[Consensus Recommendations for Lung Cancer Screening in Chile].

Unlabelled: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, also in Chile, where the main risk factor is smoking. Early detection using low-dose computed tomography has been shown to reduce mortality from this cause, but there are still no formal screening recommendations in Chile.

Aim: This initiative aimed to develop recommendations for lung cancer screening in Chile through an expert consensus process.

[Workplace Inclusion for Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities under Law 21.015: A Narrative Review to Understand Its Implications for Healthcare Teams].

Unlabelled: Individuals with psychiatric disabilities face significant challenges in achieving workforce inclusion, presenting a critical public health issue. The enactment of Law 21.015 on this matter offers an opportunity for improvement.

[Tacrolimus in Difficult to Treat Proteinuria Associated with Lupus Nephritis. Experience of 3 Centers].

Unlabelled: The management of proteinuria in patients with lupus nephritis represents a challenge for the specialist. Recently, Calcineurin Inhibitors have been positioned as an effective alternative in these patients, but their use is not widespread in our country. We report the experience of three centers in this regard.

[Association of the 5HTTLPR/rs25531 Genetic Variant with Depression in a Cohort of Primary Care Patients].

Unlabelled: Serotonin plays a central role in mood regulation and the development of depressive disorders. The serotonin transporter, the primary regulator of serotonin levels, presents genetic variants that affect its functionality.

Aim: To study whether functional bi-allelic 5-HTTLPR or tri-allelic 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene are associated with the diagnosis of depression.

[Characteristics of Hospitalized Adults with Severe Hyponatremia: A Comparison of Patients with Severe and Very Severe Hyponatremia in Terms of Etiology, Symptoms, Treatment Response, and Mortality].

Unlabelled: Hyponatremia is the most common hydroelectrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients. It is unclear whether there are differences between severe hyponatremia (<125 mEq/L) and very severe hyponatremia (<115 mEq/L) in terms of etiology, response to therapy, and mortality.

Aim: Describe the etiology, symptoms, response to treatment and mortality of hospitalized adults with severe and very severe hyponatremia.

[Experience in Implementing an Integrated Cardiometabolic Practice Unit in a Private Healthcare Provider: A Value-Based Care Model].

Unlabelled: Cardiovascular diseases, in addition to being a health problem for Chile, ranking as the second leading cause of death, also impose a significant economic burden on the country. Aiming to reduce these diseases' health and economic impact, we decided to structure a Cardiometabolic Integrated Practice Unit (UPI) at the FUSAT Clinical Hospital. Unlike the current organization of healthcare systems in Chile, a UPI is structured throughout the entire cycle of care (from promotion and prevention to rehabilitation), with a multidisciplinary team (both clinical and administrative) organized around closely related medical conditions or a set of health conditions.

[A Public Database of biomechanical parameters of gait in young Chileans].

Unlabelled: Biomechanical analysis of gait encompasses the measurement of spatiotemporal (STVs), kinematics, and kinetics variables. The behavior of these variables can provide clinicians and researchers with insights into the normality or alteration of this motor act across different populations. However, there is a lack of reference data for the Chilean population.

[Erdheim Chester Histiocytosis as a Diagnostic Challenge in a Systemic Presentation: A Case Report].

Histiocytosis are caused by pathogenic myeloid cells, and can be classified as Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and non-LCH. Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a non-LCH, characterized by multi-organ involvement, typical imaging findings, and confirmatory histological studies. A case with multi-organ involvement and histological confirmation is presented.

[Granulomas in Intestinal Biopsies? Intestinal Tuberculosis Mimicking Crohn's Disease: A Case Report].

Intestinal tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that represents 10% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. It is known as the great mimicker due to its clinical presentation similar to other diseases such as Crohn's Disease or Neoplastic Intestinal Disease. Its diagnosis is complex, given the paucibacillary characteristic of the disease.

[Review of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Based on a Clinical Case].

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant disease with an estimated prevalence of 2 per 100,000. This disease is caused by a mutation in the tumor suppressor gene MEN1, which is located on chromosome 11 and codifies the menin protein. It is characterized by a predisposition of parathyroids, enteropancreatic, and anterior pituitary tumors, affecting the quality of life and lifespan of those who have the disease.

[Bivalvular Infective Endocarditis with Involvement of the Mitroaortic Fibrosis by Staphylococcus lugdunensis].

Bivalvular infective endocarditis is a clinical presentation that is associated to a greater extent with adverse outcomes. The involvement of the intervalvular mitral-aortic fibrosa is a rare complication associated with high mortality rates, requiring high complexity surgery. We report a case of a young male presenting to the emergency department with bivalvular endocarditis and mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa involvement.

[Updates in General Management and Frequent Complications Following Adult Liver Transplant].

Liver transplantation (LT) is a cost-effective therapy for advanced liver disease. Although LT significantly improves long-term survival, it requires strict control of immunosuppressants and their potential complications. Several available immunosuppressive drugs include glucocorticoids, calcineurin inhibitors, mycophenolate, mTOR inhibitors, and anti-CD25 antibodies.

[Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation without Transfusion Support in Jehovah's Witness Patients. A case series].

Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation (ASTC) has proven efficacy in several hematological malignancies. The greatest antineoplastic effect achieved with intensified chemotherapy is associated with severe myelotoxicity. The infusion of autologous hematopoietic precursors and transfusion support during the period of aplasia reduces the time and depth of cytopenias, decreasing the risk of bleeding, anemia and life-threatening infections.

[Perceived Benefits of a Virtual Educational Program for Older People: A Qualitative Exploration].

Unlabelled: Education in older adults is a powerful tool for transforming themselves and their environment; through it, it is possible to change beliefs and attitudes that allow for deep and meaningful learning, enabling this age group to transmit what they have learned to their peers.

Aim: To describe the perceived benefits six months after completing the Senior-FITT Peer Instructors Diploma, a pioneering virtual educational program in Chile.

Materials And Methods: A qualitative study was conducted based on a theoretical, methodological approach that derives from grounded theory.

[Epidemiological Surveillance of Mumps Virus Infections in Chile: Laboratory Diagnosis During the Occurrence of the 2018 and 2019 Outbreak].

Unlabelled: Mumps infections primarily affect childhood and the hallmark of infection is swelling of the parotid glands. The mumps cases decreased noticeably in Chile with the introduction of the triple virus vaccine.

Aim: During 2018 and 2019, an outbreak occurred and affected persons between 20 and 35 years old.

[Pancreatoduodenectomy in Octogenarian Patients and the Need for Standardized Evaluation].

Unlabelled: Pancreatoduodenectomy represents the only curative alternative in patients with periampullary tumors, currently with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates. However, there is little evidence in octogenarian patients.

Aim: To describe the experience of octogenarian patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy for tumors of the periampullary area at the Hospital Clínico de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

[Expert Validation of the FACT-C Survey for Measuring Quality of Life in Chilean Patients Diagnosed with Colorectal Cancer].

Unlabelled: In Chile, there is limited information regarding the effects on the quality of life of patients undergoing colorectal resective surgery. Although the GES guideline of management of Colorectal Cancer (2013) includes a quality-of-life survey, presented in a non-translated version to Spanish, without instructions regarding its application method, and recently validated (2023). On the other hand, post-surgical and oncological follow-ups focus on evaluating symptoms, signs, and complementary tests associated with recurrences, leaving the non-standardized evaluation of quality of life to the discretion of the healthcare provider.

Association between body mass index and all-cause mortality in older people: A prospective analysis of the Chilean National Health Survey 2009-2010.

Unlabelled: There is a divergence in the results of studies that have explored the association between body mass index (BMI) and health outcomes in different contexts.

Aim: This study investigated the association between BMI and all-cause mortality in older Chilean people.

Methods: 1.

Ecthyma Gangrenosum Caused by Klebsiella Pneumoniae: A Rare Entity with Devastating Consequences.

This report describes the case of a 64-year-old female patient, with multiple comorbidities which presented an ecthyma gangrenosum due to Klebsiella pneumoniae confirmed by blood and tissue cultures. It finally ended in the amputation of the limb. The case is presented given the low prevalence of positive cultures for this microorganism in this pathology associated to devastating consequences for the patient.

[Acute Myocardial Infarction as a Presentation of Takayasu Arteritis in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis: Case Report and Review of the Topic].

A 36-year-old woman with ulcerative colitis presented with progressive chest pain and neurovegetative symptoms. The electrocardiogram showed ST segment elevation in the inferior wall. The patient had a previous history of fatigue and night sweats.

[Effect of ICT Use on Glycemic Control in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review].

Unlabelled: Information and communication technologies constitute a resource that can improve the effectiveness of programs focused on people with chronic diseases, especially those with type 2 diabetes mellitus, strengthening the care management provided by the nursing professional.

Aim: To evaluate the available evidence to understand the effects of information and communication technologies on glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.

Material And Methods: Databases used for research were Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus between January and March of 2023.

Education of Patients with Asthma Leading to the Self-management of their Condition? The primary Health Care Providers' Approach.

Unlabelled: Asthma is a chronic non-communicable disease considered a serious health problem worldwide. The Chronic Care Model promotes the self-management of patients' chronic conditions. This process requires an active engagement of health professionals to provide education for patients to manage their disease better.