Contrast-enhanced ultrasound-based AI model for multi-classification of focal liver lesions.

Background & Aims: Accurate multi-classification is the prerequisite for reasonable management of focal liver lesions (FLLs). Ultrasound is the common image examination, but lacks accuracy. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) offers better performance, but highly relies on experience.

Associations Between Prenatal Dioxin-like Polychlorinated Biphenyls Exposure and Glucocorticoid and Androgenic Hormones in Umbilical Cord Blood.

This study investigates the association between prenatal exposure to dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) and glucocorticoid and androgenic hormone levels in cord blood. We analyzed cord blood samples from 500 mother-infant pairs from China (2022-2023), focusing on hormones including cortisol, cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and androstenedione. The main analysis revealed significant reductions in cortisol levels with increased exposure to PCB-77 (β = -3.

Metagenomic deciphers the mobility and bacterial hosts of antibiotic resistance genes under antibiotics and heavy metals co-selection pressures in constructed wetlands.

Both antibiotics and heavy metals exert significant selection pressures on antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs). This study aimed to investigate the co-selection effects of doxycycline (DC) and cadmium (Cd) on ARGs in constructed wetlands (CWs). The results demonstrated that under antibiotic and heavy metal co-selection pressures, single high concentration DC/Cd or double high, relative abundances of metagenomics assembled genomes all reached 55.

Surface curvature-driven adsorption-reduction mechanism over hollow N-doped carbon enhances recovery of precious metal ions from wastewater.

The recovery of precious metal ions (PMI) from wastewater has great significances from both economic and environmental perspectives. However, current recovery methods face limitations, including low efficiency and selectivity, as well as challenges in practical applications. In this study, hollow N-doped carbon spheres (HNC) are proved to be promising for improving anionic AuCl and PdCl recovery via the curvature effect, outperforming non-curved carbon (commercial active carbon and carbon nanosheet) due to their unique curvature effect.

The mechanism of activity-controlled release of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl degradation by polystyrene microcapsulated nanoscale zero-valent iron.

Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is widely used for polychlorinated biphenyl (PBDE) remediation due to its cost-effectiveness and strong reduction capacity. However, its practical application is limited by poor stability, mobility, and antioxidant performance, as well as high reactivity that leads to side reactions and activity loss. To overcome these challenges, a poly(styrene)-encapsulated nZVI (PS-nZVI) core-shell structure was developed using dispersion polymerization.

Reduced soil ecosystem multifunctionality is associated with altered complexity of the bacterial-fungal interkingdom network under salinization pressure.

Salinization processes profoundly impact soil quality and health, altering physical structure, chemical composition, and biological activity, particularly concerning soil microbial populations. Microbial communities play a pivotal role in maintaining soil ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF). Understanding the response of microbial communities to salinity stress is crucial for sustainable soil management and enhancing ecosystem resilience in arid and semi-arid regions.

Development and application of a machine learning-based antenatal depression prediction model.

Background: Antenatal depression (AND), occurring during pregnancy, is associated with severe outcomes. However, there is a lack of objective and universally applicable prediction methods for AND in clinical practice. We leveraged sociodemographic and pregnancy-related data to develop and validate a machine learning-based AND prediction model.

KGF impedes TRIM21-enhanced stabilization of keratin 10 mediating differentiation in hypopharyngeal cancer.

KGF, also known as FGF7, is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family that binds with high affinity to the FGF receptor 2b (FGFR2b) and regulates various cellular processes, including cell proliferation and differentiation in a variety of tumors. However, its potential role in hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) remains largely unknown. In our study, we observed increased expression of FGFR2b in HPC.

Astaxanthin-loaded polylactic acid-glycolic acid nanoparticles alleviates atherosclerosis by suppressing macrophage ferroptosis via the NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway.

Background: Astaxanthin (ASX), a fat-soluble carotenoid mainly sourced from Haematococcus pluvialis, shows promise for clinical applications in chronic inflammatory diseases. This study investigates whether ASX can mitigate atherosclerosis (AS) by modulating macrophage ferroptosis and provides astaxanthin-loaded polylactic acid-glycolic acid nanoparticles (ASX-PLGA NPs) as comparison.

Method: ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet with ASX or statin intervention.

Host-derived Pediococcus acidilactici B49: a promising probiotic for immunomodulation and disease control in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Finding effective alternatives to antibiotics is crucial for sustainable aquaculture. Host-derived probiotics have great potential as a promising alternative to antibiotics for immune regulation and disease control in fish farming. However, limited research exists regarding the application of native probiotics in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Huaier inhibits the proliferation and migration of gastrointestinal stromal tumors by regulating the JAK2 / STAT3 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the digestive tract, often accompanied by a high risk of recurrence and drug resistance. Huaier (Trametes robiniophila Murr), a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus, has demonstrated potent anticancer properties and is widely used as an adjuvant treatment for liver, breast, gastric, colon, and non-small cell lung cancers. However, its effects and molecular mechanisms in GIST remain unclear.

No Difference in Outcomes with Early vs. Late Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Term PROM: A Multi-Center Analysis.

Background: While guidelines suggest administering antibiotics 12 to 18 hours after the rupture of membranes in term premature rupture of membranes (PROM) women, in practice, clinicians tend to initiate prophylactic antibiotics as soon as possible to avoid risk of infection.

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether early administration of prophylactic antibiotics for term premature rupture of membranes reduces the incidence of maternal and neonatal infections.

Study Design: This multi-center, prospective cohort study included women with term premature rupture of membranes.

Insights into the functional mechanisms of the sesquiterpene synthase GEAS and GERDS in lavender.

Lavenders are economically significant plants cultivated worldwide for their essential oils (EOs) containing sesquiterpenes. These EOs contribute to the cosmetic, personal hygiene, and pharmaceutical industries. The biosynthesis of lavender sesquiterpenes involves enzymes like sesquiterpene synthases GEAS and GERDS.

Fully biobased and robust antibacterial cellulose aerogel for uranium extraction.

Developing efficient adsorbent is imperative for the utilization of uranium resources in seawater. Marine microorganisms and bacteria play an important role in the process of adsorption of uranium. In this work, a completely bio-based antimicrobial aerogel (quaternary cellulose/chitosan aerogel-QCNF/CS) was prepared by cross-linking quaternary cellulose nanofibers (QCNF) and chitosan (CS) via citric acid (CA).

Genetic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of the cotton yellow anther trait.

In the fiber industry, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important crop. One of the most important morphology traits of plants is the color of the anthers, is closely related to pollen fertility and stress resistance.

Acanthopanax seeds polysaccharide improve alcoholic fatty liver disease through the gut-liver axis.

Naturally derived polysaccharides regulate gut microbiota structure via the gut-liver axis to ameliorate Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD). Acanthopanax seeds are abundant in polysaccharides; however, whether Acanthopanax seed polysaccharides (ASP) improve AFLD through the gut-liver axis remains unclear. In this study, ASP was extracted using ultrasonic-assisted extraction, followed by structural characterization and monosaccharide composition analysis.

Silver nanoparticle-loaded Konjac Glucomannan/silk fibroin composite hydrogels for enhanced wound healing.

Hydrogel dressings with good biocompatibility and extracellular matrix mimetic structure are important for the treatment of skin wounds. In this study, antimicrobial silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) loaded with konjac glucomannan and silk fibroin (KGM/SF) composite hydrogel were used as a dressing for wound healing. The uniform distribution of Ag NPs on the surface of the hydrogels imparts excellent antibacterial properties to KGM/SF composite hydrogels.

MVGNN-PPIS: A novel multi-view graph neural network for protein-protein interaction sites prediction based on Alphafold3-predicted structures and transfer learning.

Protein-protein interactions (PPI) are crucial for understanding numerous biological processes and pathogenic mechanisms. Identifying interaction sites is essential for biomedical research and targeted drug development. Compared to experimental methods, accurate computational approaches for protein-protein interaction sites (PPIS) prediction can save significant time and costs.

MGST1 overexpression ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury after heart transplantation.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis play crucial roles in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) following heart transplantation. Microsomal glutathione s transferase 1 (MGST1) is widely distributed in mitochondria and has a protective effect against ferroptosis, and its involvement in myocardial I/R injury has not yet been elucidated. In this study, donor hearts from C57BL/6 male mice were subjected to 12 h of ex-vivo cold ischemia treatment and transplanted into the abdomen of recipient mice for 24 h of reperfusion.

One-step green synthesis durable flame-retardant, antibacterial and dyeable cellulose fabrics with a recyclable deep eutectic solvent.

The development of cellulose fabrics with good flame retardancy and durability has been a primary concern for in firefighting clothing. A recyclable ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) was used to prepare surface ammonium phosphate-modified cellulose fabrics (SACF). The incorporation of ammonium phosphate groups notably enhanced the durable flame retardancy of cellulose fabrics.

The effects of occupational aluminum exposure on blood pressure and blood glucose in workers - a longitudinal study in northern China.

Background: Trace element and metal exposure is closely related to the occurrence of chronic diseases, particularly affecting blood pressure and blood glucose. Current studies suggest that heavy metal exposure is a risk factor for hypertension and diabetes. Aluminum can enter the human body through daily life and occupational exposure from food, environment, drugs, and other sources, affecting the cardiovascular, endocrine, and other systems.

Identify and analyze ferroptosis-related molecular modules and immune signatures in epilepsy using microarray-based transcriptome profiling and single-cell sequencing.

Currently, the pathogenesis of epilepsy remains poorly understood. Although there is evidence indicating that iron death might play a significant role, its molecular immunological mechanisms are largely unknown. This study was designed to analyze and explore the molecular mechanisms and immunological characteristics of iron death-related genes in epilepsy.

Genome-wide identification of 1R-MYB transcription factors family and functional characterization of TrMYB130 under drought stresses in Trifolium repens (L.).

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a high-quality leguminous forage, but its short rooting habit, poor transpiration tolerance, and drought tolerance, have become a key factor restricting its growth and cultivation. 1R-MYB transcription factors (TFs) are a significant subfamily of TFs in plants, playing a vital role in regulating plant responses to drought stress, however, knowledge about the role of 1R-MYB transcription factors in white clover is still limited.

Bisphenol F induces spermatogenic cell ferroptosis via FTO-mediated m6A regulation of FTH1.

Bisphenol F (BPF) has become a new risk factor for male semen quality, but its specific mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, this study explored the potential mechanism of BPF affecting male semen quality from the perspective of ferroptosis and m6A RNA methylation. In vivo experiments showed that BPF destroyed the structure of seminiferous tubules, reduced the layers of spermatogenic cells, and reduced semen quality in mice.

Identification of a Novel Cuproptosis Inducer That Induces ER Stress and Oxidative Stress to Trigger Immunogenic Cell Death in Tumors.

Cuproptosis, a copper-dependent form of regulated cell death, has been implicated in the progression and treatment of various tumors. The copper ionophores, such as Disulfiram (DSF), an FDA-approved drug previously used to treat alcohol dependence, have been found to induce cuproptosis. However, the limited solubility and effectiveness of the combination of DSF and copper ion restrict its widespread application.