A Prognostic Riskscore Model Related to Infection in Stomach Adenocarcinoma.

() is associated with the development of various stomach diseases, one of the major risk factors for stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). The infection score between tumor and normal groups was compared by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The key modules related to infection were identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), and functional enrichment analysis was conducted on these module genes.

Characterization of the tail current of Channelrhodopsin-2 variants.

Our study focused on specific ChR2 variants, particularly those with the Step function Opsins (SFO) mutation at the D156-C128 gate. These are widely used in optogenetics due to their heightened sensitivity to light and bi-stable prolonged activation. However, in some ChR2 variants, specifically D156 mutants, a tail current occurs when continuous light exposure is stopped.

Shape-tailored semiconductor dot-in-rods: optimizing CdS-shell growth for enhanced chiroptical properties the rationalization of the role of temperature and time.

Colloidal chemistry provides an assortment of synthetic tools for tuning the shape of semiconductor nanocrystals. To fully exploit the shape- and structure-dependent properties of semiconductor nanorods, high-precision control on growth and design is essential. However, achieving this precision is highly challenging due to the high temperatures (>350 °C) and short reaction times (<8 minutes) often required for these reactions.

3D bioprinted dynamic bioactive living construct enhances mechanotransduction-assisted rapid neural network self-organization for spinal cord injury repair.

Biomimetic neural substitutes, constructed through the bottom-up assembly of cell-matrix modulus via 3D bioprinting, hold great promise for neural regeneration. However, achieving precise control over the fate of neural stem cells (NSCs) to ensure biological functionality remains challenging. Cell behaviors are closely linked to cellular dynamics and cell-matrix mechanotransduction within a 3D microenvironment.

Astrocyte-Derived Interleukin 11 Modulates Astrocyte-Microglia Crosstalk via Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a severe and frequent septic complication, characterized by neuronal damage as key pathological features. The astrocyte-microglia crosstalk in the central nervous system (CNS) plays important roles in various neurological diseases. However, how astrocytes interact with microglia to regulate neuronal injury in SAE is poorly defined.

Targeting Ribosome Biogenesis for Cancer Therapy with Oral Platinum Complexes.

Cancer cells often upregulate ribosome biogenesis to meet increased protein synthesis demands for rapid proliferation; therefore, targeting ribosome biogenesis has emerged as a promising cancer therapeutic strategy. Herein, we introduce two Pt complexes, ataluren monosubstituted platinum(IV) (SPA, formula: c,c,t,-[Pt(NH)Cl(OH)(CHFNO)], where CHFNO = ataluren) and ataluren bisubstituted platinum(IV) complex (DPA, formula: c,c,t,-[Pt(NH)Cl(CHFNO)], where CHFNO = ataluren), which effectively suppress ribosome biogenesis by inhibiting 47s pre-RNA expression. Furthermore, SPA and DPA induce nucleolar stress by dispersing nucleolar protein NPM1, ultimately inhibiting protein generation in tumor cells.

HO Triggering Electron-Directed Transfer of Emerging Contaminants over Asymmetric Nano Zinc Oxide Surfaces for Water Self-Purification Expansion.

Slow mass transfer processes between inert emerging contaminants (ECs) and dissolved oxygen (DO) limit natural water self-purification; thus, excessive energy consumption is necessary to achieve ECs removal, which has become a longstanding global challenge. Here, we propose an innovative water self-purification expansion strategy by constructing asymmetric surfaces that could modulate trace HO as trigger rather than oxidant to bridge a channel between inert ECs and natural dissolved oxygen, achieved through a dual-reaction-center (DRC) catalyst consisting of Cu/Co lattice-substituted ZnO nanorods (CCZO-NRs). During water purification, the bond lengths of emerging contaminants (ECs) adsorbed on the asymmetric surface were stretched, and this stretching was further enhanced by HO mediation, resulting in a significant reduction of bond-breaking energy barriers.

Biocatalytic Strategies for Nitration Reactions.

Nitro compounds are key synthetic intermediates used as enabling tools in synthesis and found in a large range of essential compounds, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and various organic dyes. Despite recent methodological developments, the industrial preparation of nitro compounds still suffers from harsh reaction conditions, along with poor selectivity and a problematic environmental footprint. Although biological enzymatic methods exist, mild approaches for bionitration are still underexplored.

Unlocking High-Throughput Plasma-Catalytic Low-Temperature Oxidation of -Hexane over Single-Atom Ag/MnO Catalysts.

The total oxidation of -hexane, a hazardous volatile organic compound (VOC) emitted by the pharmaceutical industry, presents a significant environmental challenge due to limited catalyst activity at low temperatures and poor stability at high temperatures. Here, we present a novel approach that overcomes these limitations by employing single-atom Ag/MnO catalysts coupled with nonthermal plasma (NTP). This strategy achieves exceptional performance in -hexane oxidation at low temperatures, demonstrating 96.

Gallium: A Universal Promoter Switching CO Methanation Catalysts to Produce Methanol.

Hydrogenation of CO to methanol is foreseen as a key step to close the carbon cycle. In this study, we show that introducing Ga into silica-supported nanoparticles based on group 8-9 transition noble metals (M = Ru, Os, Rh, and Ir - Ga@SiO) switches their reactivity from producing mostly methane (sel. > 97%) to producing methanol (>50% CHOH/DME sel.

Antarmycins: Discovery, Biosynthesis, Anti-pathogenic Bacterial Activity, and Mechanism of Action from Deep-Sea-Derived .

The rapid emergence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic microbes has accelerated the search for novel therapeutic agents. Here we report the discovery of antarmycin A (), an antibiotic containing a symmetric 16-membered macrodiolide core with two pendant vancosamine moieties, one of which is glucosylated, from deep-sea-derived SCSIO 07407. The biosynthetic gene cluster of was identified on a giant plasmid featuring transferable elements.

Decoding the Molecular Basis of the Specificity of an Anti-sTn Antibody.

The mucin -glycan sialyl Tn antigen (sTn, Neu5Acα2-6GalNAcα1--Ser/Thr) is an antigen associated with different types of cancers, often linked with a higher risk of metastasis and poor prognosis. Despite efforts to develop anti-sTn antibodies with high specificity for diagnostics and immunotherapy, challenges in eliciting high-affinity antibodies for glycan structures have limited their effectiveness, leading to low titers and short protection durations. Experimental structural insights into anti-sTn antibody specificity are lacking, hindering their optimization for cancer cell recognition.

DNA Nanotags for Multiplexed Single-Particle Electron Microscopy and Electron Cryotomography.

DNA nanostructures present new opportunities as Nanotags for electron microscopy (EM) imaging, leveraging their high programmability, unique shapes, biomolecule conjugation capability, and stability compatible with standard cryogenic sample preparation protocols. This perspective highlights the potential of DNA Nanotags to enable high-throughput multiplexed EM analysis and facilitate particle identification for cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET). Meanwhile, applying Nanotags in live-cell environments requires the efficient cellular uptake of intact structures and successful cytosolic migration.

Insight into the Synergistic Effect of Binary Nonmetallic Codoped CoO Catalysts for Efficient Ethyl Acetate Degradation under Humid Conditions.

The synthesis of high-performance catalysts for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) degradation under humid conditions is essential for their practical industrial application. Herein, a codoping strategy was adopted to synthesize the N-CoO-C catalyst with N, C codoping for low-temperature ethyl acetate (EA) degradation under humid conditions. Results showed that N-CoO-C exhibited great catalytic activity ( = 177 °C) and water resistance (5.

Inverse Design of 2D Altermagnetic Metal-Organic Framework Monolayers from Hückel Theory of Nonbonding Molecular Orbitals.

Altermagnets, characterized by spontaneous spin-splitting without net magnetization, are challenging to realize due to their unique spin group symmetries. Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with tunable topologies and spins, offer promising platforms for achieving altermagnetism. In this study, we propose a general strategy to create 2D altermagnetic monolayers by bridging Cr with organic ligands exhibiting nonbonding molecular orbitals (NBMOs) based on the Hückel molecular orbital theory and first-principles calculations.

Chemical Reactions on a Single Linear Chain Show Cooperativity.

Individual molecules dissolved in a dilute solution are usually considered not to correlate with each other as they undergo chemical reactions due to the mismatch of the diffusion and reaction time scales. Recent studies suggest otherwise, especially for reactions involving macromolecules. With selenopolypeptides as a model system, we used ensemble measurements and single-molecule direct imaging to investigate the correlation between physically constrained chemical reaction sites on a linear polymer chain and the coupling effects between conformation changes and reaction kinetics.

Constructing SiO-Supported Atomically Dispersed Platinum Catalysts with Single-Atom and Atomic Cluster Dual Sites to Tame Hydrogenation Performance.

Construction and optimization of stable atomically dispersed metal sites on SiO surfaces are important yet challenging topics. In this work, we developed the amino group-assisted atomic layer deposition strategy to deposit the atomically dispersed Pt on SiO support for the first time, in which the particle size and ratio of Pt entities from single atom (Pt) to atomic cluster (Pt ) and nanoparticle (Pt ) on the SiO surface were well modulated. We demonstrated the importance of dual-site synergy for optimizing the activity of single-atom catalysts.

Construction of Compartmentalized Meso/Micro Spaces in Hierarchically Porous MOFs with Long-Chain Functional Ligands Inspired by Biological Signal Amplification.

The creation of spatially coupled meso-/microenvironments with biomimetic compartmentalized functionalities is of great significance to achieve efficient signal transduction and amplification. Herein, using a soft-template strategy, UiO-67-type hierarchically mesoporous metal-organic frameworks (HMMOFs) were constructed to satisfy the requirements of such an artificial system. The key to the successful synthesis of HMUiO-67 is rooted in the utilization of the preformed cerium-oxo clusters as metal precursors, aligning the growth of MOF crystals with the mild conditions required for the self-assembly of the soft template.

Hybridized triboelectric nanogenerators for simultaneously scavenging droplet and wind energies.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted great attention due to the simple manufacturing process, low cost, and diverse forms of energy harvesting. However, the energy collected by individual TENG is relatively limited, making it necessary to develop new method to enhance the energy harvesting capability of TENG. Here, we design a hybridized TENG that integrates a droplet-driven TENG and a wind-driven TENG, which exhibits excellent electrical performance.

Efficient photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A on 2D-3D spherically hierarchical structure ZnInS.

Bisphenol A (BPA) poses a significant environmental threat due to its widespread use as an industrial chemical and its classification as an environmental endocrine disruptor. The urgent need for effective BPA removal has driven research toward innovative solutions. In this study, we present the synthesis and application of a novel 2D-3D spherically hierarchical ZnInS (ZIS) photocatalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of BPA under visible light for the first time.

A cross-lagged analysis of the relationship between marital quality and depression among the older adults: gender effects of socioeconomic status.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the mechanism and gender effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between marital quality and depression among the older adults, with the intention of providing a practical foundation for enhancing the quality of life of the older adults.

Methods: The data sourced from the third (conducted in 2015, denoted as the first survey) and fourth (carried out in 2018, regarded as the second survey) installments of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) were meticulously analyzed through the utilization of cross-lagged analytical techniques and moderating effect examination methodologies.

Results: Among the older adults, there exists a reciprocal causal relationship between marital quality and the level of depression.

Pre-treatment nutrition-related indicators and the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer: an ambispective cohort study.

Background: Few studies have explored the link between nutritional status and prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and existing findings are controversial. Thus, this study aimed to explore the effects of pre-treatment nutrition-related indicators on the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed EOC.

Methods: In this ambispective cohort study, 1,020 patients with EOC diagnosed by pathology examination were enrolled and followed-up until December 31, 2023.

Sugar-sweetened beverages, relative grip strength, and psychological symptoms among rural adolescents in western China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The increasing prevalence of psychological symptoms in adolescents has become an important problem faced by all countries in the world. The increased sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption and the decreased muscle strength had a serious negative impact on adolescent health. However, previous studies have mainly focused on adolescents in developed countries and fewer studies have been conducted in developing countries, especially in rural areas of western China.

Association between oxidative balance score and glaucoma in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Objective: To investigate the association between Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) and glaucoma risk.

Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2008), we analyzed 2,615 participants aged ≥40 years. OBS was calculated from 15 antioxidant and 5 pro-oxidant components, including dietary nutrients and lifestyle factors.

Solid Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Improved Oral Bioavailability of Relugolix: Preparation and Evaluation.

Purpose: To improve the oral absorption of relugolix (RLGL), which has low oral bioavailability due to its low solubility and being a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). A solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of relugolix (RLGL-S-SMEDDS) was prepared and evaluated in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The composition of the solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SMEDDS) was selected by solubility study and pseudo-ternary phase diagram, and further optimized by Design-Expert optimization design.