Identification and information acquisition of high-value construction solid waste combined millimeter-wave radar and convolutional neural networks.

The accumulation of construction solid waste (CSW) leads to the waste of land resources and environmental pollution, becoming a significant social problem. Identifying the amount of high-value CSW is essential for assessing the value of accumulated CSW and formulating appropriate recycling strategies. With the development of machine learning technology, CSW recognition techniques combining image acquisition devices and convolutional neural networks have been widely applied.

The global, regional, and national late-life depression burden and trends from 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Late-life depression (LLD) represents a growing global public health concern. This study aimed to assess the worldwide burden of LLD using comprehensive data.

Methods: Leveraging the latest evidence from the Global Burden of Disease Study, we analyzed trends in LLD burden from 1990 to 2021, encompassing incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Machine learning and molecular subtyping reveal the impact of diverse patterns of cell death on the prognosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a significant factor in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and might serve as a crucial marker for predicting HCC prognosis and therapy response. However, the classification of HCC based on diverse PCD patterns requires further investigation. This study identified a novel molecular classification named PCD subtype (C1, C2, and C3) based on the genes associated with 19 PCD patterns, distinguished by clinical, biological functional pathways, mutations, immune characteristics, and drug sensitivity.

Fuzi decoction ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration through ferroptosis modulation by suppressing NF-κB pathway.

Background And Objectives: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a complex condition that necessitates the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of Fuzi decoction (FZD) in the treatment of IVDD by examining its bioactive components, target genes, molecular interactions, pathways, and therapeutic efficacy.

Methods: Bioactive ingredients with an oral bioavailability (OB) of ≥ 30 % and drug likeness (DL) of ≥ 0.

Eupalinolide B alleviates rheumatoid arthritis through the promotion of apoptosis and autophagy via regulating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK-1 signaling axis.

The excessive proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) leads to synovial hyperplasia, a key pathological hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eupalinolide B (EB), a sesquiterpene lactone of Eupatorium lindleyanum DC., has anti-inflammatory effects and anti-proliferative activity in tumor cells.

Glycolysis in asthma: Its role and potential as a diagnostic or therapeutic target.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. A number of immune cells are involved in asthma pathogenesis, such as eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes and neutrophils, as well as airway epithelial cells. Glycolysis plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism, and serves as a bridge between metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction.

Long non-coding RNA NRIR inhibits osteogenesis in peri-implantitis by promoting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated macrophage pyroptosis.

Background: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory bone disease that seriously affects the health of dental implants. Pyroptosis plays an important role in peri-implantitis and inhibition of pyroptosis may point out a new direction for treating the disease. The long non-coding RNA Negative Regulator of Interferon Response (lncRNA NRIR) is closely related to peri-implantitis and may be involved in the process of pyroptosis.

Novel bioactive peptides alleviate Western diet-induced MAFLD in C57BL/6J mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis via TLR4/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has emerged as a leading chronic liver disease. This condition is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fat within liver and can progress from simple steatosis to more severe stages involving chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects and underlying mechanism of novel bioactive peptides (EWYF and EWFY) on Western diet-induced MAFLD in C57BL/6J mice.

Evaluation of the safety and immune protection of OMPAC, PAPF, and EBPSs recombinant subunit vaccines Developed for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae in mice.

Bacterial mastitis in dairy cow is often caused by a combination of bacterial infections, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae. Currently, there is no effective vaccine against the disease. Therefore, we constructed a recombinant subunit vaccine by fusing gene fragments of E.

Auriculotherapy may help to reduce gastrointestinal reactions and improve quality of life post chemotherapy.

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of auriculotherapy in managing nausea and vomiting caused by platinum-based chemotherapy METHODS: 96 patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing platinum chemotherapy were randomly divided into three groups, with 32 patients in each group. The control group received conventional treatment, including 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonist and routine nursing care; the remaining two groups received additional auricular point sticking or ear scraping. The outcomes measured included the incidence and frequency of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting, severity of nausea, appetite, and quality of life function index 24 h and 5 d post chemotherapy.

Lignocellulose nanofiber-enhanced hydrogel electrolytes with lignin-Al in metal-based neutral deep eutectic solvent for flexible supercapacitors.

The mechanical flexibility and high conductivity of hydrogel electrolytes are crucial for their application in supercapacitors. In this study, we developed hydrogel electrolyte based on lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) through nanofibrillation and self-catalytic gelation in a glycerinum/choline chloride/aluminum chloride hexahydrate (Gly/ChCl/AlCl·6HO) metal-based neutral deep eutectic solvent (DES) system. The lignin-Al self-catalytic mechanism offered an eco-friendly and sustainable method for synthesizing hydrogel electrolytes, while enhancing their ionic conductivity.

Design and synthesis of fluorinated polyimides with low thermal expansion and enhanced dielectric properties.

Modern microelectronics industries urgently require dielectric materials with low thermal expansion coefficients, low dielectric constants, and minimal dielectric loss. However, the design principles of materials with low dielectric constants and low thermal expansion are contradictory. In this study, a new diamine monomer containing a dibenzocyclooctadiene unit (DBCOD-NH) was designed and synthesized, which was subsequently polymerized with high fluorine content 4,4'-hexafluoroisopr-opylidene diphthalic anhydride and 4,4'-diamino-2,2'-bis(trifleoromethyl)biphenyl to obtain a series of fluorinated polyimides (PIs).

Optimized Cerium vanadate catalytic host with simple heterostructure engineering achieving regulated polysulfide deposition for high-performance Lithium-Sulfur batteries under harsh conditions.

Meliorating the behavior deposition of lithium polysulfides (LiPS) is crucial for enhancing the electrochemical performance of sulfur cathodes, which could be implemented by the precise modulation on the catalytic host. Herein, heterostructure engineering is employed to tune up the catalytic capability of CeVO, by introducing CeO through a simple adjustment in the addition sequence of reactants. The formed CeVO/CeO heterostructure has been demonstrated to exhibit appropriate interaction strength with LiPS for accelerating the catalytic conversion process, as well as an engineered surface for inducing three dimensional (3D) LiS deposition, thereby endowing the corresponding sulfur cathodes with excellent electrochemical performance under harsh conditions.

Mn-doped MOF nanoparticles mitigating hypoxia via in-situ substitution strategy for dual-imaging guided combination treatment of microwave dynamic therapy and chemotherapy.

Microwave dynamic therapy (MWDT) destroy tumor cells using reactive oxygen species (ROS), but its effectiveness is limited by low ROS production and intracellular oxygen (O) availability. This study presents a novel strategy using manganese (II) ion (Mn) doped iron (Fe)-based metal-organic framework (Fe MOF) nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance both O generation and ROS production for improved MWDT. Incorporating Mn into Fe MOF narrows the bandgap from 0.

Foaming ink for 3D-printing of ultralight and hyperelastic graphene architectures: Multiscale design and ultra-efficient electromagnetic interference shielding.

Extrusion-based printing of macroscopic architectures layer-by-layer offers new opportunities for constructing customized electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. However, current research primarily focuses on improving the printability of material inks by increasing contents and adding various modifiers, controllable construction of ultralight and robust macro-architectures with structural design at both macro- and micro-scales is still challenging. Herein, we develop a graphene oxide foaming ink enriched with air bubbles for direct-ink writing, enabling the creation of macroscopic graphene architectures with arbitrary geometries.

Degradation of antibiotic pollutants and simultaneous CO capture over hollow MnO/light/peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-CaO system.

Antibiotic organic pollutants not only pose a significant threat to human health but also generate a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO) during the treatment process of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Herein, the antibiotics aqueous solution was firstly degraded and mineralized by light-assisted peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation over hollow manganese dioxide (MnO) catalyst and then the corresponding released CO was effectively captured by calcium oxide (CaO) particles in the same sealed reactor, achieving wastewater treatment with zero carbon releasing. Under simulated light conditions, hollow MnO is excited to generate electron-hole pairs.

On spectral bias reduction of multi-scale neural networks for regression problems.

In this paper, we derive diffusion equation models in the spectral domain to study the evolution of the training error of two-layer multiscale deep neural networks (MscaleDNN) (Cai and Xu, 2019; Liu et al., 2020), which is designed to reduce the spectral bias of fully connected deep neural networks in approximating oscillatory functions. The diffusion models are obtained from the spectral form of the error equation of the MscaleDNN, derived with a neural tangent kernel approach and gradient descent training and a sine activation function, assuming a vanishing learning rate and infinite network width and domain size.

Endpoint-aware audio-visual speech enhancement utilizing dynamic weight modulation based on SNR estimation.

Integrating visual features has been proven effective for deep learning-based speech quality enhancement, particularly in highly noisy environments. However, these models may suffer from redundant information, resulting in performance deterioration when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is relatively high. Real-world noisy scenarios typically exhibit widely varying noise levels.

Resting-state microstate dynamics abnormalities in children with ADHD and co-occurring sleep problems.

Objectives: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder often experience sleep problems, exacerbating symptoms, and cognitive deficits. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying such deficits remained unclear. This study aims to use resting-state microstate analysis to investigate the neurophysiological characteristics in children with ADHD and sleep problems and explore whether neurophysiological abnormalities are associated with sleep problems.

LAMB1 promotes proliferation and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and shapes the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment.

Objective: Laminin subunit Beta-1 (LAMB1), a component of the extracellular matrix, has been reported to be implicated in the development and progression of cancer. However, the role of LAMB1 in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) remains unknown.

Methods: Three NPC datasets were utilized to identify LAMB1 as a targeted gene.

CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in high-altitude hypobaric hypoxia-induced hearing impairment and hearing acclimatization.

Objective: High altitude hypobaric hypoxia can induce hearing impairment and hearing acclimatization, but few studies have been performed to decipher the potential transition between the two states. To decipher transition-related circular RNAs (circRNAs)-microRNAs (miRNAs)-messenger RNA (mRNAs) regulatory network.

Methods: Wistar rats were airlifted from plain to high altitude and maintained for 30 days and 60 days.

Gut microbiota as a new target for hyperuricemia: A perspective from natural plant products.

Background: Hyperuricemia, a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder caused by purine metabolism disturbances, is characterized by elevated serum uric acid (UA) levels. Prolonged hyperuricemia can cause severe complications such as gout or kidney damage. However, the toxic side effects of and adverse reactions to UA-lowering drugs are becoming increasingly prominent.

Saikosaponin D exacerbates acetaminophen-induced liver injury by sabotaging GABARAP-SNARE complex assembly in protective autophagy.

Background: Radix Bupleuri (RB) and acetaminophen (APAP) are two popular medications having potential hepatotoxicity and substantial risks of irrational co-administration and excessive use, posing an overlooked danger of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Autophagy is a protective mechanism against APAP-induced DILI, yet, saikosaponin d (SSd) in RB has been characterized to regulate autophagy, although the current findings are controversial.

Purpose: We aim to elucidate whether SSd promoted APAP-induced liver injury by regulating autophagy.

Light-up lipid droplets dynamic behaviors using rationally designed carbon dots.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are essential organelles used to store lipids and participate in cellular lipid metabolism. Imaging LDs is an intuitive approach to comprehend their biological functions. Herein, the LDs-targeted CDs (LD-CDs) featuring robust solvatochromic emission were elaborately designed by a Schiff base reaction using 1, 2-diamino-4-fluorobenzene, 3-dimethylaminophenol, and thiourea as precursors.