Proline rich-39 (PR-39) antimicrobial protein alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in piglets by altering intestinal flora associated bile acid metabolism and in turn regulating TGR-5/NF-κB/MLCK/MLC pathway.

Proline rich-39 (PR-39) is a natural antimicrobial protein with good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The miniature Wuzhishan pig (WZSP) has important similarities to humans in anatomical structure, physiological characteristics, and nutrient metabolism that make it an important model animal for biomedical research. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and therapeutic mechanism of PR-39 on intestinal barrier function using the LPS-induced enteritis model in WZSPs.

Unlocking the structure-activity relationship of mangrove condensed and hydrolysable tannins: Unveiling their potential ecological significance in antioxidant and antibacterial functions.

Tannins play key roles in regulating ecological processes within mangrove ecosystems, but the structures of mangrove condensed tannins (CT) and hydrolysable tannins (HT), as well as their antioxidant and antibacterial activities, are not well understood. In this study, MALDI-TOF MS was used to analyze the structural components of oligomers and polymers in phenolic extracts from Kandelia obovata, Aegiceras corniculatum, and Sonneratia apetala. Results identified two primary structural units: procyanidins (PC) and prodelphinidins (PD), with mass-to-charge ratios of 288 Da and 304 Da, respectively, and a 16 Da interval indicating differences in hydroxylation.

Enhancing cellulase production in Neurospora crassa through combined deletion of the phospholipase D-encoding gene pla-7 and modulation of transcription factor CLR-2 expression.

Neurospora crassa, a saprophytic fungus, naturally secretes plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, demonstrating strong cellulases production. Despite its century-long use as a model organism, its industrial applications are underexplored. We compared N.

Advancements, functionalization techniques, and multifunctional applications in biomedical and industrial fields of electrospun pectin nanofibers: A review.

Electrospun pectin nanofibers have emerged as a transformative advancement in biomaterials, offering remarkable potential across diverse biomedical and industrial applications. This review explores the synthesis, optimization, and versatile applications of electrospun pectin nanofibers, highlighting their unique properties, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and adaptability for functionalization. Pectin's structural diversity, coupled with its ability to form hydrogels and interact with biological systems, makes it a promising candidate for wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and smart packaging.

Fructus Mori polysaccharides modulate the axial distribution of gut microbiota and fecal metabolites to improve symptoms of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic mice.

To understand the gut microbiota composition in different intestinal segments is essential to clarify the structure-hypoglycemic relationship of Fructus Mori Polysaccharides (MFP). In this study, the spatial distribution of gut microbiota and fecal metabolites affected by MFP in type 2 diabetes mice was investigated using the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology and gas chromatography. The results showed that MFP could control body weight and reduce the blood glucose level.

Effect of sodium lignosulfonate as an additive in enhancing the corrosion and tribocorrosion behavior of micro-arc oxidation coatings on titanium alloy.

A corrosion and wear resistant coating was developed on the surface of titanium alloy using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technology with addition of lignin sulfonate (SLS) as an additive in electrolytes containing 15 g/L of NaSiO·9HO and 10 g/L of NaPO·12HO. The effects of concentration of SLS on the surface morphology, microstructure, and corrosion-wear performance of the MAO coatings were systematically investigated. Wetting properties and mechanical characteristics of MAO coatings were determined by contact angle measurements, microhardness testing, and bonding strength assessments.

Discovery of novel seven-membered ring derivatives of ONC212 as caseinolytic protease P protein activators using the ring expansion strategy: Rational design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation.

Caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) protein is essential for prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein homeostasis, and has emerged as a promising bactericidal target for controlling bacterial infection and evading the emergent of drug-resistance risk. As the unique bactericidal mechanism, ClpP loses its substrate specificity and undergoes uncontrolled protein hydrolysis in the presence of an activator, leading to causing bacterial death. To further expand the chemotype of ClpP activator, a series of ONC212 derivatives were synthesized using a ring expansion strategy.

A fully sustainable, flexible, and degradable lignocellulose-based composite film enabled by a bio-based polyimine vitrimer.

Traditionally unsustainable and nondegradable fossil-based based plastics have resulted in serious environment pollution problem. Renewable and biodegradable lignocellulose biomass is a promising raw martial for developing environmentally friendly plastic alternatives. However, lignocellulose biomass itself is non-thermoplastic crosslinking networks consisting of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose, resulting in a huge challenge to thermoform its into plastic alternatives.

Identification and functional regulation of two alternative splicing isoforms of the Uhrf2 gene in Miichthys miiuy.

Alternative splicing can produce a variety of splicing isoforms to increase protein diversity, participate in the regulation of gene expression and the occurrence and development of diseases, and thus play an important role in innate immunity. Ubiquitin like with PHD and ring finger domains 2 (Uhrf2) protein is associated with cell proliferation, inflammation, tumors and cancer, and is currently the focus of medical immunology research, but there is little research on alternative splicing of the Uhrf2 gene. In this study, we identified two different splice isoforms of Uhrf2 in Miichthys miiuy through Sanger sequencing, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, qRT-PCR, subcellular localization experiments, and named them Uhrf2-α and Uhrf2-β.

Network pharmacology combines cellular experiments to investigate the anti-inflammatory phytochemicals of vine of Pueraria montana var. lobata and their mechanism.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pueraria montana var. lobata (PM) has the effects of relieving muscle stiffness and fever, generating body fluids and quenching thirst, resolving rashes, raising yang and stopping diarrhea, unblocking meridians, and detoxifying alcohol. It is commonly used for the management of conditions including stiff neck and back pain, thirst, diabetes, unresolved measles, external fever with headache, dysentery, diarrhea, dizziness and headache, stroke with hemiplegia, chest and heart pain, and alcohol poisoning.

Zhizichi decoction alleviates depressive-like behaviors through modulating mitochondria-associated membrane via the IP3R3-GRP75-VDAC1 complex.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Zhizichi Decoction (ZZCD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is derived from the combination of Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis [Rubiaceae] and Semen Sojae Praeparatum, a fermented derivative of Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Exploration of scientific connotation of "Yin-Jing" medical properties of Cyathula Officinalis via potentiating therapeutic effect, guidance and targetability.

Unlabelled: ETHNIC PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: "Cyathula officinalis Kuan (COK)" has the effect of "guiding the drug downward" and can enhance the efficacy of formula, e.g., Shentong Zhuyu Decoction (STZYD).

Exploring dried ginger essential oil as a therapeutic strategy for 5-FU-induced mucositis: gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolite IAA-AHR/IL-22/STAT3 signaling axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) commonly induces severe mucositis, causing pain, inflammation, and gastrointestinal dysfunction, which significantly increases patient morbidity and reduces quality of life. In Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and other ethnopharmacological practices, dried ginger has been widely used to alleviate symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and inflammation, highlighting its important role in traditional medicine.

Aim Of The Study: This study explored the potential of dried ginger essential oil (DGEO) in mitigating intestinal epithelial barrier damage in mice with mucositis induced by 5-FU.

Danshen-Chuanxiong-Honghua Ameliorates Neurological Function and Inflammation in Traumatic Brain injury in Rats via Modulating Ghrelin/GHSR.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Guanxin II, proposed by Chen Keji (National master of traditional Chinese medicine), possesses cerebral-protective effect. Interestingly, its simplified prescription Danshen-Chuanxiong-Honghua (DCH) can also clinically ameliorate cerebral impairment and improve spatial cognitive deficits, similar to original formula's function.

Aim Of The Study: We aimed to elucidate the rationality of DCH's natural existence, qualitatively identify DCH-derived phytochemicals, thereby validate cerebral protective effect, and expose potential mechanism of DCH and its main absorbed compound ferulic acid (FA).

Shuxuetong Injection inhibits pyroptosis in acute ischemic stroke via CD44/NLRP3/GSDMD signal.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is an important cause of death and disability in the world. Based on the blood stasis syndrome of stroke, Shuxuetong Injection (SXT) is a representative prescription for the treatment of AIS, which extracted by modern technology from Whitmania pigra Whitman (Shuizhi) and Pheretima aspergillum E.Perrier (Dilong).

Lancao decoction alleviates Alzheimer's disease: depending on activating CaMKII to protect neuronal refunction by reducing β-amyloid in the hippocampus.

Ethnopharmacological Relevancy: Lancao decoction (LC) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation mentioned in the "Huangdineijing", known for its ability to dispel turbidity and eliminate heat. TCM believes that the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is phlegm turbidity, and the fiery internal obstruction of the gods, which suggests that LC has the possibility of treating.

Aim Of The Study: This investigation will examine the possibilities of LC to improve AD and uncover the underlying mechanisms.

Erianin isolated from Dendrobium huoshanense alleviated neuroinflammation in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease model via NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, yet effective therapeutic options remain limited. Dendrobium huoshanense (DH), a medicinal and edible herb mainly distributed in Ta-pieh Mountains of Central China, has been used to treat disorders of consciousness and chronic nervous diseases in the local hospital for thousands of years. Erianin, a bioactive bibenzyl compound isolated from DH, has emerged as a potential neuroprotective agent due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Enhanced dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium and electron transfer mechanisms in bidirectional electron transfer biofilm constructed by iron phthalocyanine.

Bidirectional electron transfer biofilms (BETB) could efficiently reduce nitrate without accumulating nitrite, representing a promising biological electrochemical denitrification technology. This study utilized iron phthalocyanine modified carbon felt (FePc-CF) to enrich electroactive bacteria, constructing a long-term stable FePc-BETB. Its nitrate removal rate reached 91%, far exceeding the traditional nitrate-reducing biocathode (45%) and Con-BETB (46%).

Alkaline-thermal synergistic activation of persulfate for sawdust hour-level humification to prepare fulvic-like-acid fertilizer.

Sawdust is a by-product of wood processing and it was rapidly humified with KSO under alkaline-thermal synergistic activation to produce a fulvic-like-acid (FLA) organic fertilizer (SFOF) in this study. The optimum conditions were KSO: KOH mass ratio of 1:2 and 150℃, meanwhile FLA yield could reach 180.3 mg/g in 2 h.

Lipid profiles of green conversion from corn-ethanol co-product via Aspergillus niger.

High-value recycling of agro-industrial by-products is the focus of global sustainable development. A method of the recovery and utilization of corn-ethanol co-product to produce functional lipids via Aspergillus niger (A. niger) was proposed.

Perspectives on adhesion and irreversible fouling to delineate mitigation effects of autoinducer-2 mediated quorum quenching on biofouling.

This study systematically investigated the effect of interfering with autoinducer-2 (AI-2) signaling system on controlling initial fouling attachment and irreversible components. Exposure of bacteria to the inhibitor significantly reduced the expression of the luxS gene, which resulted in a 37.3% reduction of AI-2 signaling molecule synthesis.

Kaempferide enhances type I interferon signaling as a novel broad-spectrum antiviral agent.

Broad-spectrum antivirals (BSAs) possess unique advantages of being effective against a wide range of both existing and unpredictable emerging viral infections. The host type I interferon (IFN) response serves as a universal defense against diverse viral infections nonspecifically, providing attractive targets to develop novel BSAs. In this study, we identified the flavonoid kaempferide as an enhancer of the type I IFN activated Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, promoting the expression of IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) and the establishment of cellular antiviral status.

Resveratrol reduces RVLM neuron activity via activating the AMPK/Sirt3 pathway in stress-induced hypertension.

Neuronal hyperexcitability in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), driven by oxidative stress, plays a crucial role in stress-induced hypertension (SIH). While resveratrol (RSV) is known for its antioxidant properties, its effects on RVLM neurons in SIH remain unclear. We investigated this using an SIH rat model exposed to electric foot shocks and noise stimulation for 15 days.

Impact of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery on Psychological Outcomes in Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: The occurrence of pain catastrophizing, depression, and anxiety is prevalent among patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocol (ERAS-P) has demonstrated its efficacy in alleviating peri-operative stress responses in such patients. This study endeavors to explore the influence of ERAS-P on patient satisfaction, as well as the levels of pain catastrophizing, surgery-related anxiety, and depression following primary THA.

Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis facilitates the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Mitochondrial malfunction is traditionally viewed as a major factor in tumor growth and malignancy, while recent studies have introduced conflicting views suggesting the necessity of functional mitochondria for tumor growth. Despite these differing perspectives, the specific role of mitochondria in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) remains poorly understood. In this study, we observed increased mitochondrial abundance and function during the development of cSCC.