Puerarin pretreatment provides protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibiting excessive autophagy and apoptosis by modulation of HES1.

The study aimed to elucidate the underlying pharmacological mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine Pue in ameliorating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), a critical clinical challenge exacerbated by reperfusion therapy. In vivo MIRI and in vitro anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) models were constructed. The results demonstrated that Pue pretreatment effectively alleviated MIRI, as manifested by diminishing the levels of serum CK-MB and LDH, mitigating the extent of myocardial infarction and enhancing cardiac functionality.

Mediators of the association between nut consumption and cardiovascular diseases: a two-step mendelian randomization study.

Previous observational studies have reported inconsistent associations between nut consumption and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aims to identify the causal relationship between different types of nuts consumption and CVD, and to quantify the potential mediating effects of cardiometabolic factors. We utilized Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data to assess the causal effects of nut consumption on CVD using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and a two-step MR analysis.

Improved estimation of carbon dioxide and methane using machine learning with satellite observations over the Arabian Peninsula.

Estimating spatiotemporal maps of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is important for understanding climate change and developing mitigation strategies. However, current methods face challenges, including the coarse resolution of numerical models, and gaps in satellite data, making it essential to improve the spatiotemporal estimation of GHGs. This study aims to develop an advanced technique to produce high-fidelity (1 km) maps of CO and CH over the Arabian Peninsula, a highly vulnerable region to climate change.

Microstructure and properties of joint of Al/Cu welded by resistance element welding with an auxiliary gasket of Ni.

A rivet of aluminum and auxiliary gasket of nickel were adopted to weld A1060 aluminum plate and T2 copper plate using resistance element welding. The interfacial microstructure was analyzed and the tensile shear load of the joint was tested. A layer of AlCu and the eutectic structure of AlCu and (Al) were formed in the interfacial zone of Al/Cu.

Development and validation of a new nomogram for self-reported OA based on machine learning: a cross-sectional study.

Developing a new diagnostic prediction model for osteoarthritis (OA) to assess the likelihood of individuals developing OA is crucial for the timely identification of potential populations of OA. This allows for further diagnosis and intervention, which is significant for improving patient prognosis. Based on the NHANES for the periods of 2011-2012, 2013-2014, and 2015-2016, the study involved 11,366 participants, of whom 1,434 reported a diagnosis of OA.

Unveiling nature's antidiabetic potential in Berberis orthobotrys seeds for alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

To illustrate the anti-diabetic properties of Berberis orthobotrys seeds was the aim of the current study. After a series of experiments, two doses of aqueous methanolic extract of the seeds were selected i.e.

Self-compassion as a mediator of attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and complex PTSD in college students with adverse childhood experiences.

Given the significant prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and their detrimental impact on mental health, this study examines the relationship between attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) among college students with ACEs, emphasizing the mediating role of self-compassion (SC). A sample of 32,388 students from Kunming, China completed a survey including the Revised Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACEQ-R), the Adult Attachment Scale (AAS), the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF). Among the participants, 3,896 reported at least one ACE.

Glycosylation gene expression profiles enable prognosis prediction for colorectal cancer.

This study developed a prognostic model for patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) based on glycosylation-associated genes. By analyzing TCGA-COAD data, 110 key genes were identified, and a prognostic model incorporating five glycosylation-related genes was constructed. The model exhibits good predictive performance and is significantly associated with clinical features such as age, N stage, M stage, and lymph node count.

Analysis of full length transcriptome and resistance characteristics of Atraphaxis bracteata under drought.

Drought is one of the main environmental factors affecting plant survival and growth. Atraphaxis bracteata is a common desert plant mainly utilized in afforestation and desertification control. This study analyzed the morphological, physiological and molecular regulatory characteristics of different organs of A.

Gain-of-function ANXA11 mutation cause late-onset ALS with aberrant protein aggregation, neuroinflammation and autophagy impairment.

Mutations in the ANXA11 gene, encoding an RNA-binding protein, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the underlying in vivo mechanisms remain unclear. This study examines the clinical features of ALS patients harboring the ANXA11 hotspot mutation p.P36R, characterized by late-onset motor neuron disease and occasional multi-system involvement.

Nanobody-based indirect competitive ELISA for the detection of aflatoxin M1 in dairy products.

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic and poses a serious threat to food safety and human health, which makes its surveillance critical. In this study, an indirect competitive ELISA (icELISA) based on a nanobody (Nb M4) was developed for the sensitive and rapid detection of AFM1 in dairy products. In our previous work, Nb M4 was screened from a Bactrian-camel-immunized phage-displayed library.

Rnd3 protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through inhibition of PANoptosis in a Rock1/Drp1/mitochondrial fission-dependent manner.

Doxorubicin, a representative drug of the anthracycline class, is widely used in cancer treatment. However, Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) presents a significant challenge in its clinical application. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in DIC, primarily through disrupting mitochondrial dynamics.

Hotspots of genetic change in Yersinia pestis.

The relative contributions of mutation rate variation, selection, and recombination in shaping genomic variation in bacterial populations remain poorly understood. Here we analyze 3318 Yersinia pestis genomes, spanning nearly a century and including 2336 newly sequenced strains, to shed light on the patterns of genetic diversity and variation distribution at the population level. We identify 45 genomic regions ("hot regions", HRs) that, although comprising a minor fraction of the genome, are hotbeds of genetic variation.

ALDOA contributes to colorectal tumorigenesis and metastasis by targeting YAP.

Metabolic reprogramming is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer in which cancer cells reprogram some of their metabolic cascades, mostly driven by the specific chemical microenvironment in cancer tissues. The altered metabolic pathways are increasingly being considered as potential targets for cancer therapy. In this view, Aldolase A (ALDOA), a key glycolytic enzyme, has been validated as a candidate oncogene in several cancers.

Prevalence and molecular characteristics of colistin-resistant isolates among carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Central South China: a multicenter study.

Background: The emergence of colistin resistance in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a significant public health concern, as colistin has been the last resort for treating such infections. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of colistin-resistant CRKP isolates in Central South China.

Methods: CRKP isolates from twelve hospitals in Central South China were screened for colistin resistance using broth microdilution.

Hierarchically aligned heterogeneous core-sheath hydrogels.

Natural materials with highly oriented heterogeneous structures are often lightweight but strong, stiff but tough and durable. Such an integration of diverse incompatible mechanical properties is highly desired for man-made materials, especially weak hydrogels which are lack of high-precision structural design. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of hierarchically aligned heterogeneous hydrogels consisting of a compactly crosslinked sheath and an aligned porous core with alignments of nanofibrils at multi-scales by a sequential self-assembly assisted salting out method.

CXCL8 modulates M0 macrophage proliferation and polarization to influence tumor progression in cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer (CESC) presents significant clinical challenges due to its complex tumor microenvironment (TME) and varied treatment responses. This study identified undifferentiated M0 macrophages as high-risk immune cells critically involved in CESC progression. Co-culture experiments further demonstrated that M0 macrophages significantly promoted HeLa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, underscoring their pivotal role in modulating tumor cell behavior within the TME.

On-site biosignal amplification using a single high-spin conjugated polymer.

On-site or in-sensor biosignal transduction and amplification can offer several benefits such as improved signal quality, reduced redundant data transmission, and enhanced system integration. Ambipolar organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are promising for this purpose due to their high transconductance, low operating voltage, biocompatibility, and suitability for miniaturized amplifier design. However, limitations in material performance and stability have hindered their application in biosignal amplification.

Pointer meters recognition method in the wild based on innovative deep learning techniques.

This study presents a novel approach to identifying meters and their pointers in modern industrial scenarios using deep learning. We developed a neural network model that can detect gauges and one or more of their pointers on low-quality images. We use an encoder network, jump connections, and a modified Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to detect gauge panels and pointer keypoints in images.

Prediction of pulmonary embolism by an explainable machine learning approach in the real world.

In recent years, large amounts of researches showed that pulmonary embolism (PE) has become a common disease, and PE remains a clinical challenge because of its high mortality, high disability, high missed and high misdiagnosed rates. To address this, we employed an artificial intelligence-based machine learning algorithm (MLA) to construct a robust predictive model for PE. We retrospectively analyzed 1480 suspected PE patients hospitalized in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between May 2015 and April 2020.

Jianwei Xiaoshi oral liquid attenuates high-calorie diet-induced dyspepsia in immature rats via regulating the pancreatic secretion pathway and maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota.

Background: Jianwei Xiaoshi oral liquid (JWXS), a classical traditional prescription comprising various edible medicinal plants, has demonstrated significant efficacy in treating paediatric indigestion. It originates from Jianpi Pill, which is developed in the Ming Dynasty and nourishes the spleen and regulates gastrointestinal function. However, the specific molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear.

The global implications of a Russian gas pivot to Asia.

Recent years have seen unprecedented shifts in global natural gas trade, precipitated in large part by Russia's war on Ukraine. How this regional conflict impacts the future of natural gas markets is subject to three interconnected factors: (i) Russia's strategy to regain markets for its gas exports; (ii) Europe's push towards increased liquified natural gas (LNG) and the pace of its low carbon transition; and (iii) China's gas demand and how it balances its climate and energy security objectives. A scenario modelling approach is applied to explore the potential implications of this geopolitical crisis.

Earthworm inspired lubricant self-pumping hydrogel with sustained lubricity at high loading.

The development of mechanically robust super-lubrication hydrogel materials with sustained lubricity at high contact pressures is challenging. In this work, inspired by the durable lubricity feature of the earthworm epidermis, a multilevel structural super-lubrication hydrogel (MS-SLH) system, the so-called lubricant self-pumping hydrogel, is developed. The MS-SLH system is manufactured by chemically dissociating a double network hydrogel to generate robust and wrinkled lubrication layer, and then laser etching was used to generate cylindrical texture pores as gland-like pockets for storing lubricants.

Rapid and accurate multi-phenotype imputation for millions of individuals.

Deep phenotyping can enhance the power of genetic analysis, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but the occurrence of missing phenotypes compromises the potential of such resources. Although many phenotypic imputation methods have been developed, the accurate imputation of millions of individuals remains challenging. In the present study, we have developed a multi-phenotype imputation method based on mixed fast random forest (PIXANT) by leveraging efficient machine learning (ML)-based algorithms.

Two-dimensional cell membrane chromatography guided screening of myocardial protective compounds from Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule.

Background: Cell membrane chromatography (CMC) is a biochromatography with a dual function of recognition and separation, offering a distinct advantage in screening bioactive compounds from Chinese medicines (CMs). Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule (YD), a CM formulation, has been widely utilized in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. However, a comprehensive mapping of the myocardial protective active compounds remains elusive.