor initiation and progression. This review aims to summarize the recent advances in research on circRNA-protein interactions (CPIs) and discuss the functions and mode of action of CPIs at various stages of gene expression, including transcription, splicing, translation, and post-translational modifications in the context of cancer.

Immunogenic dying cells elicit potent anti-tumor T cell immunity against lung metastasis and tumorigenesis.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) are promising, however they do not fit all types of tumor, such as those lack of tumor antigens. Induction of potent anti-tumor T cell immunity is critical for cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of immunotherapy via the immunogenic cell death (ICD) dying tumor cells in mouse models of lung metastasis and tumorigenesis.

Exploration of the shared diagnostic genes and molecular mechanism between obesity and atherosclerosis via bioinformatic analysis.

Obesity (OB) and atherosclerosis (AS) represent two highly prevalent and detrimental chronic diseases that are intricately linked. However, the shared genetic signatures and molecular pathways underlying these two conditions remain elusive. This study aimed to identify the shared diagnostic genes and the associated molecular mechanism between OB and AS.

Association between herpes simplex virus infection and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: analysis within the MAPT trial.

In vitro and animal studies have suggested that inoculation with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) can lead to amyloid deposits, hyperphosphorylation of tau, and/or neuronal loss. Here, we studied the association between HSV-1 and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in humans. Our sample included 182 participants at risk of cognitive decline from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial who had HSV-1 plasma serology and an amyloid PET scan.

The Role of SIRT1-BDNF Signaling Pathway in Fluoride-Induced Toxicity for Glial BV-2 Cells.

Chronic fluorosis is often accompanied by neurological symptoms, leading to attention, memory and learning ability decline and causing tension, anxiety, depression, and other mental symptoms. In the present study, we analyzed the molecular mechanisms of SIRT1-BDNF regulation of PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and FOXO1A in F-treated BV2 cells. The cytotoxic effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on BV2 cells was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), crystal violet, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining.

Highly sensitive split ring resonator-based sensor for quality monitoring of edible oils.

This research presents the design and analysis of a compact metamaterial (MTM)-based star-shaped split-ring resonator (SRR) enclosed in a square, constructed on a cost-effective substrate for liquid chemical sensing applications. The designed structure has dimensions of 10 × 10 mm and is optimized for detecting adulteration in edible oils. When the sample holder is filled with different percentages of oil samples, the resonance frequency of the MTM-based SRR sensor shift significantly.

A retrospective multicenter study on the efficacy and safety of disitamab vedotin monotherapy versus combination with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer.

Novel therapeutic agents including disitamab vedotin (RC48, an antibody-drug conjugate) and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., PD-1 inhibitors) have provided new hope as an advanced gastric-cancer (GC) treatment.

Salidroside Prevents Keloid Fibroblast Aggressive Progression by Upregulating miR-26a-5p to Inhibit JAG1.

Salidroside, a natural herb, exerts considerable anti-tumor effects in various human cancers. Evidence unveils that Salidroside mediates gene expression to affect cancer progression. Our work intended to uncover the molecular mechanism of Salidroside functional role in keloid.