Ageism and Loneliness in People Over 50: Understanding the Role of Self-Perception of Aging and Social Isolation in a Chilean Sample.

Population aging represents a global challenge. In this context, loneliness has positioned itself as a critical problem with adverse effects on the physical and mental health of the elderly. This study aimed to explore the role of negative self-perception of aging (SPA) and social isolation as mediators in the relationship between ageism and loneliness.

Is Social Jetlag Associated With Physical Fitness Among Spanish Adolescents? Insights From the EHDLA Study.

Background: The misalignment of sleeping times during weekdays/weekends (i.e., social jetlag) is particularly common among adolescents and plausibly associated with their physical fitness.

Iodinated Contrast Adsorption in Cartridges With Styrene-Divinylbenzene Sorbent.

Background: Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is frequent in patients with chronic kidney disease who are submitted to cardiac endovascular procedures using iodinated contrast. In hemoadsorption, cartridges containing styrene-divinylbenzene sorbent resin are applied to remove substances from the blood through an extracorporeal circuit. Importantly, iodinated contrast is also removed via adsorption.

Increasing the Orthogonality of 4-Pyridiniophenols: An NMR Study of Their Solvatomagnetism.

The H- and C-NMR spectra of three substituted N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyridinium perchlorates, precursors of solvatochromic 4-pyridiniophenolate betaines, were recorded in deuterated acetone, dimethylsulfoxide, and acetonitrile, and their spectral behavior in these solvents was analyzed as evidence of the solute-solvent interactions present in solution. The effect of the increasing orthogonality between the phenolic and pyridinium fragments was clearly evident from the obtained spectra, thus shedding light on the ground-state structures of their deprotonated solvatochromic derivatives and their interactions with the solvent.

Persistent Effects of Landscape Context on Recruitment Dynamics During Secondary Succession of Tropical Forests.

Large-scale reforestation is promoted as an important strategy to mitigate climate change and biodiversity loss. A persistent challenge for efforts to restore ecosystems at scale is how to accelerate ecological processes, particularly natural regeneration. Yet, despite being recognized as an important barrier to the recovery of diverse plant communities in tropical agricultural landscapes, the impacts of dispersal limitation on natural regeneration in secondary forests-and especially how this changes as these forests grow older-are still poorly studied.

Maximal Fat Oxidation Rate in Healthy Young Adults. Influence of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Level and Sex.

Introduction: The maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the exercise intensity that provokes MFO (FATMAX) are inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy young sedentary adults. However, how both cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level and sex influence MFO during exercise and the FATMAX is seldom analyzed.

Objectives: This study is aimed at determining the influence of CRF and sex on MFO.

A Bayesian Multivariate Model With Temporal Dependence on Random Partition of Areal Data for Mosquito-Borne Diseases.

More than half of the world's population is exposed to mosquito-borne diseases, leading to millions of cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths every year. Analyzing this type of data is complex and poses several interesting challenges, mainly due to the usually vast geographic area involved, the peculiar temporal behavior, and the potential correlation between infections. Motivation for this work stems from the analysis of tropical disease data, namely, the number of cases of dengue and chikungunya, for the 145 microregions in Southeast Brazil from 2018 to 2022.

Some Challenges of Diffused Interfaces in Implicit-Solvent Models.

The standard Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) model for molecular electrostatics assumes a sharp variation of the permittivity and salt concentration along the solute-solvent interface. The discontinuous field parameters are not only difficult numerically, but also are not a realistic physical picture, as it forces the dielectric constant and ionic strength of bulk in the near-solute region. An alternative to alleviate some of these issues is to represent the molecular surface as a diffuse interface, however, this also presents challenges.

Optimizing Post-activation Performance Enhancement in Athletic Tasks: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis for Prescription Variables and Research Methods.

Background: Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) has demonstrated efficacy in acutely improving athletic performance. However, its distinction from general warm-up (GW) effects remains ambiguous, and experimental designs adopted in most PAPE studies exhibit important limitations.

Objectives: The aims of this work are to (i) examine the effects of research methodology on PAPE outcomes, (ii) explore PAPE outcomes in relation to comparison methods, performance measures, GW comprehensiveness, recovery duration, participants' characteristics, conditioning activity (CA) parameters, and (iii) make recommendations for future PAPE experimental designs on the basis of the results of the meta-analysis.

Sleep apnea screening through a news portal using the STOP-bang questionnaire.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects up to 936 million adults globally and is linked to significant health risks, including neurocognitive impairment, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic conditions. Despite its prevalence, OSA remains largely underdiagnosed. This study aimed to enhance OSA awareness and risk assessment using the STOP-Bang questionnaire in a telemedicine format.

Resignifying Equal and Specialized Distributions of Housework and Childcare within Cohabiting Same-Gender Couples in Chile.

Same-gender couples typically appear as examples of complete egalitarianism. However, previous studies indicate that same-gender couples may also involve role specialization. We conducted 24 life history interviews with people in a same-gender relationship, cohabiting for at least one year in Chile, with the aim to explore distributions of housework and childcare and the ways interviewees justify their arrangements.

Regional challenges to optimize the management of patients with severe asthma type 2 inflammation: a Delphi consensus in seven countries.

Severe asthma burdens patients and presents clinical management challenges for healthcare professionals. Biologics are crucial interventions for severe type two (T2) patients with high eosinophil counts. We conducted a Delphi consensus in seven developing or typically underrepresented countries to understand expert agreement on managing severe asthma with type two (T2) inflammation.

Insights into the Planarization of Benzo-Thianthrene Rings: Relevance of Electronic and Steric Effects with Resulting Aromatic Properties.

Covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) are useful architectures for two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) active materials. Recently, the characterization of the nonplanar benzo[5,6][1,4]dithiino[2,3-]thianthrene-6,13-dicarbonitrile (bTEpCN), as a prototypical section of 2D COFs, enables further understanding of the properties on such extended networks. Upon adsorption on the Au(111) surface, planarization of bTEpCN is achieved.

Encephalitis by Epstein Barr Virus in a Transplant Immunosuppressed Patient.

Encephalitis due to Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a rare condition that primarily affects children and immunosuppressed patients. Diagnosing EBV encephalitis can be challenging due to its nonspecific clinical presentation and the lack of confirmatory tests. We present the case of a 66-year-old woman with a history of kidney transplantation who was admitted due to progressive subacute mental deterioration, preceded by vertigo and without fever.

[Training Present and Future Doctors for Chile: How Many and For What? The Urgent Need to Review the Physician Quota Generation Model].

Before 1990, Chile showed fewer medical schools, six in total, increasing to 13 by 2000. From then on, there was an explosive increase, reaching 29 faculties or schools by 2024. Medical students increased from 1,816 in 2010 to 3,000 by 2024.

[Duties of the Physician in Relation to the Use of Alternative and Complementary Medicines by Their Patients].

In the prevailing medical pluralism of contemporary society, alternative and complementary medicine occupy a relevant place, comprising a heterogeneous group of practices with different values depending on tradition and social acceptance. Their scarce regulation and growing use, facilitated by promotion through social networks and distrust of the dominant biomedical model, have generated interest among medical organizations and health authorities in their use and consequences. Appreciations vary from outright rejection to interest in its adoption by public health systems as part of their services.

[Coronary Angiography in Clinical Practice: Update on Indications, Complications, and Contraindications].

Unlabelled: Coronary angiography (CA) is the gold standard for identifying the presence and extent of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease or dynamic stenosis of the arteries.

Aim: Review of the literature and international clinical guidelines on the evidence of its indications in different clinical scenarios.

Method: Qualitative study through a narrative review of the current indications of the technique, limitations, possible complications and contraindications.

[Another Lesson from the Pandemic: Supervisor Social Support for Mental Health Protection in Healthcare Workers, Chile].

Unlabelled: The mental health of healthcare workers is strongly affected, and more evidence is needed to determine the dimensions of risk and protection related to the presence of anxious and depressive symptomatology.

Aim: To determine whether working conditions, social support and socio-occupational characteristics are associated with anxious and depressive symptoms reported by healthcare workers during the pandemic in Chile.

Methods: Observational, correlational and cross-sectional study.

[Social Determinants of Combined Use of Alcohol and Non-prescription Drugs in Older Adults: A Population-based Study in Chile].

Unlabelled: Alcohol consumption by older adults has been called the "silent epidemic." An aging population and high levels of alcohol consumption increase the future challenge for epidemiology and public health. In addition, the misuse of prescription drugs is a growing public health problem associated with increased hospitalizations and health complications in older adults.

[Neurocognitive Performance in Patients with End-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease: Differences Between Conservative Medical Management and Hemodialysis].

Unlabelled: No consensus has been reached about how cognitive performance evolves in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD).

Aim: to analyze the cognitive performance of patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing conservative medical management or HD.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study.

[Diversity and Institution: Scopes for Health Sciences Education].

Unlabelled: With the growing access to higher education, the university population has become increasingly heterogeneous. This situation has forced educational institutions to rethink their work. Health schools, specifically, must not only ensure the acquisition of technical-professional competencies, but also promote comprehensive training in students in this area.