Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis associated metabolic encephalopathy caused by dapagliflozin: a rare case report.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT-2) inhibitors are a newer class of antidiabetic drugs with the increased risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis(EuDKA). Encephalopathy is a rare but life-threatening event of EuDKA. Due to paradoxically normal or slightly elevated serum glucose levels, it's easy to be mimicked by cerebral infarction, structural brain damage, thus leading to delayed diagnosis and causing seriously irreversible brain injury.

High interstitial fluid pressure enhances USP1-dependent KIF11 protein stability to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression.

Background: HCC is characterized by a high interstitial fluid pressure (HIFP) environment, which appears to support cancer cell survival. However, the mechanisms behind this phenomenon are not fully understood.

Methods: This study investigates the role of kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) in HCC under HIFP conditions, using both in vivo and in vitro models.

Nonacademic predictors of China medical licensing examination.

Background: National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE) is the entrance exam for medical practice in China, and its general medical knowledge test (GMKT) evaluates abilities of medical students to comprehensively apply medical knowledge to clinical practice. This study aimed to identify nonacademic predictors of GMKT performance, which would benefit medical schools in designing appropriate strategies and techniques to facilitate the transition from medical students to qualified medical practitioners.

Methods: In 1202 medical students, we conducted the deletion-substitution-addition (DSA) and structural equation model (SEM) analyses to identify nonacademic predictors of GMKT performance from 98 candidate variables including early life events, physical conditions, psychological and personality assessments, cognitive abilities, and socioeconomic conditions.

Impact of a new case-based payment scheme on volume distribution across public hospitals in Zhejiang, China: does 'Same disease, same price' matter.

Background: With the implementation of the hierarchical medical system (HMS) in China, Zhejiang Province introduced an innovative payment scheme called "payment method by disease types with point counting". This scheme was initially adopted in Jinhua in July 2017, and was later integrated with the "same disease, same price" policy in Hangzhou in January 2020. This study aimed to investigate the impact of these reforms on the distribution of health service volume.

Comparison of the safety of esophagojejunal overlap and π-shaped anastomosis in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy.

Background: Globally, totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy is increasingly being accepted by surgeons for the treatment of gastric cancer. Overlap anastomosis and π-shaped anastomosis are the two most commonly used anastomosis methods in total laparoscopic surgery; however, their safety and suitability for the population are still unclear.

Methods: A total of 162 consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent total laparoscopic total gastrectomy with overlap or π-shaped anastomosis were retrospectively analyzed.

Social cognition in bipolar I and II disorders: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in reports upon social-cognition impairments in bipolar disorder. This study aimed to compare the characteristics of social cognition domains in bipolar I (BD I) and II (BD II) based on the findings to date.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on Web of Science and PubMed from inception to 28 August 2024.

Genetic diversity atlas of Brucella melitensis strains from Sichuan Province, China.

Human brucellosis is a re-emerging disease in Sichuan Province, China. In this study, bacteriology, conventional bio-typing, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) were applied to preliminarily characterize the strains in terms of genetic diversity and epidemiological links. A total of 101 Brucella strains were isolated from 16 cities (autonomous prefectures) from 2014 to 2021, and all of the strains were identified as Brucella melitensis bv.

The effects of deprivation, age, and regional differences in COVID-19 mortality from 2020 to 2022: a retrospective analysis of public provincial data.

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) quickly spread around the world after its initial identification in Wuhan, China in 2019 and became a global public health crisis. COVID-19 related hospitalizations and deaths as important disease outcomes have been investigated by many studies while less attention has been given to the relationship between these two outcomes at a public health unit level. In this study, we aim to establish the relationship of counts of deaths and hospitalizations caused by COVID-19 over time across 34 public health units in Ontario, Canada, taking demographic, geographic, socio-economic, and vaccination variables into account.

Asymptomatic lung abscess of aspergillus in a female without previous lung diseases or immunocompromise: a case report.

Background: Chronic pulmonary abscess usually results from bacterial or mycobacterium infection, but rarely from aspergillosis. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis is usually found in a person with structural lung disease or immunocompromise. Here, we report a case of chronic lung abscess of aspergillosis without immunocompromise, structural lung diseases or even clinical symptoms.

Observation on the efficacy of TPO receptor agonists and platelet transfusion in chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in malignant tumors.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of TPO receptor agonists and platelet transfusion in chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in malignant tumors.

Methods: Clinical data from 120 patients with malignant tumors who developed thrombocytopenia following chemotherapy at our hospital were retrospectively collected and randomly divided into three groups: A, B, and C, with 40 patients in each group. Group A was treated with a TPO receptor agonist (avatrombopag), group B received autologous platelet transfusion, and group C received a combination of both treatments.

Correlation of sarcopenia with progression of liver fibrosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a study from two cohorts in China and the United States.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between sarcopenia and liver fibrosis in patients aged 18-59 years with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and to assess the potential of sarcopenia as a risk factor for the progression of liver fibrosis.

Methods: The study included 821 patients with MASLD in the US cohort and 3,405 patients with MASLD in the Chinese cohort. Liver controlled attenuation parameters (CAP) and liver stiffness measurements (LSM) were assessed by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) to evaluate the extent of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.

Association of relative fat mass with asthma: inflammatory markers as potential mediators.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between relative fat mass (RFM) and asthma, as well as to explore the mediating role of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI).

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2018. Associations between RFM and asthma were tested using multivariable logistic regressions, restricted cubic splines, subgroup analyses, and interaction tests, with mediation analysis for SII and SIRI.

The association between neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and gallstones: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Several studies have discussed the relationship between cholesterol and gallstones, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as a representative of this has been addressed in various diseases. The metric neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) derived from HDL-C has attracted much attention. The purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between NHR and gallstones in a population of American adults.

Association between traffic-related air pollution and risk of outpatient visits for dry eye disease in a megacity along the subtropical coast in South China.

Background: Traffic-related air pollution especially in highly socioeconomically developed megacity is usually considered as a severe problem leading to inevitable adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the associations between traffic-related air pollutants with risk of dry eye disease (DED) outpatient visits in a megacity (Guangzhou) along the subtropical coast in South China.

Methods: Daily data on DED outpatient visits and environmental variables from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2020 in Guangzhou were obtained.

A reduction-secretion system contributes to roxarsone (V) degradation and efflux in Brevundimonas sp. M20.

Roxarsone (V) (Rox(V)) is an organoarsenical compound that poses significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and various diseases. Reducing trivalent 3-amino-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid (HAPA(III)) offers a competitive advantage; however, it leads to localized arsenic contamination, which can disrupt the soil microbiome and impede plant growth. Three genes, BsntrA, arsC2, and BsexpA, encoding nitroreductase, arsenate reductase, and MFS transporter, respectively, were identified in the Rox(V)-resistant strain Brevundimonas sp.

Adjustment of the Framingham index by abdominal aortic calcification scores enables a more accurate prediction of long-term cardiac events in general population aged 40 years and above: evidence from NHANES 2013-2014.

Background: Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is considered as a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Our study aimed to investigate whether the predicted risk for cardiac death with the Framingham risk score (FRS) could be further improved with the addition of AAC score in general population aged ≥ 40 years.

Methods: A total of 2971 participants aged ≥ 40 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2013-2014 were followed up.

CircCCT2/miR-146a-5p/IRAK1 axis promotes the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a highly invasive malignancy with a poor prognosis, is one of the most common cancers globally. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have become key regulators of human malignancies, but further studies are necessary to fully understand their functions and possible causes in HNSCC.

Methods: CircCCT2 expression levels in HNSCC tissues and cells were measured via qPCR.

Regulatory role of lnc-MAP3K13-3:1 on miR-6894-3p and SHROOM2 in modulating cellular dynamics in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent primary liver malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, the 5-year survival rate for individuals undergoing curative resection remains between 10% and 15%. Consequently, identifying molecular targets that specifically inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells is critical for improving treatment outcomes.

Identifying effective immune biomarkers in alopecia areata diagnosis based on machine learning methods.

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common non-scarring hair loss disorder associated with autoimmune conditions. However, the pathobiology of AA is not well understood, and there is no targeted therapy available for AA.  METHODS: In this study, differential gene expression analysis, immune status assessment, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), and functional enrichment analysis were performed to identify shared genes associated with both immunological response and AA.

Clinicopathological characteristics and predictors of renal outcomes in diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis : a retrospective single-center study from Western China.

Background: The factors influencing diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis renal survival and prognosis remain uncertain. Additionally, there's no literature on the clinical outcomes of IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and IgA vasculitis nephritis in type II patients.

Methods: This study retrospectively examined 107 patients diagnosed with diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis through biopsy.

Association of pan-immune inflammation value and lung health in adults.

Background: Lung health is intricately linked with inflammation. The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) emerges as a promising biomarker, offering reflection into systemic inflammatory states and assisting in the prognosis of diverse diseases. This research aims to explore the associations between PIV and respiratory symptoms, respiratory diseases and lung function.

Characterization of chemosensory genes in the subterranean pest Gryllotalpa Orientalis based on genome assembly and transcriptome comparison.

Background: Chemosensory perception plays a vital role in insect survival and adaptability, driving essential behaviours such as navigation, mate identification, and food location. This sensory process is governed by diverse gene families, including odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), olfactory receptors (ORs), ionotropic receptors (IRs), chemosensory proteins (CSPs), gustatory receptors (GRs), and sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). The oriental mole cricket (Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister), an invasive pest with an underground, phyllophagous lifestyle, causes substantial crop damage.

Chlamydia cases in women of reproductive age, 2006-2020: an analysis of surveillance data from Southern China.

Background: Chlamydia is common among women of reproductive age and can cause serious health issues. This study aimed to examine the trends and factors linked to newly diagnosed and reported chlamydia cases in women aged 15-49 in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2020.

Methods: We included all newly diagnosed and reported chlamydia cases from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2020.

A strategy for controlling Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae: inhibition of ClpV expression.

The emergence and prevalence of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) have proposed a great challenge to control this infection. Therefore, exploring some new drugs or strategies for treating hvKP infection is an urgent issue for scientific researchers. In the present study, the clpV gene deletion strain of hvKP (ΔclpV-hvKP) was constructed using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and the biological characteristics of ΔclpV-hvKP were investigated to explore the new targets for controlling this pathogen.

Unveiling alfalfa root rot resistance genes through an integrative GWAS and transcriptome study.

Background: Root rot is a major disease affecting alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), causing significant yield losses and economic damage. The primary pathogens include Fusarium spp.