Motion Cognitive Decoding of Cross-Subject Motor Imagery Guided on Different Visual Stimulus Materials.

Background: Motor imagery (MI) plays an important role in brain-computer interfaces, especially in evoking event-related desynchronization and synchronization (ERD/S) rhythms in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. However, the procedure for performing a MI task for a single subject is subjective, making it difficult to determine the actual situation of an individual's MI task and resulting in significant individual EEG response variations during motion cognitive decoding.

Methods: To explore this issue, we designed three visual stimuli (arrow, human, and robot), each of which was used to present three MI tasks (left arm, right arm, and feet), and evaluated differences in brain response in terms of ERD/S rhythms.

Effect of Virtual Reality-Based Training on Upper Limb Dysfunction during Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: A Meta-Analysis Combined with Meta-Regression.

Background: Recently, there has been a surge in virtual reality (VR)-based training for upper limb (UL) rehabilitation, which has yielded mixed results. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effects of conventional therapy combined with VR-based training on UL dysfunction during post-stroke rehabilitation.

Methods: Studies published in English before May 2023 were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library.

The Correlations between Volume Loss of Temporal and Subcortical Functional Subregions and Cognitive Impairment at Various Stages of Cognitive Decline.

Background: The relationship between subregion atrophy in the entire temporal lobe and subcortical nuclei and cognitive decline at various stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unclear.

Methods: We selected 711 participants from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, which included 195 cases of cognitively normal (CN), 271 cases of early Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (EMCI), 132 cases of late MCI (LMCI), and 113 cases of AD. we looked at how subregion atrophy in the temporal lobe and subcortical nuclei correlated with cognition at different stages of AD.

CLEC7A Knockdown Alleviates Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting Pyroptosis and Microglia Activation.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Herein, we aimed to identify novel biomarkers and explore the role of C-type lectin domain family 7 member A () in IS.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the GSE106680, GSE97537, and GSE61616 datasets, and hub genes were identified through construction of protein-protein interaction networks.

Current Progress on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: An Update.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) represents a significant clinical concern, particularly among elderly surgical patients. It is characterized by a decline in cognitive performance, affecting memory, attention, coordination, orientation, verbal fluency, and executive function. This decline in cognitive abilities leads to longer hospital stays and increased mortality.

Research Progress on the Role of the Interleukin Family in the Pathogenesis of Cerebral Palsy in Children.

Cerebral palsy (CP), a common neurological disorder in children, remains a significant research focus. The interleukin (IL) family, pivotal mediators in inflammatory responses, shows increased expression in various neuroinflammatory diseases, markedly influencing their onset and progression. Elevated IL levels in the brains of children with CP, in contrast to healthy peers, reflect similar elevations in neurological conditions linked to CP, indicating a strong association between CP and the IL family.

Impact of Panvascular Disease on Exercise Capacity and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of panvascular disease (PVD) on quality of life (QOL), exercise capacity, and clinical outcomes, in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of the Heart Failure: A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training (HF-ACTION; NCT00047437). Patients with PVD were defined as those having coronary heart disease, stroke, or peripheral vascular disease at baseline.

Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers: Progress and Perspective.

For the aim of achieving the carbon-free energy scenario, green hydrogen (H) with non-CO emission and high energy density is regarded as a potential alternative to traditional fossil fuels. Over the last decades, significant breakthroughs have been realized on the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which is a fundamental advancement and efficient process to generate high-purity H in the laboratory. Based on this, the development of the practical industry-oriented anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) is on the rise, showing competitiveness with the incumbent megawatt-scale H production technologies.

Electrochemical Biosensors for Cancer Diagnosis: Multitarget Analysis to Present Molecular Characteristics of Tumor Heterogeneity.

Electrochemical biosensors are gaining attention as powerful tools in cancer diagnosis, particularly in liquid biopsy, due to their high efficiency, rapid response, exceptional sensitivity, and specificity. However, the complexity of intra- and intertumor heterogeneity, with variations in genetic and protein expression profiles and epigenetic modifications, makes electrochemical biosensors susceptible to false-positive or false-negative diagnostic outcomes. To address this challenge, there is growing interest in simultaneously analyzing multiple biomarkers to reveal molecular characteristics of tumor heterogeneity for precise cancer diagnosis.

Tuning the Selectivity in the Nonoxidative Alkane Dehydrogenation Reaction by Potassium-Promoted Zeolite-Encapsulated Pt Catalysts.

The significance of the nonoxidative dehydrogenation of middle-chain alkanes into corresponding alkenes is increasing in the context of the world's declining demands on transportation fuels and the growing demand for chemicals and materials. The middle-chain alkenes derived from the dehydrogenation reaction can be transformed into value-added chemicals in downstream processes. Due to the presence of multiple potential reaction sites, the reaction mechanism of the dehydrogenation of middle-chain alkanes is more complicated than that in the dehydrogenation of light alkanes, and there are few prior studies on elucidating their detailed structure-reactivity relationship.

Lighting Up and Identifying Metal-Binding Proteins in Cells.

Metal ions, either essential or therapeutic, play critical roles in life processes or in the treatment of diseases. Proteins and enzymes are involved in metal homeostasis and the action of metallodrugs. Imaging and identifying these metal-binding proteins will facilitate the elucidation of metal-mediated life processes.

Sequential Pore Functionalization in MOFs for Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Capture.

The capture of carbon dioxide (CO) is crucial for reducing greenhouse emissions and achieving net-zero emission goals. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) present a promising solution for carbon capture due to their structural adaptability, tunability, porosity, and pore modification. In this research, we explored the use of a copper (Cu(II))-based MOF called .

Dinitrogen Activation and Conversion by Actinide Complexes.

The efficient activation and conversion of dinitrogen (N) represent a significant challenge in sustainable chemistry, offering potential pathways for synthesizing valuable nitrogen-containing compounds while reducing the environmental impact of traditional nitrogen fixation processes. While transition metal catalysts have been extensively studied for this purpose, actinide complexes have been less explored but have recently emerged as promising candidates due to their unique electronic properties and reactivity. This Perspective systematically examines the recent advances in N activation and conversion mediated by actinide complexes, with a particular focus on their synthesis, mechanistic insights, and catalytic capabilities.

Computation-Aided Development of Next-Generation Extractants for Trivalent Actinide and Lanthanide Separation.

The chemical similarities between trivalent actinides [An(III)] and lanthanides [Ln(III)] present a significant challenge in differentiating and separating them, which is a key step toward closing the nuclear fuel cycle. However, the existing separation approaches commonly suffer from demerits such as inadequate separation factors, limited stripping efficiency, and undesired coextraction. In this study, a novel unsymmetrical phenanthroline-derived amide-triazine (Et-Tol-CyMe-ATPhen) extractant was first designed and then screened with theoretical computation.

Machine-Learning-Aided Engineering Hemoglobin as Carbene Transferase for Catalyzing Enantioselective Olefin Cyclopropanation.

In this study, we developed a machine-learning-aided protein design strategy for engineering hemoglobin (VHb) as carbene transferase. A Natural Language Processing (NLP) model was used for the first time to construct an algorithm (EESP, enzyme enantioselectivity score predictor) and predict the enantioselectivity of VHb. We identified critical amino acid residue sites by molecular docking and established a simplified mutation library by site-saturated mutagenesis.

Structure-Based Design of "Head-to-Tail" Macrocyclic PROTACs.

Macrocyclization is a compelling strategy for conventional drug design for improving biological activity, target specificity, and metabolic stability, but it was rarely applied to the design of PROTACs possibly due to the mechanism and structural complexity. Herein, we report the rational design of the first series of "Head-to-Tail" macrocyclic PROTACs. The resulting molecule exhibited pronounced Brd4 protein degradation with low nM DC values while almost totally dismissing the "hook effect", which is a general character and common concern of a PROTAC, in multiple cancer cell lines.

Discovery of New Synthetic Routes of Amino Acids in Prebiotic Chemistry.

The origin of life on Earth remains one of the most perplexing challenges in biochemistry. While numerous bottom-up experiments under prebiotic conditions have provided valuable insights into the spontaneous chemical genesis of life, there remains a significant gap in the theoretical understanding of the complex reaction processes involved. In this study, we propose a novel approach using a roto-translationally invariant potential (RTIP) formulated with pristine Cartesian coordinates to facilitate the simulation of chemical reactions.

Selective Arene Photonitration via Iron-Complex β-Homolysis.

Nitroaromatics, as an important member and source of nitrogen-containing aromatics, is bringing enormous economic benefits in fields of pharmaceuticals, dyes, pesticides, functional materials, fertilizers, and explosives. Nonetheless, the notoriously polluting nitration industry, which suffers from excessive discharge of fumes and waste acids, poor functional group tolerance, and tremendous purification difficulty, renders mild, efficient, and environmentally friendly nitration a formidable challenge. Herein, we develop a visible-light-driven biocompatible arene C-H nitration strategy with good efficiency and regioselectivity, marvelous substrate applicability and functional group tolerance, and wide application in scale-up synthesis, total synthesis, and late-stage functionalization.

Floorplanning with I/O Assignment via Feasibility-Seeking and Superiorization Methods.

The feasibility-seeking approach offers a systematic framework for managing and resolving intricate constraints in continuous problems, making it a promising avenue to explore in the context of floorplanning problems with increasingly heterogeneous constraints. The classic legality constraints can be expressed as the union of convex sets. However, conventional projection-based algorithms for feasibility-seeking do not guarantee convergence in such situations, which are also heavily influenced by the initialization.

Unveiling Key Biomarkers and Mechanisms in Septic Cardiomyopathy: A Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis.

Purpose: Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a significant global public health concern characterized by substantial morbidity and mortality, which has not been improved for decades due to lack of early diagnosis and effective therapies. This study aimed to identify hub biomarkers in SCM and explore their potential mechanisms.

Methods: We utilized the GSE53007 and GSE207363 datasets for transcriptome analysis of normal and SCM mice.

Exploring the Regulatory Mechanism of CXCL16 Molecule-Related Antigen Presentation Using lncRNA-mRNA Co-Expression Network Analysis.

Aim: To investigate the regulatory mechanism of CXCL16 molecule-related ( extract-induced antigen presentation in a mouse asthma model based on the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA expression profile.

Methods: knockout mice and wild-type mice were administered with . extract by intratracheal instillations to induce asthma airway inflammation.

Nomogram Based on Immune-Inflammatory Score and Classical Clinicopathological Parameters for Predicting the Recurrence of Endometrial Carcinoma: A Large, Multi-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: Surgery is the best approach to treat endometrial cancer (EC); however, there is currently a deficiency in effective scoring systems for predicting EC recurrence post-surgical resection. This study aims to develop a clinicopathological-inflammatory parameters-based nomogram to accurately predict the postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate of EC patients.

Methods: A training set containing 1068 patients and an independent validation set consisting of 537 patients were employed in this retrospective study.

Astragalus Polysaccharide Mitigates Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Inhibition of M1 Macrophage Polarization and the cGAS-STING Pathway.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of APS on acute kidney injury induced by rhabdomyolysis (RIAKI), exploring its association with macrophage M1 polarization and elucidating the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a normal control group, a RIAKI model group, and an APS treatment group. Techniques such as flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were employed to demonstrate that APS can inhibit the transition of renal macrophages to the M1 phenotype in RIAKI.