3D Printed Titanium Scaffolds with Bi-Directional Gradient QK-Functionalized Surface.

3D printed titanium scaffold has promising applications in orthopedics. However, the bioinert titanium presents challenges for promoting vascularization and tissue growth within the porous scaffold for stable osteointegration. In this study, a modular porous titanium scaffold is created using 3D printing and a gradient-surface strategy to immobilize QK peptide on the surface with a bi-directional gradient distribution.

Tailored Polymer-Inorganic Bilayer SEI with Proton Holder Feature for Aqueous Zn Metal Batteries.

Conventional SEI in aqueous Zn-ion batteries mainly acts as a physical barrier to prevent HER, which is prone to structural deterioration stemming from uneven Zn deposition at high current densities. Herein, we propose an in-situ structural design of polymer-inorganic bilayer SEI with a proton holder feature by aniline-modulated electrolytes. The inner ZnF2 with high stiffness and strength effectively suppresses Zn dendrites.

What Is the Mechanism by which the Introduction of Amorphous SeO Effectively Promotes Urea-Assisted Water Electrolysis Performance of Ni(OH)?

Nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)) is considered to be one of the most promising electrocatalysts for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) under alkaline conditions due to its flexible structure, wide composition and abundant 3D electrons. However, its slow electrochemical reaction rate, high affinity for the reaction intermediate *COOH, easy exposure to low exponential crystal faces and limited metal active sites that seriously hinder the further improvement of UOR activities. Herein it is reported electrocatalyst composed of rich oxygen-vacancy (O) defects with amorphous SeO-covered Ni(OH) (O-SeO/Ni(OH)).

Biphasic Coacervation Controlled by Kinetics as Studied by De Novo-Designed Peptides.

Coacervation is generally treated as a liquid-liquid phase separation process and is controlled mainly by thermodynamics. However, kinetics could make a dominant contribution, especially in systems containing multiple interactions. In this work, using peptides of (XXLY)SSSGSS to tune the charge density and the degree of hydrophobicity, as well as to introduce secondary structures, we evaluated the effect of kinetics on biphasic coacervates formed by peptides with single-stranded oligonucleotides and quaternized dextran at varying pH values.

Scalable Synthesis of 2D ErOCl with Sub-meV Narrow Emissions at Telecom Band.

Van der Waals (vdWs) materials are promising candidates for hetero-integration with silicon photonics toward miniaturization and integration. VdWs materials like molybdenum telluride and black phosphorus, despite being prominent, exhibit air sensitivity, and their room temperature emissions can be significantly broadened by tens of meV. Here, a self-encapsulation strategy is developed to scalably synthesize robust 2D vdWs ErOCl with sub-meV narrow emissions at the telecom C-band.

High Gain, Low Voltage Solar-Blind Deep UV Photodetector Based on GaO/(AlGa)O/GaN nBp Heterojunction.

In this study an (AlGa)O barrier layer is inserted between β-GaO and GaN in a p-GaN/n-GaO diode photodetector, causing the dark current to decrease considerably, and device performance to improve significantly. The β-GaO/β-(AlGa)O/GaN n-type/Barrier/p-type photodetector achieves a photocurrent gain of 1246, responsivity of 237 A W, and specific detectivity of 5.23 × 10 cm Hz W under a bias of -20 V.

Self-Reconstruction of High Entropy Alloys for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution.

Alkaline water (HO) electrolysis is currently a commercialized green hydrogen (H) production technology, yet the unsatisfactory hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance severely limits its energy conversion efficiency and cost reduction. Herein, PtRuFeCoNi high entropy alloys (HEAs) is synthesized and subsequently exploited electrochemically induced structural oxidation processes to construct self-reconfigurable HEAs, as an efficient alkaline HER catalyst. The optimized self-reconstructed PtRuFeCoNi HEAs with the HEAs and cobalt rutheniate interface (HEAs-CoRuO) exhibits excellent alkaline HER performance, requiring just 11.

An OMV-Based Nanovaccine as Antigen Presentation Signal Enhancer for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) process tumor vaccines and present tumor antigens as the first signals to T cells to activate anti-tumor immunity, which process requires the assistance of co-stimulatory second signals on APCs. The immune checkpoint programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) not only mediates the immune escape of tumor cells but also acts as a co-inhibitory second signal on APCs. The serious dysfunction of second signals due to the high expression of PD-L1 on APCs in the tumor body results in the inefficiency of tumor vaccines.

Observation of Large Low-Field Magnetoresistance in Layered (NdNiO):NdO Films at High Temperatures.

Large low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR, < 1 T), related to the spin-disorder scattering or spin-polarized tunneling at boundaries of polycrystalline manganates, holds considerable promise for the development of low-power and ultrafast magnetic devices. However, achieving significant LFMR typically necessitates extremely low temperatures due to diminishing spin polarization as temperature rises. To address this challenge, one strategy involves incorporating Ruddlesden-Popper structures (ABO):AO, which are layered derivatives of perovskite structure capable of potentially inducing heightened magnetic fluctuations at higher temperatures.

Engineering Highly Aligned and Densely Populated Cardiac Muscle Bundles via Fibrin Remodeling in 3D-Printed Anisotropic Microfibrous Lattices.

Replicating the structural and functional features of native myocardium, particularly its high-density cellular alignment and efficient electrical connectivity, is essential for engineering functional cardiac tissues. Here, novel electrohydrodynamically printed InterPore microfibrous lattices with anisotropic architectures are introduced to promote high-density cellular alignment and enhanced tissue interconnectivity. The interconnected pores in the microfibrous lattice enable dynamic, cell-mediated remodeling of fibrous hydrogels, resulting in continuous, mechanically stable tissue bundles.

Gastric Cancer Models Developed via GelMA 3D Bioprinting Accurately Mimic Cancer Hallmarks, Tumor Microenvironment Features, and Drug Responses.

Current in vitro models for gastric cancer research, such as 2D cell cultures and organoid systems, often fail to replicate the complex extracellular matrix (ECM) found in vivo. For the first time, this study utilizes a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel, a biomimetic ECM-like material, in 3D bioprinting to construct a physiologically relevant gastric cancer model. GelMA's tunable mechanical properties allow for the precise manipulation of cellular behavior within physiological ranges.

Atomically Dispersed Fe-Mo Catalysts Mediate Fenton-Like Reaction to Efficiently Degrade Chlorophenol Pollutants Through Synergistic Oxidation and Dechlorination Reactions.

Chlorophenols are difficult to degrade and mineralize by traditional advanced oxidation processes due to the strong electronegativity of chlorine. Here, a dual-site atomically dispersed catalyst (FeMoNC) is reported, which Fe/Mo supported on mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon is prepared through high-temperature migration. The FeMoNC exhibits a high dechlorination rate of 93.

Unveiling the Dual Active Sites of Ni/Co(OH)-Ru Heterointerface for Robust Electrocatalytic Alkaline Seawater Splitting.

Constructing bifunctional electrocatalysts through the synergistic effect of diverse metal sites is crucial for achieving high-efficiency and steady overall water splitting. Herein, a "dual-HER/OER-sites-in-one" strategy is proposed to regulate dominant active sites, wherein Ni/Co(OH)-Ru heterogeneous catalysts formed on nickel foam (NF) demonstrate remarkable catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) as well as hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Meanwhile, the potentials@10 mA cm of Ni/Co(OH)-Ru@NF for overall alkaline water and seawater splitting are only 1.

Donor-Interacting Arylated Carbazole Self-Assembled Monolayer Enables Highly Efficient and Stable Organic Photovoltaics.

Carbazole-derived self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are promising materials for hole-extraction layer (HEL) in conventional organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Here, a SAM Cbz-2Ph derived from 3,6-diphenylcarbazole is demonstrated. The large molecular dipole moment of Cbz-2Ph allows the modulation of electrode work function to facilitate hole extraction and maximize photovoltage, thus improving the OPV performance.

Site-Specific for CO Photoreduction with Single-Atom Ni on Strained TiO Derived from Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks.

The photocatalytic reduction of CO in water to produce fuels and chemicals is promising while challenging. However, many photocatalysts for accomplishing such challenging task usually suffer from unspecific catalytic active sites and the inefficient charge carrier's separation. Here, a site-specific single-atom Ni/TiO catalyst is reported by in situ topological transformation of Ni-Ti-EG bimetallic metal-organic frameworks.

Stress Release of Zincophilic N-Doped Carbon@Sn Composite on High-Curvature Surface of Zinc Foam for Dendrite-Free 3D Zinc Anode.

Commercial 3D zinc foam anodes with high deposition space and ion permeation have shown great potential in aqueous ion batteries. However, the local accumulated stress from its high-curvature surface exacerbates the Zn dendrite issue, leading to poor reversibility. Herein, we have employed zincophilic N-doped carbon@Sn composites (N-C@Sn) as nano-fillings to effectively release the local stress of high curvature surface of 3D Zn foams toward dendrite-free anode in aqueous zinc ion battery (AZIB).

Position Optimization of Bulky Tetraphenylsilane in Multiple Resonance Molecules for Highly Efficient Narrowband OLEDs.

Multiple resonance (MR)-type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have garnered significant interest due to their narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) and high electroluminescence efficiency. However, the planar structures and large singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔEs) characteristic of MR-TADF molecules pose challenges to achieving high-performance devices. Herein, two isomeric compounds, p-TPS-BN and m-TPS-BN, are synthesized differing in the connection modes between a bulky tetraphenylsilane (TPS) group and an MR core.

Target Discovery Driven by Chemical Biology and Computational Biology.

Target identification is crucial for drug screening and development because it can reveal the mechanism of drug action and ensure the reliability and accuracy of the results. Chemical biology, an interdisciplinary field combining chemistry and biology, can assist in this process by studying the interactions between active molecular compounds and proteins and their physiological effects. It can also help predict potential drug targets or candidates, develop new biomarker assays and diagnostic reagents, and evaluate the selectivity and range of active compounds to reduce the risk of off-target effects.

Interfacial Water Orientation in Neutral Oxygen Catalysis for Reversible Ampere-scale Zinc-air Batteries.

The neutral oxygen catalysis is an electrochemical reaction of the utmost importance in energy generation, storage application, and chemical synthesis. However, the restricted availability of protons poses a challenge to achieving kinetically favorable oxygen catalytic reactions. Here, we alter the interfacial water orientation by adjusting the Brønsted acidity at the catalyst surface, to break the proton transfer limitation of neutral oxygen electrocatalysis.

Ultrahigh-Selectivity Photocatalytic Upgrading of Bio-Aldehydes/Diols to Monoalcohols Via In Situ Circumventing Coupling Co-Products Over Janus Single-Atom Pd/TiO.

Photocatalytic transfer hydrogenation of biomass-derived aldehydes to alcohols often results in unwanted coupling co-products. Herein, an ultraselective hydrogen transfer system enabled by in situ oxidative C─C bond cleavage over a Janus single-atom palladium on titanium dioxide (0.5Pd/TiO) photocatalyst is presented.

Revealing the Principles of Confining Electroplated Lithium beneath the CVD Grown Single Layer 2D Materials.

Owing to the nanoscale thickness, excellent mechanical and chemical stabilities, 2D materials including graphene and hexagonal boron nitride have emerged as promising artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) candidates for lithium metal batteries. However, whether the implementation of 2D materials is beneficial to electrochemical performance remains controversial, and the key to confining the electroplated Li beneath the 2D materials remains elusive. Here, a nanocrystalline graphene (NG) film is synthesized on high-carbon Cu and the Li plating/stripping behavior on Cu grown with different 2D materials is investigated.

Nonvolatile Memory Device Based on the Ferroelectric Metal/Ferroelectric Semiconductor Junction.

The ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ) is a competitive candidate for post-Moore nonvolatile memories due to its low power consumption and nonvolatility, with its performance being strongly dependent on the conditions for contact between the ferroelectric material and the metal electrode. The development of two-dimensional materials in recent years has offered new opportunities such as functional metal layers, which is challenging for traditional FTJ systems. Here, we introduce the newly discovered ferroelectric metal WTe as the electrode to construct WTe/α-InSe/Au ferroelectric semiconductor junctions.

Beyond Inducing Anionic Redox: Controllable Migration Sequence of Li Ions in Transition Metal Layers Toward Highly Stable Li-Rich Cathodes.

The energy density of layered oxides of Li-ion batteries can be enhanced by inducing oxygen redox through replacing transition metal (TM) ions with Li ions in the TM layer. Undesirably, the cathodes always suffer from unfavorable structural degradation, which is closely associated with irreversible TM migration and slab gliding, resulting in continuous capacity and voltage decay. Herein, attention is paid to the Li ions in the TM layer (Li) and find their extra effects beyond inducing oxygen redox, which has been rarely mentioned.

Early Evaluation of the Interaction and Gender Differences in Combination of Apatinib and Metoprolol Using Humanized CYP2D6 Model.

Apatinib, a commonly used tyrosine kinase inhibitor in cancer treatment, can cause adverse reactions such as hypertension. Hypertension, in turn, can increase the risk of certain cancers. The coexistence of these diseases makes the use of combination drugs more common in clinical practice, but the potential interactions and regulatory mechanisms in these drug combinations are poorly understood.