Vascular dysfunction in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.

Most patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) succumb to cardiovascular disease. Recent studies by Barettino et al., Cardoso et al.

Association between phosphate and 30-day in-hospital mortality in paediatric ICU: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Death rates in the intensive care unit (ICU) and paediatric ICU (PICU) are approximately 10.8% and 9.13%, respectively.

Trends and cross-country inequality in the incidence of GI cancers among the working-age population from 1990 to 2021: a Global Burden of Disease 2021 analysis.

Background: GI cancers pose an increasing global health burden, with their impact on the working-age population (WAP) aged 15-64 years remaining largely unexplored despite the crucial role of this group in societal and economic well-being.

Objective: To assess trends and cross-country inequality in the global burden of six GI cancers from 1990 to 2021 among individuals in the WAP.

Design: The 2021 Global Burden of Disease study dataset was used to obtain estimates of GI cancer incidence and 95% uncertainty intervals, including the number of cases, crude incidence rate and age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR).

Point-of-Care Potassium Measurement vs Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Electrocardiography for Hyperkalemia Detection.

Background: Hyperkalemia can be detected by point-of-care (POC) blood testing and by artificial intelligence- enabled electrocardiography (ECG). These 2 methods of detecting hyperkalemia have not been compared.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of POC and ECG potassium measurements for hyperkalemia detection in patients with critical illness.

Health-promoting lifestyles and influencing factors among pregnant women with urinary incontinence: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

Objective: Lifestyle modification is an important part of non-surgical treatment for urinary incontinence (UI) and is strongly recommended. This study aims to explore the status and influencing factors of health-promoting lifestyle among pregnant women with UI.

Design: A multicentre cross-sectional study.

Effects of head direction during prone position on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing thoracolumbar spine surgery: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Prone positioning with head rotation can influence cerebral haemodynamics, potentially affecting cerebral perfusion and oxygenation. Elderly patients with impaired brain perfusion and oxygenation are at an increased risk of developing postoperative delirium (POD). Despite this, few studies have explored whether head orientation during prone positioning contributes to POD in older adults, an aspect often overlooked by clinicians.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices among patients with impacted wisdom teeth towards teeth extraction in Jinan, Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of patients with impacted wisdom teeth towards tooth extraction, with the intention of identifying both gaps and opportunities for improved dental health education and practices.

Design: A cross-sectional study using a web-based questionnaire.

Setting: The study was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, and Jinan Stomatological Hospital.

Efficacy of esketamine for chronic post-thoracotomy pain: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Chronic post-thoracotomy pain (CPTP) is a persistent and disabling condition affecting a significant proportion of patients after thoracotomy and posing a challenge for clinicians, despite advances in surgical and pain management strategies. Esketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for various pain conditions, with evidence for its effectiveness in alleviating acute and chronic pain. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted to assess the efficacy of esketamine in treating CPTP, and evaluate its effectiveness in reducing pain intensity, improving functional outcomes, and reducing opioid consumption, as well as its adverse effects.

Management of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised-controlled trials.

Objectives: While multiple studies have shown the safety and efficacy of non-operative management, appendectomy remains the standard treatment for uncomplicated acute appendicitis (UAA). This study presents a protocol for a meta-analysis comparing antibiotic therapy, endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) and appendectomy in patients with UAA.

Methods And Analysis: We will conduct a systematic search of several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and the Cochrane Library.

The therapeutic effects of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells on Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD), characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra, has no disease-modifying therapy. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has shown great promise as a disease-modifying solution for PD. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSC (iMSC) not only has stronger neural repair function, but also helps solve the problem of MSC heterogeneity.

Coenzyme Q10 Alleviates Silicosis Fibrosis Inhibiting Ferroptosis in Mice.

Background/aim: Silicosis, the most severe type of occupational pneumoconiosis, leads to diffuse pulmonary fibrosis without specific therapy. Ferroptosis is triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Fe overload-induced lipid peroxidation, which is involved in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. As an important coenzyme in the process of aerobic respiration, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) can enhance mitochondrial function and energy supply and reduce malondialdehyde (MDA) to limit the risk of fibrosis.

Preclinical Assessment of Safety and Efficacy of Deferoxamine (DFO)-pretreated Feline Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of deferoxamine (DFO) pretreated feline adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (fATMSCs) for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.

Materials And Methods: fATMSCs were isolated from feline adipose tissue and characterized using flow cytometry for surface marker expression and differentiation assays for adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Different concentrations of DFO were used to evaluate its impact on fATMSC activity.

Impacts of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Genotypes on Hallux Valgus.

Background/aim: Hallux valgus (HV) is the most common deformity of the forefoot. Although HV has been strongly associated with a family history, its genetic underpinnings remain unclear. Few studies have examined the relationship between folic acid metabolism, which is critical in normal bone development, and HV.

Impact of DNA Ligase 1 Genotypes on Childhood Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Background/aim: Genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair mechanisms can modulate overall DNA repair capacity, potentially influencing individual susceptibility to cancer. This study investigated the relationship between polymorphic variations in DNA ligase 1 and the risk of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (cALL).

Materials And Methods: The genotypes of DNA ligase 1 rs20579 were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis.

Ventricular Discordance as an MRI Phenotype Provides Prognostic Value Among Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy.

Background: In arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM), left ventricle-dominant presentation has poorer outcomes than right-dominant presentation, suggesting that interventricular functional disparity might play a role in patients' prognosis. However, the prognostic impact of ventricular functional discordance in ACM patients remains unknown.

Purpose: To assess whether ventricular functional disparity measured as ventricular discordance index, defined as the ratio of right-ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) to left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), might reveal prognostic disparities between phenotypes and offer added risk stratification value.

Multicentre prospective, randomised open-label, endpoint-blinded study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of propranolol for the prevention of stroke-associated pneumonia in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (PROCHASE): rationale and design.

Background: Stroke-induced transient immune suppression is believed to contribute to post-stroke infections. The β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, propranolol, has been shown to prevent stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) via reversing post-stroke immunosuppression in preclinical studies and in retrospective analysis in stroke patients. However, whether propranolol can reduce the risk of SAP has not been tested in prospective, randomised controlled trials.

Alternating Oxaliplatin and Irinotecan Chemotherapy Combined With Capecitabine and Bevacizumab for Microsatellite-stable Stage IV Metastatic Colon Cancer With a BRAF V600E Mutation: Two Case Reports Indicating Survival Improvement over Standard Therapy.

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the third-highest incidence among human cancers. Advancements in chemotherapy and targeted therapy have improved the treatment outcomes for patients with CRC. However, the management of patients with unresectable metastatic CRC (mCRC) continues to be a significant challenge for clinicians worldwide, particularly for those with microsatellite stability (MSS) and the BRAF V600E mutation, as they are associated with the poorest prognosis.

SLC15A2 Serves as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Target for Prostate Cancer.

Background/aim: Solute carrier (SLC) family 15 member 2 (SLC15A2) is an integral member of the SLC family that plays a pivotal role in numerous biological processes, including the regulation of cellular signaling pathways. However, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains inadequately elucidated. This study aims to investigate the prognostic significance of SLC15A2 in PCa.

Circular RNA hsa_circ_0004650 Enhances 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Gastric Cancer Sponging miR-145-5p.

Background/aim: Chemotherapy based on 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) is the first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer (GC) patients. Importantly, 5-Fu resistance is recognized as a major obstacle for the successful treatment of GC. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs involved in the pathogenesis of GC.

Prognostic Relevance of Immunosuppressive CD155/TIGIT Signaling in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Background/aim: The CD155/TIGIT axis has recently emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic target in several malignancies. However, its prognostic relevance within the tumor microenvironment (TME) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who have received neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neoCRT) remains unclarified.

Materials And Methods: The levels of tumor CD155 and TIGIT T cells in pair-matched pre-neoCRT biopsies and post-neoCRT surgical tissues were evaluated in 110 LARC tissues using immunohistochemistry.

Eribulin Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD): Comparison With Other Cytotoxic Agents and Temporal Relationship of ICD Biomarkers.

Background/aim: Preclinical studies were undertaken to investigate whether eribulin's known cytotoxic antimitotic effects are characterized by immunogenic cell death (ICD) as assessed by three established ICD biomarkers: extracellular released ATP, released HMGB1 and cell surface calreticulin.

Materials And Methods: Using BT-549, Hs578T and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, antiproliferative IC's of eribulin, five other microtubule targeting agents (MTAs; ER-076349, vinblastine, vinorelbine, paclitaxel, docetaxel) and three DNA damaging agents (DDAs; doxorubicin, cisplatin, oxaliplatin) were determined.

Results: Treatment of cells with 10×IC concentrations of all drugs in serum-free media resulted in time-dependent induction of cytotoxicity over DMSO controls.

N Protein of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Proven to Be Antagonistic Against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Two phylogenetically unrelated viruses transmitted by different insect vectors, tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), are major threats to tomato and other vegetable production. Although co-infections of TSWV and TYLCV on the same host plant have been reported on numerous occasions, there is still lack of research attempting to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the relationship between two viruses when they coexist in the same tomato or other plants. After assessing the effect of four TSWV-coded proteins on suppressing TYLCV in TSWV N transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana seedlings, the TSWV N protein proved to be effective in reducing TYLCV quantity and viral symptoms.

Advances in research on the mechanism of tsRNA action in tumours.

tsRNA is a class of non-coding RNAs derived from mature or precursor tRNAs. In recent years, more and more studies have explored the correlation between tsRNAs and tumours. tsRNAs can affect the biological behaviours of tumour cells such as proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis by regulating gene expression, protein translation or post-transcriptional regulation.

CD147 mitochondria translocation induced airway remodeling in asthmatic mouse models by regulating M2 macrophage polarization via ANT1-mediated mitophagy.

CD147 has the potential to serve as a specific target with therapeutic characteristics in several respiratory diseases. Studies have demonstrated that CD147 regulates levels of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) through the process of mitochondrial translocations. However, there is still limited insight in the distinct mechanism of CD147 in asthmatic macrophages.

Causal Associations between Sleep Traits, Sleep Disorders, and Glioblastoma: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly aggressive brain tumor predominantly affecting individuals over 40, often co-occurs with sleep disorders. However, the causal relationship remains unclear. This study employed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the causal links between sleep traits/disorders and GBM.