Comprehensive analysis of the prognostic, immunological, and diagnostic roles of SIRT1 in pan-cancer and its validation in KIRC.

Background: Disturbances in DNA damage repair may lead to cancer. SIRT1, an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis through the regulation of processes such as histone posttranslational modifications, DNA repair, and cellular metabolism. However, a comprehensive exploration of SIRT1's involvement in pan-cancer remains lacking.

Deciphering hub genes and immune landscapes related to neutrophil extracellular traps in rheumatoid arthritis: insights from integrated bioinformatics analyses and experiments.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a microreticular structure formed after neutrophil death, have recently been implicated in RA pathogenesis and pathological mechanisms. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and key genes involved in NET formation in RA remain largely unknown.

Bibliometric analysis of metformin as an immunomodulator (2013-2024).

Background: Metformin, the frontline treatment for diabetes, has considerable potential as an immunomodulator; however, detailed bibliometric analyses on this subject are limited.

Methods: This study extracted 640 relevant articles from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection and conducted visual analyses using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace.

Results: The findings showed that research on the immunomodulatory function of metformin has grown steadily since 2017, with China and the United States being the leading contributors.

Pseudoprogression in CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumor: Case report.

We reported the pseudoprogression in an elderly patient with advanced gastric cancer after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy. The hepatic metastases enlarged 1 month after CAR-T cell infusion and then shrunk the next month as seen through computed tomography scanning. Based on a comprehensive evaluation that includes imaging, pathology, serum tumor markers, and clinical symptoms, we arrived at a diagnosis of pseudoprogression after CAR-T cell therapy, which has not been reported in previous studies.

Changes in hematoma volume following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and its impact on patient prognosis.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of preoperative intracerebral hematoma volume (HVpre), hematoma volume 6-8 days post-surgery (HVpost), and the rate of hematoma volume change (HVpre-HVpost)/HVpre on the prognosis of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Materials And Methods: CT imaging data from 62 aSAH patients admitted to our hospital's Neurosurgery Department between January 2022 and December 2023 were obtained, both preoperatively and 6-8 days postoperatively. The hematoma volumes were measured using 3D-Slicer.

Chlorfenapyr-related delayed rhabdomyolysis: a case series.

Introduction: Chlorfenapyr, a broad-spectrum insecticide and acaricide of the pyrrole-class pesticides, can induce dizziness, fatigue, profuse sweating, and altered consciousness by interfering with cell energy metabolism. However, chlorfenapyr-related rhabdomyolysis has rarely been reported.

Case Presentations: Patient 1 was a healthy 26-year-old man who ingested approximately 30 mL of chlorfenapyr.

Protocol for a Phase 2 randomized controlled patient-assessor blinded study: efficacy and safety of combined cortical and cerebellar dual-target transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of essential tremor.

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is the most common neurological movement disorder with few treatments and limited therapeutic efficacy, research into noninvasive and effective treatments is critical. Abnormal cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) loop function are thought to be significant pathogenic causes of ET, with the cerebellum and cortex are common targets for ET treatment. In recent years, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been recognized as a promising brain research technique owing to its noninvasive nature and safety.

Construction of a poor prognosis prediction and visualization system for intracranial aneurysm endovascular intervention treatment based on an improved machine learning model.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical utility of improved machine learning models in predicting poor prognosis following endovascular intervention for intracranial aneurysms and to develop a corresponding visualization system.

Methods: A total of 303 patients with intracranial aneurysms treated with endovascular intervention at four hospitals (FuShun County Zigong City People's Hospital, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Third People's Hospital of Yibin, The Sixth People's Hospital of Yibin) from January 2022 to September 2023 were selected. These patients were divided into a good prognosis group ( = 207) and a poor prognosis group ( = 96).

Metabolic changes of thalamus assessed by H-MRS spectroscopy in patients of cervical spondylotic myelopathy following decompression surgery.

Objective: To assess the changes of thalamic metabolites before and after surgery in patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM) using Hydrogen Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (H-MRS) and to investigate its association with improvement in neurological function.

Methods: Forty-eight CSM patients who underwent cervical decompression surgery from December 2022 to June 2023 were included, and 33 healthy volunteers were recruited. All subjects underwent bilateral thalamic H-MRS scans before the surgical procedure, and subsequently again 6 months later.

Prognostic analysis of endovascular mechanical thrombectomy in stroke patients with acute internal carotid artery obstruction based on circle of Willis variation.

Objective: Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (EVMT) is widely employed in patients with acute intracranial carotid artery occlusion (AIICAO). This study aimed to predict the outcomes of EVMT following AIICAO by utilizing anatomic classification of the circle of Willis and its relative position to the thrombus.

Methods: In this study, we retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 108 patients with AIICAO who underwent endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (EVMT) at Shaoxing People's Hospital.

Enriched rehabilitation on brain functional connectivity in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment.

Objective: This study aims to observe the effect of enrichment rehabilitation (ER) on cognitive function in post-stroke patients and to clarify its underlying mechanism.

Methods: Forty patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to two groups: conventional medical rehabilitation (CM group) and ER intervention (ER group). All patients underwent assessments of overall cognitive function, attention function, and executive function within 24 h before the start of training and within 24 h after the 8 weeks of training.

Changes in basic composition and digestive characteristics of pork induced by frozen storage.

Introduction: Frozen pork can reduce the quality of the meat and alter the digestibility and bioavailability of meat proteins in the human body. In this study, we investigated the changes in the basic composition during frozen storage and their effects on the structural properties of digestion products after protein digestion.

Methods: The impacts of frozen storage at different temperatures (-8, -18, -25, and -40°C) and for different times (1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months) on the basic components and digestive characteristics of pork were evaluated.

Best evidence summary for nutritional management of cancer patients with chyle leaks following surgery.

Background: Chyle leaks (CL) is a significant postoperative complication following lymph node dissection in cancer patients. Persistent CK is related to a series of adverse outcomes. Nutritional management is considered an effectively strategy that treat CL.

Potential role of gut-related factors in the pathology of cartilage in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common progressive degenerative disease. Gut microbiota (GM) and their metabolites have been closely associated with the onset, progression, and pathology of OA. GM and their metabolites may influence the cartilage directly, or indirectly by affecting the gut, the immune system, and the endocrine system.

Therapeutic potential of short-chain fatty acids for acute lung injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical animal studies.

Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), derived from the fermentation of dietary fiber by intestinal commensal bacteria, have demonstrated protective effects against acute lung injury (ALI) in animal models. However, the findings have shown variability across different studies. It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy of these treatments and their consistency.

Diet quality and physical activity affect metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, metabolic dysfunction and etiology-associated steatohepatitis, and compensated advanced chronic liver disease among United States adults: NHANES 2017-2020.

Background And Aim: Clinical data on the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction and etiology-associated steatohepatitis (MetALD) in a multi-ethnic U.S. population are limited.

Dietary patterns related to triglyceride glucose index and risk of type 2 diabetes: a large-scale cohort study.

Background: Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a credible and simple surrogate indicator for insulin resistance. The primary aim of this study was to novelly examine the associations between dietary patterns reflecting variations in circulating TyG index and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This study included 120,988 participants from the UK Biobank, all of whom completed multiple 24-h dietary assessments.

Wernicke encephalopathy in a patient with drug-induced liver failure: a case report.

Introduction: Wernicke encephalopathy is a metabolic disease mainly associated with vitamin B1 deficiency, which is common in chronic alcoholism. Non-alcoholic Wernicke encephalopathy is difficult for early diagnosis.

Case Presentation: One case involved a 62-year-old man who was admitted to hospital with drug-induced liver failure.

The effect of acute branched-chain amino acids ingestion on rate of force development in different time intervals: a controlled crossover study.

Background: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are widely used as sports nutrition supplements. However, their impact on the rate of force development (RFD), an indicator of explosive muscle strength, has not yet been validated. This study aimed to assess the impact of BCAA supplementation on the RFD in college basketball players during simulated games.

Composite dietary antioxidant index is inversely and nonlinearly associated with cardiovascular disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular mortality in people with dyslipidemia: evidence from NHANES 2001-2018.

Background: Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD). The composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI), an emerging measure of combined dietary antioxidant exposure, may provide insights into the relationship between diet and CVD/ASCVD outcomes. We aimed to explore the association between CDAI and the prevalence of CVD/ASCVD, as well as CVD mortality in individuals with dyslipidemia.

Artificial molecular motors in biological applications.

Molecular motors are the cornerstone for the maintenance of living systems and mediate almost all fundamental processes involved in cellular trafficking. The intricate mechanisms underlying natural molecular motors have been elucidated in detail, inspiring researchers in various fields to construct artificial systems with multi-domain applications. This review summarises the characteristics of molecular motors, biomimetic approaches for their design and operation, and recent biological applications.

Deciphering olfactory receptor binding mechanisms: a structural and dynamic perspective on olfactory receptors.

Olfactory receptors, classified as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), have been a subject of scientific inquiry since the early 1950s. Historically, investigations into the sensory mechanisms of olfactory receptors were often confined to behavioral characteristics in model organisms or the expression of related proteins and genes. However, with the development of cryo-electron microscopy techniques, it has gradually become possible to decipher the specific structures of olfactory receptors in insects and humans.

Butyrolactone I blocks the transition of acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease in mice by targeting JAK1.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease that affects more than 850 million people. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common cause of CKD, and blocking the AKI-CKD transition shows promising therapeutic potential. Herein, we found that butyrolactone I (BLI), a natural product, exerts significant nephroprotective effects, including maintenance of kidney function, inhibition of inflammatory response, and prevention of fibrosis, in both folic acid- and ureteral obstruction-induced AKI-CKD transition mouse models.

Neutrophil heterogeneity and plasticity: unveiling the multifaceted roles in health and disease.

Neutrophils, the most abundant circulating leukocytes, have long been recognized as key players in innate immunity and inflammation. However, recent discoveries unveil their remarkable heterogeneity and plasticity, challenging the traditional view of neutrophils as a homogeneous population with a limited functional repertoire. Advances in single-cell technologies and functional assays have revealed distinct neutrophil subsets with diverse phenotypes and functions and their ability to adapt to microenvironmental cues.

Hyperthermia suppresses the biological characteristics and migration of chicken primordial germ cells.

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) play a crucial role in transmitting genetic information to the next-generation. In chickens, genetically edited PGCs can be propagated and subsequently transplanted into recipient embryos to produce offspring with desired genetic traits. However, during early embryogenesis, the effects of external conditions on PGC migration through the vascular system to the gonads have yet to be explored, which may affect the efficiency of preparing gene-edited chickens.