Safety of combined drug use in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: an analysis based on the spontaneous reporting database of adverse drug reactions in Hubei Province.

Objective: There is a lack of studies investigating the safety of combination regimens specifically for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of combination drugs for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases using real-world data.

Methods: We analyzed adverse drug reaction data received by the Hubei Adverse Drug Reaction Center from the first quarter of 2014 to the fourth quarter of 2022.

The efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate, ciprofol, and propofol during hysteroscopy.

Objective: Remimazolam besylate and Ciprofol are newer sedatives used in minor surgeries. Propofol is a classic drug mainly used for short surgeries. This trial was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate, ciprofol, and propofol during hysteroscopic surgeries.

Efficacy and safety of anticoagulants on venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Anticoagulants are the primary means for the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but their clinical standardized application still remains controversial. The present study intends to comprehensively compare the efficacy and safety of various anticoagulants in VTE.

Methods: Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library from their inception up to August 2023 were searched to compare the efficacy and safety of various anticoagulants in VTE.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of oleuropein in human keratinocytes characterized by bottom-up proteomics.

Oleuropein is a phenolic compound commonly found in cosmetic ingredients including olive leaves and jasmine flowers with various skin-beneficial effects. Here, we evaluated oleuropein's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in human skin cells. In a cell-based inflammasome model with human monocytes (THP-1 cells), oleuropein (12-200 µM) reduced proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 by 38.

ITGAX promotes gastric cancer progression via epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway.

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for nearly 800,000 fatalities annually. ITGAX (Integrin alpha X) is closely associated with immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. Its involvement in gastric cancer was identified through an analysis of The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which highlighted as one of four key gastric cancer-related genes.

L. (purslane) extract ameliorates intestinal inflammation in diet-induced obese mice by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: L. (purslane) is a dietary plant and a botanical drug with antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effects of purslane against intestinal-inflammation-associated obesity are yet to be studied.

Ginsenoside Rh2 regulates triple-negative breast cancer proliferation and apoptosis via the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Introduction: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging subtype of breast cancer to treat. While previous studies have demonstrated that ginsenoside Rh2 induces apoptosis in TNBC cells, the specific molecular targets and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aims to uncover the molecular mechanisms through which ginsenoside Rh2 regulates apoptosis and proliferation in TNBC, offering new insights into its therapeutic potential.

The metabolic pathway of Deg-AZM and investigations into the contribution of drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters in the drug interactions of Deg-AZM, a clinical-stage new transgelin agonist.

Introduction: Deglycosylated azithromycin (Deg-AZM), a new transgelin agonist with positive therapeutic effects on slow transit constipation, has been approved for clinical trials in 2024. This work investigated the drug metabolism and transport of Deg-AZM to provide research data for further development of Deg-AZM.

Methods: A combination of UPLC-QTOF-MS was used to obtain metabolite spectra of Deg-AZM in plasma, urine, feces and bile.

Design of pH-Responsive Nanomaterials Based on the Tumor Microenvironment.

The metabolic activity of tumor cells leads to the acidification of the surrounding microenvironment, which provides new strategies for the application of nanotechnology in cancer therapy. Researchers have developed various types of pH-responsive nanomaterials based on the tumor acidic microenvironment. This review provides an in-depth discussion on the design mechanisms, drug-loading strategies, and application pathways of tumor acidic microenvironment-responsive nanodrug delivery systems.

Exosomes Derived from Apelin-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction by Alleviating Cardiomyocyte Pyroptosis via Delivery of miR-34a-5p.

Background: Exosomes sourced from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EXOs) have become a promising therapeutic tool for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SMD). Our previous study demonstrated that Apelin pretreatment enhanced the therapeutic benefit of MSCs in myocardial infarction by improving their paracrine effects. This study aimed to determine whether EXOs sourced from Apelin-pretreated MSCs (Apelin-MSC-EXOs) would have potent cardioprotective effects against SMD and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Micro-Electro Nanofibrous Dressings Based on PVDF-AgNPs as Wound Healing Materials to Promote Healing in Active Areas.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop an innovative solution for chronic wounds in high-mobility areas, such as joints, where conventional treatments are hindered by passive healing mechanisms and the need for immobilization. By designing a micro-electro-Nanofiber dressing composed of piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) integrated with antimicrobial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), this research aims to address the dual challenges of promoting effective wound healing and maintaining joint mobility.

Methods: Herein, we developed a novel micro-electro-Nanofiber dressing using electrospinning technology, incorporating polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).

THE SERUM CREATININE TO CYSTATIN RATIO IN THYROTOXICOSIS PATIENTS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY.

Context: Previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between creatinine and cystatin levels and thyroid disorders.

Objective: To further investigate the diagnostic value of serum creatinine to cystatin C ratio in the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis.

Design: One hundred eighty four thyrotoxicosis patients and 406 healthy controls were enrolled.

EFFICACY AND PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER WITH POSTOPERATIVE PREABLATIVE STIMULATED THYROGLOBULIN ABOVE 10 NG/ML AFTER INITIAL THERAPY WITH RADIOIODINE.

Objective: Few prognostic analyses have been conducted for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients with preablative stimulated Tg >10 ng/mL. We investigated the therapeutic responses and prognosis of these patients after the initial radioiodine (RAI) therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed 256 patients with PTC who underwent RAI remnant ablation after total thyroidectomy, and all presTg levels were >10 ng/mL.

A Cross-sectional Survey of Physicians to Understand Biomarker Testing and Treatment Patterns in Patients with Prostate Cancer in the USA, EU5, Japan, and China.

Background And Objective: Treatment landscape in advanced prostate cancer (PC) is evolving. There is limited understanding of the factors influencing decision-making for genetic/genomic testing and the barriers to recommending testing and treatment in international real-world clinical practice following the approval of poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) for metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC). This work aims to assess genetic/genomic testing patterns and methods, including for homologous recombination repair mutation (HRRm), and treatment decisions among physicians caring for patients with PC across the USA, Europe, and Asia.

Identify biological Alzheimer's disease using a novel nucleic acid-linked protein immunoassay.

Blood-based biomarkers have been revolutionizing the detection, diagnosis and screening of Alzheimer's disease. Specifically, phosphorylated-tau variants (p-tau, p-tau and p-tau) are promising biomarkers for identifying Alzheimer's disease pathology. Antibody-based assays such as single molecule arrays immunoassays are powerful tools to investigate pathological changes indicated by blood-based biomarkers and have been studied extensively in the Alzheimer's disease research field.

The Dynamic Changes of COL11A1 Expression During the Carcinogenesis and Development of Breast Cancer and as a Candidate Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker.

Collagen type XI alpha 1 (COL11A1), a critical member of the collagen superfamily, is essential for tissue structure and integrity. This study aimed to validate previously identified variations in COL11A1 expression during breast cancer carcinogenesis and progression, as well as elucidate their clinical implications. COL11A1 mRNA expression levels were assessed using real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) in 30 pairs of normal breast tissue and primary breast cancer, 30 pairs of primary breast cancer and lymph node metastases, 30 benign tumors, and 107 primary breast cancers.

A modelling approach to characterise the interaction between behavioral response and epidemics: A study based on COVID-19.

During epidemic outbreaks, human behavior is highly influential on the disease transmission and hence affects the course, duration and outcome of the epidemics. In order to examine the feedback effect between the dynamics of the behavioral response and disease outbreak, a simple SIR- type model is established by introducing the independent variable of effective contact rate, characterizing how human behavior interacts with disease transmission dynamics and allowing for the feedback changing over time along the progress of epidemic and population's perception of risk. By a particle swarm optimization algorithm in the solution procedures and time series of COVID-19 data with different shapes of infection peaks, we show that the proposed model, together with such behavioral change mechanism, is capable of capturing the trend of the selected data and can give rise to oscillatory prevalence of different magnitude over time, revealing how different levels of behavioral response affect the waves of infection as well as the evolution of the disease.

Wearable optical coherence tomography angiography probe with extended depth of field.

Significance: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is widely utilized to investigate brain activities and disorders in anesthetized or restrained rodents. However, anesthesia can alter several physiological parameters, leading to findings that might not fully represent the true physiological state. To advance the understanding of brain function in awake and freely moving animals, the development of wearable OCT probes is crucial.

Development of the brain network control theory and its implications.

Brain network control theory (NCT) is a groundbreaking field in neuroscience that employs system engineering and cybernetics principles to elucidate and manipulate brain dynamics. This review examined the development and applications of NCT over the past decade. We highlighted how NCT has been effectively utilized to model brain dynamics, offering new insights into cognitive control, brain development, the pathophysiology of neurological and psychiatric disorders, and neuromodulation.

The Influence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress on Ageism Among Undergraduates: Mediating Roles of Life Satisfaction, Gratitude, and Prosociality.

Background: The rapid growth of the global aging population highlights the need to address ageism and promote social inclusiveness. While considerable research has explored the impact of perceived ageism on older adults' mental health, limited attention has been given to how negative mental health factors-such as depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS)-influence ageist attitudes among younger populations, along with the psychological mechanisms underlying this relationship.

Purpose: This study first investigates the prevalence of ageism among undergraduates and its variation across certain socio-demographic factors at the research site.

Quantitative immunohistochemistry analysis of breast Ki67 based on artificial intelligence.

Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor of women. Ki67 is an important biomarker of cell proliferation. With the quantitative analysis, it is an important indicator of malignancy for breast cancer diagnosis.

A new conceptual model for seed germination and seedling tillering of winter wheat in the field.

Seed germination is a crucial stage in plant development, intricately regulated by various environmental stimuli. Understanding these interactions is essential for optimizing planting and seedling management but remains challenging due to the trade-off effects of environmental factors on the germination process. We proposed a new conceptual model by viewing seed germination as a dynamic process in a physiological dimension, with the influence of environmental factors and seed heterogeneity characterized by a germination speed and a dispersion coefficient.

-Glucan-modified nanoparticles with different particle sizes exhibit different lymphatic targeting efficiencies and adjuvant effects.

Particle size and surface properties are crucial for lymphatic drainage (LN), dendritic cell (DC) uptake, DC maturation, and antigen cross-presentation induced by nanovaccine injection, which lead to an effective cell-mediated immune response. However, the manner in which the particle size and surface properties of vaccine carriers such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) affect this immune response is unknown. We prepared 50, 100, and 200 nm of MSNs that adsorbed ovalbumin antigen (OVA) while modifying -glucan to enhance immunogenicity.

Anti-Scar Effects of Micropatterned Hydrogel after Glaucoma Drainage Device Implantation.

Excessive fibrosis is the primary factor for the failure of glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation. Thus, strategies to suppress scar formation in GDD implantation are crucial. Although it is known that in implanted medical devices, microscale modification of the implant surface can modulate cell behavior and reduce the incidence of fibrosis, in the field of ophthalmic implants, especially the modification and effects of hydrogel micropatterns have rarely been reported.

Altered Atlas of Exercise-Responsive MicroRNAs Revealing miR-29a-3p Attacks Armored and Cold Tumors and Boosts Anti-B7-H3 Therapy.

Increasing evidence has shown that physical exercise remarkably inhibits oncogenesis and progression of numerous cancers and exercise-responsive microRNAs (miRNAs) exert a marked role in exercise-mediated tumor suppression. In this research, expression and prognostic values of exercise-responsive miRNAs were examined in breast cancer (BRCA) and further pan-cancer types. In addition, multiple independent public and in-house cohorts, in vitro assays involving multiple, macrophages, fibroblasts, and tumor cells, and in vivo models were utilized to uncover the tumor-suppressive roles of miR-29a-3p in cancers.