Synthetic biology meets Aspergillus: engineering strategies for next-generation organic acid production.

Organic acids constitute a vital category of chemical raw materials. They have extensive applications in industries such as polymers, food, and pharmaceuticals. Currently, industrial production predominantly relies on microbial fermentation.

The petunia heavy metal P-type ATPase PhHMA5II1 interacts with copper chaperons and regulate Cu detoxification.

An endoplasmic reticulum-localized Cu transporter, PhHMA5II1, interacts with copper chaperones and plays an important role in Cu detoxification in petunia. Copper (Cu) is an essential element for plant growth but toxic when present in excess. In this study we present the functional characterization of a petunia (Petunia hybrida) P-type heavy-metal ATPases (HMAs), PhHMA5II1.

Application of double-needle bi-direction barbed sutures in laparoscopic common bile duct suture: a propensity score matching analysis.

Laparoscopic exploration of the common bile duct (CBD) has emerged as a predominant method in hepatobiliary surgery owing to its minimally invasive nature and favorable outcomes compared to traditional open surgery. Suturing the CBD during laparoscopic procedures is critical for ensuring proper bile drainage and reducing postoperative complications. This retrospective study enrolled patients who underwent laparoscopic exploration of the CBD for choledocholithiasis at the Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University between January 2016 and December 2023.

Resurgence of common respiratory viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae after ending the zero-COVID policy in Shanghai.

China has adhered to policies of zero-COVID for almost three years since the outbreak of COVID-19, which has remarkably affected the circulation of respiratory pathogens. However, China has begun to end the zero-COVID policies in late 2022. Here, we reported a resurgence of common respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae with unique epidemiological characteristics among children after ending the zero-COVID policy in Shanghai, China, 2023.

Lipid metabolism and microbial regulation analyses provide insights into the energy-saving strategies of hibernating snakes.

Hibernation is a necessary means for animals to maintain survival while coping with low temperatures and food shortages. While most studies have largely focused on mammalian hibernation, its reptilian equivalent has been less studied. In order to provide insights into the energy metabolism and potential microbial regulatory mechanisms in hibernating snakes, the serum, liver, gut content samples were measured by multi-omic methods.

New insights into constitutive neutrophil death.

Neutrophils undergo rapid aging and death known as constitutive or spontaneous death. Constitutive neutrophil death (CND) contributes to neutrophil homeostasis and inflammation resolution. CND has long been considered to be apoptotic until our findings reveal that it was a heterogeneous combination of diverse death.

The interconnective role of the UPS and autophagy in the quality control of cancer mitochondria.

Uncontrollable cancer cell growth is characterized by the maintenance of cellular homeostasis through the continuous accumulation of misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. This review delineates the roles of two complementary and synergistic degradation systems, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosome system, in the degradation of misfolded proteins and damaged organelles for intracellular recycling. We emphasize the interconnected decision-making processes of degradation systems in maintaining cellular homeostasis, such as the biophysical state of substrates, receptor oligomerization potentials (e.

Mechanical response of elevated bridge piles to adjacent deep excavation.

In urban concentrated area, the disturbance caused by construction affects significantly the sustainability of adjacent existing structures. It is essential to capture the mechanical response of existing structures to adjacent deep excavation. The objective of this paper is to investigate the displacement and internal force behavior of elevated bridge piles (BP) subject to influence of deep excavation.

Effects of high-intensity training on jumping performance among athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

This review aims to conduct a meta-analysis of the impact of high-intensity training (HIT) on athlete jumping performance. As of May 2024, we conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and EBSCOhost databases in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Use the PEDro scale to evaluate the methodological quality of the included study.

Surgical techniques and prognostic nomogram for patients with supravalvular aortic stenosis.

Background: An effective prognostic nomogram to predict the prognosis for supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) patients is lacking.

Methods: A multi-center retrospective study of consecutive SVAS patients with surgery between 2002 and 2020 was conducted. Patients underwent McGoon repairs, Doty repairs, and other repairs.

Assessment and application of tropical cyclone clustering in the South China Sea.

Accurate classification of tropical cyclone (TC) tracks is essential for evaluating and mitigating the potential disaster risks associated with TCs. In this study, three commonly used methods (K-means, Fuzzy C-Means, and Self-Organizing Maps) are assessed for clustering historical TC tracks that originated in the South China Sea from 1949 to 2023. The results show that the K-means method performs the best, while the Fuzzy C-Means and Self-Organizing Maps methods are also viable alternatives.

Prognostic assessment of early-stage liver cirrhosis induced by HCV using an integrated model of CX3CR1-associated immune infiltration genes.

Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) primarily mediates the chemotaxis and adhesion of immune cells. However, its role in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced early-stage liver cirrhosis remains unexplored. GSE15654 was downloaded from the GEO database.

Tracking hydrothermal infiltration within light oil reservoirs using organic geochemical proxies in the Shunbei area of Tarim Basin in China.

Deep oil reservoirs are becoming increasingly significant fields of hydrocarbon exploration in recent decades. Hydrothermal fluid flow is deemed as a potentially crucial factor affecting the occurrence of deep oil reservoirs, such as enhancing porosity/permeability of reservoirs, accelerating oil generation and thermal cracking, and modifying organic properties of crude oils. Understanding the interplay between hydrothermal fluids and crude oils would provide useful constraints for reconstructing hydrocarbon accumulation processes and predicting the distribution patterns of crude oils.

Serologic detection of regenerating protein I alpha by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay and its clinical value in gastric cancer.

Background: Regenerating protein I alpha (REG Iα) plays a key role in the progression of gastric cancer (GC). However, the clinical application value of serum REG Iα in GC remains largely unknown.

Methods: Serum REG Iα levels were analyzed through time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) in healthy controls (HCs) and patients with benign gastric disease (BGD) and GC.

Recent advancements in the diverse roles of polymerase-associated proteins in the replication and pathogenesis of Newcastle disease virus.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a significant member of the Paramyxoviridae family, known for causing epidemics and substantial economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. The NDV RNA genome primarily encodes six structural proteins (N, P, M, F, HN, and L) and two non-structural proteins (V and W). Among these, the polymerase-associated proteins (N, P, and L) and the viral RNA (vRNA) genome form the ribonucleoprotein complex, which plays a crucial role in the synthesis and transcription of NDV vRNA.

Improved conversion of carbon dioxide to methane via photohydrogenation using GdNiMnO with a dendritic fibrous architecture.

The conversion of diluted CO₂ into high-energy fuels is increasingly central to renewable energy research. This study investigates the efficacy of a Gd₂NiMnO₆ dendritic nanofibrous (DNF) photocatalyst in transforming carbon dioxide to methane through photoreduction. Gd₂NiMnO₆ DNF was found to provide active adsorption sites and control the strand dimensions for metal groups, facilitating the chemical absorption of CO₂.

The predictive value of the serum creatinine-to-albumin ratio (sCAR) and lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio (LAR) in sepsis-related persistent severe acute kidney injury.

Background/objectives: Sepsis-related acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a severe condition characterized by high mortality rates. The utility of the sCAR (secrum creatinine/albumin) and LAR (Lactate dehydrogenase/albumin) as diagnostic markers for persistent severe SA-AKI remains unclear.

Methods: We acquired training set data from the MIMIC-IV database and validation set data from the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.

Anorexia nervosa is associated with higher brain mu-opioid receptor availability.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder, characterized by restricted eating, fear to gain weight, and a distorted body image. Mu-opioid receptor (MOR) functions as a part of complex opioid system and supports both homeostatic and hedonic control of eating behavior. Thirteen patients with AN and thirteen healthy controls (HC) were included in this study.

Annotation-free deep learning algorithm trained on hematoxylin & eosin images predicts epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenotype and endocrine response in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Recent evidence indicates that endocrine resistance in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is closely correlated with phenotypic characteristics of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Nonetheless, identifying tumor tissues with a mesenchymal phenotype remains challenging in clinical practice. In this study, we validated the correlation between EMT status and resistance to endocrine therapy in ER+ breast cancer from a transcriptomic perspective.

Combining systemic inflammation biomarkers with traditional prognostic factors to predict surgical site infections in elderly hip fracture patients: a risk factor analysis and dynamic nomogram development.

Background: Systemic inflammation biomarkers have been widely shown to be associated with infection. This study aimed to construct a nomogram based on systemic inflammation biomarkers and traditional prognostic factors to assess the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) after hip fracture in the elderly.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from patients over 60 with acute hip fractures who underwent surgery and were followed for more than 12 months between June 2017 and June 2022 at a tertiary referral hospital.

Age-related trends in trabecular bone scores and bone mineral density in Chinese men with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) typically have an average or higher bone mineral density (BMD) but are at a significantly higher risk of fracture than patients without diabetes. Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a textural index derived from pixel gray-level variations in lumbar spine DXA image, which has been introduced as an indirect measure of bone quality. This study aimed to discuss the trends and annual rates of change in BMD and TBS with age in Chinese men with T2DM and men without diabetes mellitus.

Experimental investigation of gas seepage characteristics in coal seams under gas-water-stress function.

Seepage experiences were conducted on coal samples with diverse levels of moisture content, gas pressure, and effective stress to investigate how gas seepage in a coal seam is affected by the interaction of gas, water, and stress. The results of the study revealed the intricate relationship between these factors and their impact on the permeability and seepage behavior of coal. The findings indicate that, with increasing gas pressure, the permeability of coal specimens containing different levels of moisture varies distinctly.

Deep imaging of LepR stromal cells in optically cleared murine bone hemisections.

Tissue clearing combined with high-resolution confocal imaging is a cutting-edge approach for dissecting the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of tissues and deciphering cellular spatial interactions under physiological and pathological conditions. Deciphering the spatial interaction of leptin receptor-expressing (LepR) stromal cells with other compartments in the bone marrow is crucial for a deeper understanding of the stem cell niche and the skeletal tissue. In this study, we introduce an optimized protocol for the 3D analysis of skeletal tissues, enabling the visualization of hematopoietic and stromal cells, especially LepR stromal cells, within optically cleared bone hemisections.

A broadly neutralizing antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5.

The global spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. (SARS-CoV-2) and its variant strains, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and now Omicron, pose a significant challenge. With the constant evolution of the virus, Omicron and its subtypes BA.

TREM2 affects DAM-like cell transformation in the acute phase of TBI in mice by regulating microglial glycolysis.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by high mortality and disability rates. Disease-associated microglia (DAM) are a newly discovered subtype of microglia. However, their presence and function in the acute phase of TBI remain unclear.