The effect of hot air treatment on volatile compounds in nectarine fruit and the regulation of glycosidically bound compounds by sugar.

In order to investigate the impact of hot air (HA) treatment on the sugars and volatiles in postharvest nectarine fruit, nectarines were treated with HA at 40 °C for 4 h and stored at 1 °C for 35 days. Changes of sugars, free and glycosidically bound volatiles, β-glucosidase (β-Glu) activity, and the gene expression of UGT (UDP-glucosyltransferase) in nectarine fruit were determined. The results showed that compared with CK, HA treatment delayed the firmness decline of 48.

Genome-wide identification of UDP-glycosyltransferases involved in flavonol glycosylation induced by UV-B irradiation in Eriobotrya japonica.

Flavonol glycosides are secondary metabolites important for plant development and stress defense such as UV-B irradiation. UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of flavonol glycosides. Eriobotrya japonica is abundant in flavonol glycosides, but UGTs responsible for accumulation of flavonol glycosides remain unknown.

Effects of thermal treatment and Glucono-δ-lactone on the quality of alkaline dough and steamed buns.

In the present study, the effects of glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) as an acid reagent during thermal treatment on the quality of alkaline dough and steamed buns were examined. During the heating process, GDL improved the viscoelasticity and fluidity of the alkaline dough and enhanced intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The hardness of steamed buns was reduced by 61.

Gut microbial communities and transcriptional profiles of black soldier fly (Hermitia illucens) larvae fed on fermented sericulture waste.

Sericulture waste poses significant challenges to industrial and environmental safety. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) offer a promising solution for organic waste management by converting it into insect protein. This study aimed to develop a microbial fermented method for utilizing sericulture waste to feed BSFL and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Coalescence characteristics of free-living and particle-attached bacteria in a cascade river-reservoir system: A case study of the Jinsha River.

Microbial coalescence plays a crucial role in shaping aquatic ecosystems by facilitating the merging of neighboring microbial communities, thereby influencing ecosystem structure. Although this phenomenon is commonly observed in natural environments, comprehensive quantitative comparative studies on different lifestyle bacteria involved in this process are still lacking. The study focuses on 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) at the Jinsha River hydropower stations (Wudongde [WDD], Baihetan [BHT], Xiluodu [XLD], Xiangjiaba [XJB]), specifically examining free-living (FL) and particle-attached (PA) bacteria.

Combined feature of enhanced stability and multi-level switching observed in TiN/Ta2O5/Ag-NPs/ITO/PET structure.

Both stability and multi-level switching are crucial performance aspects for resistive random-access memory (RRAM), each playing a significant role in improving overall device performance. In this study, we successfully integrate these two features into a single RRAM configuration by embedding Ag-nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) into the TiN/Ta2O5/ITO structure. The device exhibits substantially lower switching voltages, a larger switching ratio, and multi-level switching phenomena compared to many other nanoparticle-embedded devices.

The impact of air pollution on acute angle-closure glaucoma in Hefei, China, 2017-2022: a time-series study.

Objective: The study investigated the effects of air pollutants on the incidence of acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) in Hefei, China.Methods: A combination of generalized additive models (GAM) and distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) was used to explore the relationship between air pollutants and the incidence of AACG.Results: Exposure-response curves showed that exposure to PM2.

Reaction of Donor-Acceptor α-Diazo Esters and ,-Dimethylformamide/γ-Lactams To Generate α-Amino-α-aroylethanoates.

Herein, we present a metal-free, concise, and efficient protocol for the intermolecular reaction of amides (lactams) with donor-acceptor α-diazo esters to afford the functionalized α-amino-α-aroylethanoates. -Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and ,-dimethylformamide (DMF) are employed as both reagents and solvents, allowing for the incorporation of all units into the products. The reaction is processed by the ester group migration and compatible with a broad range of substrates up to 50 examples.

Silver-Catalyzed Cascade Radical Isonitrile Insertion/Defluorinative Cyclization: Direct Synthesis of 4-CFH-2-Phosphinoyl-quinolines.

A novel silver-catalyzed cascade radical isonitrile insertion and defluorinative cyclization have been developed to synthesize CFH- and phosphinoyl-containing quinolines from -isocyanyl α-trifluoromethylstyrenes. The reaction proceeded under redox-neutral conditions and allowed the construction of a highly attractive quinoline ring system, with the simultaneous formation of the CFH group and introduction of various phosphinoyl groups in a single transformation, showing operational simplicity, a wide substrate scope, good tolerance for functional groups, and remarkable atom-/stepeconomy. Mechanistic studies indicated that the reaction is likely to involve the participation of P-centered radicals and key carbanion intermediates.

Potential of Klotho as a Biomarker for Overwork: A Study of Frontline Medical Workers.

Objective: This study evaluates the utility of serum s-αKlotho levels as a quantifiable biomarker for overwork.

Methods: Frontline medical workers aged 20-55 from Yiling People's Hospital of Yichang were recruited. Criteria included non-smokers, non-heavy drinkers, no chronic medication use, and no acute illnesses recently.

Enhancing HIV Cognitive Abilities and Self-Management Through Information Technology-Assisted Interventions: Scoping Review.

Background: HIV/AIDS remains a significant global challenge, and with the rapid advancement of technology, there has been an increasing number of interventions aimed at improving HIV/AIDS cognition and self-management behaviors among patients. However, there is still a lack of detailed literature integrating relevant evidence.

Objective: This study aims to comprehensively review existing research on interventions using modern information methods to improve HIV/AIDS cognition and enhance self-management behaviors among patients.

Study on the developmental, behavioral toxicity, and toxicological mechanism of the antidepressant drug venlafaxine and its active metabolites in zebrafish.

As a representative agent of bicyclic antidepressants, venlafaxine (VEN) has become widely used worldwide and is frequently detected in surface waters with concentrations ranging from ng/L to µg/L. To evaluate the toxicological effects of such medications on aquatic species, studies on environmentally relevant concentrations are essential. Zebrafish were used as a model organism to assess growth and development in larvae and examine tissue accumulation, oxidative stress, and DNA methylation in adults.

The Q-Band Energetics and Relaxation of Chlorophylls and as Revealed by Visible-to-Near Infrared Time-Resolved Absorption Spectroscopy.

Chlorophyll (Chl) is the most abundant light-harvesting pigment of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms; however, the Q-band energetics and relaxation dynamics remain unclear. In this work, we have applied femtosecond time-resolved (-TA) absorption spectroscopy in 430-1,700 nm to Chls and in diluted pyridine solutions under selective optical excitation within their Q-bands. The results revealed distinct near-infrared absorption features of the B ← Q and B ← Q transitions in 930-1,700 nm, which together with the steady-state absorption in 400-700 nm unveiled the Q-state energy that lies 1,000 ± 400 and 600 ± 400 cm above the Q-state for Chls and , respectively.

Trends, challenges, and research pathways in emerging contaminants: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.

The growing concern over environmental pollution has spurred extensive research into various contaminants impacting ecosystems and human health. Emerging contaminants (ECs), including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, nanomaterials, and microplastics, have garnered significant attention due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of EC research, aiming to detail the research landscape, highlight significant contributions, and identify influential researchers and pivotal studies.

Hypoxia-Initiated Supramolecular Free Radicals Induce Intracellular Polymerization for Precision Tumor Therapy.

Despite the development of various controlled release systems for antitumor therapies, off-target side effects remain a persistent challenge. In situ therapeutic synthesis from biocompatible substances offers a safer and more precise alternative. This study presents a hypoxia-initiated supramolecular free radical system capable of inducing intracellular polymerization, thereby disrupting the cytoskeleton and organelles within 4T1 cells.

Quantitative Glycan-Protein Cross-Linking Mass Spectrometry Using Enrichable Linkers Reveals Extensive Glycan-Mediated Protein Interaction Networks.

Protein-protein interactions in the cell membrane are typically mediated by glycans, with terminal sialic acid often involved in these interactions. To probe the nature of the interactions, we developed quantitative cross-linking methods involving the glycans of the glycoproteins and the polypeptide moieties of proteins. We designed and synthesized biotinylated enrichable cross-linkers that were click-tagged to metabolically incorporate azido-sialic acid on cell surface glycans to allow cross-linking of the azido-glycans with lysine residues on proximal polypeptides.

Origin of Chiral Phase Transition of Polar Vortex in Ferroelectric/Dielectric Superlattices.

Chiral vortices and their phase transition in ferroelectric/dielectric heterostructures have drawn significant attention in the field of condensed matter. However, the dynamical origin of the chiral phase transition from achiral to chiral polar vortices has remained elusive. Here, we develop a phase-field perturbation model and discover the softening of out-of-plane vibration mode of polar vortices in [(PbTiO)/(SrTiO)] superlattices at a critical epitaxial strain or temperature.

Activation of TFEB protects against diabetic vascular calcification by improving autophagic flux and activating Nrf2 antioxidant system.

Autophagic flux blockade and excessive oxidative stress play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular calcification (VC). Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is an important regulator of many autophagy-lysosomal related components, which is mainly involved in promoting autophagy process in cells. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant system is considered as one of the key pathways in response to intracellular oxidative stress.

Bacteroides Fragilis Transplantation Reverses Reproductive Senescence by Transporting Extracellular Vesicles Through the Gut-Ovary Axis.

The diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms present in the gut microbiota may affect host health. There are evidences to support the role of gut microbiota as a key player in reproductive development. Unfortunately, the relationship between reproductive disorders caused by aging and gut microbiota remains largely unknown.

Molecular Clip Strategy of Modified Sulfur Cathodes for High-Performance Potassium Sulfur Batteries.

Potassium-sulfur (K-S) batteries are severely limited by the sluggish reaction kinetics of the cyclooctasulfur (cyclo-S) electrode with low conductivity, which urgently requires a novel cathode to facilitate activity to improve sulfur utilization. In this study, using the wet chemistry method, the molecular clip of Li is created to replace cyclo-S molecular with the highly active chain-like S molecular. The molecular clip strategy effectively lowers the reaction barrier in potassium-sulfur systems, and the stretching of S─S bonds weakens the binding between sulfur atoms, facilitating the transformation of potassium polysulfides (KPSs).

Isolation and identification of two novel PDE-5 inhibitors illegally added to pressed candies.

Two novel phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors were detected in pressed candy using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detection. Following extraction with acetonitrile and sonication, the compounds were isolated and purified semi-preparative liquid chromatography. Structural characterisation was achieved through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Resolving electrochemically triggered topological defect dynamics and structural degradation in layered oxides.

Understanding topological defects-controlled structural degradation of layered oxides-a key cathode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries-plays a critical role in developing next-generation cathode materials. Here, by constructing a nanobattery in an electron microscope enabling atomic-scale monitoring of electrochemcial reactions, we captured the electrochemically driven atomistic dynamics and evolution of dislocations-a most important topological defect in material. We deciphered how dislocations nucleate, move, and annihilate within layered cathodes at the atomic scale.