Evolutionary origins and functional diversification of Auxin Response Factors.

The Auxin Response Factors (ARFs) family of transcription factors are the central mediators of auxin-triggered transcriptional regulation. Functionally different classes of extant ARFs operate as antagonistic auxin-dependent and -independent regulators. While part of the evolutionary trajectory to the present auxin response functions has been reconstructed, it is unclear how ARFs emerged, and how early diversification led to functionally different proteins.

A deep transfer learning based convolution neural network framework for air temperature classification using human clothing images.

Weather recognition is crucial due to its significant impact on various aspects of daily life, such as weather prediction, environmental monitoring, tourism, and energy production. Several studies have already conducted research on image-based weather recognition. However, previous studies have addressed few types of weather phenomena recognition from images with insufficient accuracy.

Ampere-level reduction of pure nitrate by electron-deficient Ru with K ions repelling effect.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction offers a sustainable and efficient pathway for ammonia synthesis. Maintaining satisfactory Faradaic efficiency for long-term nitrate reduction under ampere-level current density remains challenging due to the inevitable hydrogen evolution, particularly in pure nitrate solutions. Herein, we present the application of electron deficiency of Ru metals to boost the repelling effect of counter K ions via the electric-field-dependent synergy of interfacial water and cations, and thus largely promote nitrate reduction reaction with a high yield and well-maintained Faradaic efficiency under ampere-level current density.

Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and major adverse cardiovascular events in ACS patients undergoing PCI.

The triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio has been consistently linked with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Nevertheless, there is a paucity of studies focusing on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or experiencing bleeding events. The study encompassed 17,643 ACS participants who underwent PCI.

Increased expression of plasma mir-9-3p and let-7b-3p in methamphetamine use disorder and its clinical significance.

Methamphetamine use disorder has emerged as a significant public health concern globally. This study endeavors to elucidate the alterations in expression changes of miRNAs in the plasma of methamphetamine use disorder and elucidate the alterations in miRNA expression in the plasma of individuals with methamphetamine use disorder and investigate the relationship between these differentially expressed miRNAs and the disorder itself, cravings for methamphetamine, and associated mental disorders. Furthermore, the study seeks to clarify the expression of downstream target molecules of specific miRNAs in the plasma of methamphetamine use disorder, assess the diagnostic utility of these miRNAs and their target molecules, explore their potential as biomarkers, and identify potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of methamphetamine use disorder.

Effect of selective dorsal rhizotomy on bladder dysfunction in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

This study investigated the prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in children with spastic cerebral palsy (SCP) and evaluated the effect of selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) in alleviating these symptoms. The study also explored the correlation between postoperative LUTS improvement and intraoperative electrophysiological findings. Prospective data were collected from a consecutive cohort of 247 children with SCP who underwent SDR and were retrospectively analyzed.

Global emissions of polychlorinated naphthalenes from 1912 to 2050.

Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are persistent organic compounds that are regulated by the Stockholm Convention. Here, we estimate historical emissions from PCN production and use (1912-1987) and unintentional emissions from 20 categories (2000-2020). A random forest regression model projects emissions for 2020-2050.

Orientation-selective spin-polarized edge states in monolayer NiI.

Spin-polarized edge states in two-dimensional materials hold promise for spintronics and quantum computing applications. Constructing stable edge states by tailoring two-dimensional semiconductor materials with bulk-boundary correspondence is a feasible approach. Recently layered NiI is suggested as a two-dimensional type-II multiferroic semiconductor with intrinsic spiral spin ordering and chirality-induced electric polarization.

A novel hybrid model by integrating TCN with TVFEMD and permutation entropy for monthly non-stationary runoff prediction.

Accurate prediction of runoff is of great significance for rational planning and management of regional water resources. However, runoff presents non-stationary characteristics that make it impossible for a single model to fully capture its intrinsic characteristics. Enhancing its precision poses a significant challenge within the area of water resources management research.

Surface enzyme-polymerization endows Janus hydrogel tough adhesion and regenerative repair in penetrating orocutaneous fistulas.

Penetrating orocutaneous or oropharyngeal fistulas (POFs), severe complications following unsuccessful oral or oropharyngeal reconstruction, remain complex clinical challenges due to lack of supportive tissue, contamination with saliva and chewed food, and dynamic oral environment. Here, we present a Janus hydrogel adhesive (JHA) with asymmetric functions on opposite sides fabricated via a facile surface enzyme-initiated polymerization (SEIP) approach, which self-entraps surface water and blood within an in-situ formed hydrogel layer (RL) to effectively bridge biological tissues with a supporting hydrogel (SL), achieving superior wet-adhesion and seamless wound plugging. The tough SL hydrogel interlocked with RL dissipates energy to withstand external mechanical stimuli from continuous oral motions like chewing and swallowing, thus reducing stress-induced damage.

Toward mechanistic understanding of wettability alteration in carbonate rocks in the presence of nanoparticles, gelatin biopolymer, and core-shell nanocomposite of FeO@gelatin.

Because a significant portion of oil remains in carbonate reservoirs, efficient techniques are essential to increase oil recovery from carbonate reservoirs. Wettability alteration is crucial for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from oil-wet reservoirs. This study investigates the impact of different substances on the wettability of dolomite and calcite rocks.

Analysis of bulletproof performance of structurally optimized ceramic composite armor through numerical simulation and live fire test.

This work aims to address key issues in the ballistic performance of ceramic-based composite armor, particularly at the joints of spliced ​​bulletproof panels. The edge structure of C/C-SiC ceramic plates and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is redesigned to superimpose the joint areas. These structurally optimized composite pads are examined by numerical simulation of impact dynamics to understand their anti-penetration performance whose accuracy is then validated by live fire tests.

Epidemiological characteristics of elderly osteoporosis fractures and their association with air pollutants: a multi-center study in Hebei Province.

To investigate the population distribution characteristics of elderly osteoporosis fracture patients in Hebei Province and analyze the effects of air pollutants on elderly osteoporosis fractures, We retrospectively collected 18,933 cases of elderly osteoporosis fractures from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022, from four hospitals in Hebei Province. The average age was 76.44 ± 7.

A lightweight and precision dual track 1D and 2D feature fusion convolutional network for machinery equipment fault diagnosis.

Addressing the issues of a single-feature input channel structure, scarcity of training fault data, and insufficient feature learning capabilities in noisy environments for intelligent diagnostic models of mechanical equipment, we propose a method based on a one-dimensional and two-dimensional dual-channel feature information fusion convolutional neural network (1D_2DIFCNN). By constructing a one-dimensional and two-dimensiona dual-channel feature information fusion convolutional network and introducing a Convolutional Block Attention Mechanism, we utilize Random Overlapping Sampling Technique to process raw vibration signals. The model takes as inputs both one-dimensional data and two-dimensional Continuous Wavelet Transform images.

Effect of Ni/Sn ratio on microstructure and properties of Cu-Ni-Sn-P alloy.

Cu-1.33Ni-1.35Sn-0.

Transforming an azaarene into the spine of fusedbicyclics via cycloaddition-induced scaffold hopping of 5-Hydroxypyrazoles.

Skeleton editing for heteroarenes, especially pyrazoles, is challenging and remains scarce because these non-strained aromatics exhibit inert reactivities, making them relatively inactive for performing a dearomatization/cleavage sequence. Here, we disclose a cycloaddition-induced scaffold hopping of 5-hydroxypyrazoles to access the pyrazolopyridopyridazin-6-one skeleton through a single-operation protocol. By converting a five-membered aza-arene into a five-unit spine of a 6/6 fused-bicyclic, this work unlocks a ring-opening reactivity of the pyrazole core that involves a formal C = N bond cleavage while retaining the highly reactive N-N bond in the resulting product.

Fast and sensitive multivalent spatial pattern-recognition for circular RNA detection.

While circular RNAs (circRNAs) exhibit lower abundance compared to corresponding linear RNAs, they demonstrate potent biological functions. Nevertheless, challenges arise from the low concentration and distinctive structural features of circRNAs, rendering existing methods operationally intricate and less sensitive. Here, we engineer an intelligent tetrahedral DNA framework (TDF) possessing precise spatial pattern-recognition properties with exceptional sensing speed and sensitivity for circRNAs.

Genome-scale metabolic modelling reveals interactions and key roles of symbiont clades in a sponge holobiont.

Sponges harbour complex microbiomes and as ancient metazoans and important ecosystem players are emerging as powerful models to understand the evolution and ecology of symbiotic interactions. Metagenomic studies have previously described the functional features of sponge symbionts, however, little is known about the metabolic interactions and processes that occur under different environmental conditions. To address this issue, we construct here constraint-based, genome-scale metabolic networks for the microbiome of the sponge Stylissa sp.

Robust multi-source geographic entities matching by maximizing geometric and semantic similarity.

Geographic entity matching is an important means for multi-source spatial data fusion and information association and sharing. Corresponding matching methods have been designed by existing studies for different types of entity data characteristics, such as line and area. However, these approaches are often limited in the generalization ability for matching heterogeneous data from multiple sources and the accuracy for complex pattern matching.

Pseudolabel guided pixels contrast for domain adaptive semantic segmentation.

Semantic segmentation is essential for comprehending images, but the process necessitates a substantial amount of detailed annotations at the pixel level. Acquiring such annotations can be costly in the real-world. Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) for semantic segmentation is a technique that uses virtual data with labels to train a model and adapts it to real data without labels.

Footprint-C reveals transcription factor modes in local clusters and long-range chromatin interactions.

The proximity ligation-based Hi-C and derivative methods are the mainstream tools to study genome-wide chromatin interactions. These methods often fragment the genome using enzymes functionally irrelevant to the interactions per se, restraining the efficiency in identifying structural features and the underlying regulatory elements. Here we present Footprint-C, which yields high-resolution chromatin contact maps built upon intact and genuine footprints protected by transcription factor (TF) binding.

Recent methane surges reveal heightened emissions from tropical inundated areas.

Record breaking atmospheric methane growth rates were observed in 2020 and 2021 (15.2±0.5 and 17.

Research on correlation analysis and multivariate nonlinear regression modeling method for the tensile properties of mugwort petiole.

The defoliation quality of mugwort defoliation equipment is an important factor to measure the defoliation efficiency, and the tensile properties of mugwort petiole will have an impact on the defoliation quality, such as the crushing rate and the abscission rate. In order to reduce the crushing rate and improve the abscission rate during mechanical harvesting of mugwort leaves, the tensile properties of mugwort petiole need to be studied. The tensile properties of mugwort petiole are closely related to its macroscopic and microscopic physicochemical parameters.

Enhanced NSGA-II algorithm based on novel hybrid crossover operator to optimise water supply and ecology of Fenhe reservoir operation.

Reservoir-operation optimisation is a crucial aspect of water-resource development and sustainable water process management. This study addresses bi-objective optimisation problems by proposing a novel crossover evolution operator, known as the hybrid simulated binary and improved arithmetic crossover (SBAX) operator, based on the simulated binary cross (SBX) and arithmetic crossover operators, and applies it to the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithms-II (NSGA-II) algorithm to improve the algorithm. In particular, the arithmetic crossover operator can obtain an optimal solution more precisely within the solution space, whereas the SBX operator can explore a broader range of potential high-quality solutions.

Numerical simulation study on the influence of bend diameter rate on the flow characteristics of nature gas hydrate particles.

Bend pipe is a common part of long distance pipeline. There is very important to study the flow law of hydrate particles in the bend pipe, and pipeline design will be optimized. In addition, the efficiency and safety of pipeline gas transmission will be improved.