FAP-targeted radioligand therapy with Ga/Lu-DOTA-2P(FAPI) enhance immunogenicity and synergize with PD-L1 inhibitors for improved antitumor efficacy.

Background: Fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted radioligand therapy, with immunomodulatory effects, has shown efficacy in both preclinical and clinical studies. We recently reported on a novel dimeric FAP-targeting radiopharmaceutical, Ga/Lu-DOTA-2P(FAPI), which demonstrated increased tumor uptake and prolonged retention in various cancers. However, further exploration is required to understand the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of combining Ga/Lu-DOTA-2P(FAPI) radioligand therapy with PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.

MAF1 inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis by fostering an immunostimulatory tumor microenvironment.

Background: The biological significance of MAF1, a tumor suppressor, in carcinogenesis and immune response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unreported. Understanding the underlying mechanisms by which MAF1 enhances anti-tumor immunity in HCC is crucial for developing novel immunotherapy strategies and enhancing clinical responses to treatment for patients with HCC.

Methods: Mice were subjected to hydrodynamic tail vein injections of transposon vectors to overexpress AKT/NRas, or c-Myc, with or without wild-type (WT) or mutant-activated (-4A) MAF1, or short-hairpin MAF1 (shMAF1).

Targeting circFOXO3 to Modulate Integrin β6 Expression in Periodontitis: A Potential Therapeutic Approach.

Aims: Circular RNA forkhead box O3 (circFOXO3) is crucial in regulating inflammation in lung and heart injuries. However, its role in periodontitis remains unclear. We sought to elucidate the effects of circFOXO3 on periodontitis progression and related molecular mechanisms.

Investigation of foot care knowledge and behaviour of older people with type 2 diabetes in Beijing community and analysis of influencing factors.

Good foot care knowledge and behaviour are very important to prevent the occurrence of diabetic foot, but there are few reports on the foot care knowledge and behaviour of older people with diabetes in the community. The purpose of this study was to understand the foot care knowledge and behaviour of older people with type 2 diabetes in Beijing community, and analyse its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for further intervention. We investigated 254 older people with type 2 diabetes in Xinjiekou community, Beijing, including their general information, chronic complications, foot care knowledge and behaviour.

Identification of Novel and Rare GNAS Mutations in Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia.

Background: Fibrous dysplasia (FD), caused by activating mutations of GNAS, is a skeletal disorder with considerable clinicopathological heterogeneity. Although prevalent mutations such as R201C and R201H dominate in FD, a limited number of rare mutations, including R201S, R201G, and Q227L, have been documented. The scarcity of information concerning these uncommon mutations motivates our investigation, seeking to enhance comprehension of this less-explored subgroup within FD.

Pericarpium Trichosanthis Inhibits TGF-β1-Smad3 Pathway-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis in Heart Failure Rats via Upregulation of microRNA-29b.

Cardiac dysfunction and adverse consequences induced by cardiac fibrosis have been well documented. However, the cardiac fibrosis pathway in chronic heart failure (CHF) remains unclear, and it is therefore necessary to conduct further research for the sake of developing more effective therapeutic strategies for CHF. Some recent studies suggest that Pericarpium Trichosanthis (PT) may help improve the progression of fibrotic diseases.

Acute skin failure knowledge, attitudes and practices amongst intensive care unit nurses in China: A multicentre cross-sectional survey.

Purpose: To investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses regarding acute skin failure (ASF) and analyse the influencing factors thereof.

Methods: From 22 December 2023 to 24 January 2024, a cross-sectional study was conducted amongst ICU nurses from 21 hospitals in eight provinces in China. The ASF knowledge, attitude and practice scores were determined using questionnaires, and multiple linear regression was used for further analysis.

Separating the Effects of Early-Life and Adult Body Size on Chronic Kidney Disease Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Whether there is a causal relationship between childhood obesity and increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains controversial. This study sought to explore how body size in childhood and adulthood independently affects CKD risk in later life using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: Univariate and multivariate MR was used to estimate total and independent effects of body size exposures.

Anaerobic and aerobic sequential process, a promising strategy for breaking the stagnate of biological reductive dechlorination.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a common chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminant in soil and groundwater, and reductive dechlorination is a biological remediation. However, the TCE reductive dechlorination often stagnates in the stage of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cDCE) and chloroethylene (VC). Anaerobic/aerobic sequential degradation provides a new approach for the complete detoxification of TCE, while there has been no systematic summary of bacteria, enzymes, and pathways in the synergistic process.

Uptake and Transpiration of Solid and Hollow SiO Nanoparticles by Terrestrial Plant (Apium Graveolens var. secalinum).

Recent studies have raised concerns about the potential toxicity of amorphous silica (SiO) nanoparticles (NPs). This investigation explores the uptake, transport, and transpiration of silica NPs in Apium graveolens var. secalinum.

The Predictive Value of Multifidus Degeneration in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture Patients with Kyphosis Deformity.

Background Context: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) causes pain, kyphosis and neurological damage, which significantly affect patients' quality of life. Patients with OVCF are often elderly and have severe osteoporosis, which makes preoperative symptom more serious, postoperative recovery worse and the incidence of postoperative complications high. The paraspinal muscles have been well studied in adult spinal deformities, but there is no conclusive evidence that their findings can be applied to OVCF.

The application value of targeted next-generation sequencing using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples in community-acquired pneumonia in children.

Background: The precise identification of pathogens responsible for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children is essential for effective treatment. However, the performance of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) in the detection of pathogens associated with CAP in children remains unclear.

Methods: In this study, 216 children diagnosed with CAP were enrolled, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples underwent detection through tNGS, culture, and multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

An overview of recent progress in cultured meat: focusing on technology, quality properties, safety, industrialization and public acceptance.

Cultured meat technology represents an innovative food production approach that enables the large-scale cultivation of animal cells to obtain muscle, fat, and other tissues, which are then processed into meat products. Compared to traditional meat production methods, cell-cultured meat may significantly reduce energy consumption by 7% to 45%, greenhouse gas emissions by 78% to 96%, land use by 99%, and water use by 82% to 96%. This technology offers several advantages, including a shorter production cycle and enhanced environmental sustainability, resource efficiency, and overall sustainability.

Dietary Reference Intakes of Selenium for Chinese Residents.

The plasma selenoprotein P (SELENOP) concentration leveling out was thought to represent saturation of the functional selenium body pool and an appropriate supply of selenium to all tissues, indicating that the necessary amount of selenium had been supplied. Based on the selenium intake when SELENOP reaches saturation, the estimated average requirement (EAR) of selenium was set as 50 μg/d, and the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) was 60 μg/d for Chinese general population. According a recent study, "lactating Chinese women with the optimal daily selenium intake" was defined, and the adequate intake (AI) of 0‒6 months old infants was set as 15 μg/d, and 20 μg/d was calculated for 7‒12 months old infants.

Association of Sugar sweetened, Artificially Sweetened, and Unsweetened Coffee Consumption with Chronic Liver Disease and Liver Related Events: A Large Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Previous observational studies haven't reached an agreement on the association between coffee consumption and risk of liver diseases. Also, none of these studies took sweetener added in coffee into consideration.

Objective: We aim to explore the associations of consumption of sweetened and unsweetened coffee with chronic liver disease (CLD) and liver-related events (LREs), and evaluate the degree to which sweetener added counteracted the effect of coffee.

How hydrodynamic conditions drive the regime shift towards a bacterial state with lower carbon emissions in river bends.

Hydrodynamic conditions influenced by river sinuosity may alter carbon (e.g., carbon dioxide and methane) emissions and microbial communities responsible for nutrient turnover.

Spatio-temporal Variations of Heat Extremes across the Yangtze River Delta during 2001-2023 Based on Remotely Sensed Seamless Air Temperature.

Heat extremes become increasingly frequent and severe, posing adverse risks to public health and environment. Previous research on extreme heat mostly used meteorological observations or reanalysis data, which cannot well capture detailed spatial patterns. This study developed a seamless air temperature (T) dataset from remote sensing data to characterize the spatio-temporal variations of heat extremes in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2001 to 2023.

Transformation fate of bisphenol A in aerobic denitrifying cultures and its coercive mechanism on the nitrogen transformation pathway.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a commonly used endocrine-disrupting chemical found in high levels in wastewater worldwide. Aerobic denitrification is a promising alternative to conventional nitrogen removal processes. However, the effects of BPA on this novel nitrogen removal process have rarely been reported.

Microbial synergy mechanism of hydrogen flux influence on hydrogen-based partial denitrification coupled with anammox in a membrane biofilm reactor.

The hydrogen-based partial denitrification coupled with anammox (H-PDA) biofilm system effectively achieves low-carbon and high-efficiency biological nitrogen removal. However, the effects and biological interaction mechanism of H flux with the H-PDA system have not yet been understood. This study assessed the effects of H flux on interactions among anammox bacteria (AnAOB), denitrifying bacteria (DB), and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) coexisting in a H-PDA system.

Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis coupled to heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrification treating low carbon/nitrogen mariculture wastewater.

Considering the unsatisfied nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) treatment performance of mariculture wastewater caused by low carbon/nitrogen (C/N), a novel iron-carbon (Fe-C) micro-electrolysis coupled to heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrification (HNAD) process was proposed to enhance the N and P elimination. Results revealed that total nitrogen (TN) removal and total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiencies in Fe-C filter with HNAD (R-Fe) increased by 76.1% and 113.

Microporous carbon derived from waste plastics for efficient adsorption of tetracycline: Adsorption mechanism and application potentials.

In recent years, the accumulation of waste plastics and emergence plastic-derived pollutants such as microplastics have driven significantly the development and updating of waste plastic utilization technology. This study prepared the porous carbon (PC-1-KOH) material directly from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in waste plastic bottles using KOH activation and molten salt strategy for efficient removal of antibiotic tetracycline (TC). The maximum removal efficiency of TC was 100.

Degradation of naphthalene in aqueous solution using a microbial symbiotic system founded by degrading and ureolytic bacteria.

Although single bacteria have been applied to the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) remediation, its efficacy is severely restricted by long degradation periods and low efficacy. A microbial symbiotic system founded by two or more bacterial strains may be an alternative to traditional remediation approaches. Its construction is, however, hampered by antagonistic interactions and remains challenging.

Efficient Degradation of Ciprofloxacin in Water Using nZVI/g-CN Enhanced Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Process.

Residual antibiotics in aquatic environments pose health and ecological risks due to their persistence and resistance to biodegradation. Thus, it is crucial to develop efficient technologies for the degradation of such antibiotics. This study presents a novel approach using a nano zero-valent iron/graphitic carbon nitride (nZVI/g-CN)-enhanced dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma process for the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP).

Utilization of wall-breaking sludge for improving soil structure in abandoned mine land.

Promoting soil structure is considered an essential prerequisite for abandoned mine land restoration. Sewage sludge (SS) has the potential to improve soil structure. However, traditional SS application to improve soil structure requires a lot of SS, potentially exacerbating heavy metal (HM) contamination.