Enhanced Drive Current in 10 nm Channel Length Gate-All-Around Field-Effect Transistor Using Ultrathin Strained Si/SiGe Channel.

The continuous scaling down of MOSFETs is one of the present trends in semiconductor devices to increase device performance. Nevertheless, with scaling down beyond 22 nm technology, the performance of even the newer nanodevices with multi-gate architecture declines with an increase in short channel effects (SCEs). Consequently, to facilitate further increases in the drain current, the use of strained silicon technology provides a better solution.

Isolated Dipolar ONN Schiff Base Regioisomers: Synthesis, Characterization and Crystallographic Study.

Organic compounds with 1,3-diketone or 3-amino enone functional groups are extremely important as they can be converted into a plethora of carbo- or heterocyclic derivatives or can be used as ligands in the formation of metal complexes. Here, we have achieved the preparation of a series of non-symmetrical β-ketoenamines (O,N,N proligand) of the type (4-MeOCH)C(=O)CH=C(R)NH(Q) obtained through the Schiff base condensation of 1,3-diketones (1-anisoylacetone, 1-anisyl-3-(4-cyanophenyl)-1,3-propanedione, and 1-anisyl-3-(4,4,4-trifluorotolyl)-1,3-propanedione) functionalized with electron donor and electron-withdrawing substituents and 8-aminoquinoline (R = CH, 4-CHCN, 4-CHCF; Q = CHN). Schiff base ketoimines with a pendant quinolyl moiety were isolated as single regioisomers in yields of 22-56% and characterized with FT-IR, H NMR, and UV-visible spectroscopy, as well as single-crystal X-ray crystallography, which allowed for the elucidation of the nature of the isolated regioisomers.

Release and Disintegration Properties of Poly(lactic Acid) Films with Allyl Isothiocyanate-β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes for Active Food Packaging.

This study aimed to enhance the properties and compostability of active poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films by incorporating β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes with allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). Films were prepared using melt extrusion and characterized based on their structural, chemical, morphological, thermal, and barrier properties. These inclusion complexes improved the thermal stability and moisture absorption of films, enhancing disintegration under composting conditions.

MET Exon 14 Skipping and Novel Actionable Variants: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications in Latin American Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Targeted therapy indications for actionable variants in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have primarily been studied in Caucasian populations, with limited data on Latin American patients. This study utilized a 52-genes next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel to analyze 1560 tumor biopsies from NSCLC patients in Chile, Brazil, and Peru. The RNA sequencing reads and DNA coverage were correlated to improve the detection of the actionable exon 14 skipping variant (METex14).

Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Expressing Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II in Secondary Lymphoid Organs in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Prone Mice.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by self-antibody production and widespread inflammation affecting various body tissues. This disease is driven by the breakdown of immune tolerance, which promotes the activation of autoreactive B and T cells. A key feature of SLE is dysregulation in antigen presentation, where antigen-presenting cells (APCs) play a central role in perpetuating immune responses.

Imaging-Based Molecular Interaction Between Src and Lamin A/C Mechanosensitive Proteins in the Nucleus of Laminopathic Cells.

Laminopathies represent a wide range of genetic disorders caused by mutations in gene-encoding proteins of the nuclear lamina. Altered nuclear mechanics have been associated with laminopathies, given the key role of nuclear lamins as mechanosensitive proteins involved in the mechanotransduction process. To shed light on the nuclear partners cooperating with altered lamins, we focused on Src tyrosine kinase, known to phosphorylate proteins of the nuclear lamina.

SLC7A11 Expression Is Up-Regulated in HPV- and Tobacco-Associated Lung Cancer.

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) are the etiological agents of cervical, anogenital, and a subset of oropharyngeal cancers. In addition, HR-HPVs have been detected in lung carcinomas worldwide, even though the role of these viruses in this type of cancer is not fully understood. This study evaluated the presence of HPV in a cohort of 204 lung cancer cases by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Luminex.

Association Between Temperature, Sunlight Hours, and Daily Steps in School-Aged Children over a 35-Week Period.

: To examine the associations between gradients of average daily temperature and sunlight hours with daily steps over a 35-week period in school-aged children and to evaluate whether there were differences by sex. : We conducted a follow-up study involving 655 children (50.8% girls, mean age 10.

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Blood Pressure Levels in Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to (I) evaluate the evidence on the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in hypertensive patients; (II) determine whether HIIT impacts SBP and DBP differently; and (III) assess the clinical relevance of these effects.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple electronic databases, resulting in the inclusion of seven randomized clinical trials in the meta-analysis. The outcomes were analyzed using random-effects models to compute mean differences (MD) and standardized mean differences (SMD) for SBP and DBP.

Correlation Between Modified Functional Reach Test and Medio-Lateral Center of Pressure in Paraplegic Individuals With Motor-Complete Spinal Cord Injury.

The Modified Functional Reach Test (mFRT) was developed to assess sitting balance in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). No studies have explored which mFRT reach directions correlate with the center of pressure (CoP) variables in patients with motor-complete SCI (mcSCI). Addressing this gap is important for improving the clinical usefulness of the mFRT.

Finding the Mole and Choosing the Apple: Executive Function Challenges in Children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD).

Background: Children with a developmental language disorder (DLD) frequently experience deficits in cognitive skills such as working memory (WM) and sustained attention (SA), which are closely related to language development. Yet, these cognitive deficits remain underexplored in early childhood, particularly during the preschool years.

Objective: This study explores WM and SA in Chilean preschoolers with a DLD compared to their typically developing (TD) peers, using the nonverbal tasks "Torpo the Clumsy Mole" for WM and the Continuous Performance Task (CPT) "Duno and the Worms" for SA, both from the Child Neuropsychological Evaluation Test (TENI in Spanish).

Studying Rare Movement Disorders: From Whole-Exome Sequencing to New Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches in a Modern Genetic Clinic.

Rare movement disorders often have a genetic etiology. New technological advances have increased the odds of achieving genetic diagnoses: next-generation sequencing (NGS) (whole-exome sequencing-WES; whole-genome sequencing-WGS) and long-read sequencing (LRS). In 2017, we launched a WES program for patients with rare movement disorders of suspected genetic etiology.

Comprehensive Gerontological Assessment: An Update on the Concept and Its Evaluation Tools in Latin America and the Caribbean-A Literature Review.

In recent decades, Latin America and the Caribbean region have experienced accelerated aging. However, despite the significant progress of gerontology in the region, the number of geriatricians and professionals trained in the field is low; a notable gap in the training related to the assessment of older adults can also be observed. Therefore, in this literature review, we update the concept of Comprehensive Gerontological Assessment (CGA) for its application in the region.

Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake Among Women with Disabilities: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in Chile.

The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is one of the most effective methods for cervical cancer screening. However, women with disabilities are less likely to be screened. The objective of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in Pap test utilisation between women with and without disabilities and to analyse the demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related characteristics associated with Pap test uptake among women with disabilities in Chile.

Adaptation and Validation of the Multidimensional Fairness Scale in Chilean University Students.

The Multidimensional Fairness Scale (MFS) assesses an individual's experience of fairness across the many contexts of daily life. It has been applied in the USA; however, the psychometric qualities of reliability and validity have not been examined in a Spanish-speaking population or among Chilean university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 377 university students to explore these properties.

Navigating Uncertainty: The Role of Mood and Confidence in Decision-Making Flexibility and Performance.

Dealing with uncertainty is a pivotal skill for adaptive decision-making across various real-life contexts. Cognitive models suggest that individuals continuously update their knowledge based on past choices and outcomes. Traditionally, uncertainty has been linked to negative states such as fear and anxiety.

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Murtilla Leaves (.) in Beef Patties: Effects on Quality Parameters and Shelf Life.

Beef patties are highly consumed worldwide. However, its formulations often include synthetic antioxidants and antimicrobials. Murtilla (.

Influence of Organic Nitrogen Derived from Recycled Wine Lees and Inorganic Nitrogen on the Chemical Composition of Cabernet Sauvignon Wines Fermented in the Presence of Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts , , and .

In this study, the influences of inorganic nitrogen source (INS) and organic nitrogen source (ONS) supplementation during the wine fermentation process using three non-Saccharomyces yeasts (, , and ) were analyzed. Diamine phosphate (DAP) was used as an INS, and lees enzymatic hydrolysate was used as an ONS. Complete alcoholic fermentation and a higher concentration of volatile compounds were obtained in fermentations with ONS, mainly esters from 81 to 4564 µg/L, alcohols from 231 to 7294 µg/L, and isoamyl acetate ester compounds from 12.

Preparation of Nanocomposite Biopolymer Films from Willd Starch and Their Nanostructures as a Potential Replacement for Single-Use Polymers.

This study explored the effect of incorporating cellulose and starch nanoparticles, obtained from the Willd plant, on the physical and chemical properties of starch-based films derived from the same plant. Additionally, the synergistic effect of combining the nanostructures was assessed. The nanocomposite biopolymer films were prepared by the casting method using 1 and 3 wt% concentrations of the nanostructures (CNCs: cellulose nanocrystals, CNFs: cellulose nanofibers, SNCs: starch nanocrystals), or their blend.

Thermodynamic Behavior of Doped Graphene: Impact of Heavy Dopant Atoms.

This study investigates the effect of incorporating heavy dopant atoms on the topological transitions in the energy spectrum of graphene, as well as on its thermodynamic properties. A tight-binding model is employed that incorporates a lattice composition parameter associated with the dopant's effect to obtain the electronic spectrum of graphene. Thus, the substitutional atoms in the lattice impact the electronic structure of graphene by altering the connectivity of the Dirac cones and the symmetry of the energy surface in their spectrum.

Boson-Fermion Algebraic Mapping in Second Quantization.

We present an algebraic method to derive the structure at the basis of the mapping of bosonic algebras of creation and annihilation operators into fermionic algebras, and vice versa, introducing a suitable identification between bosonic and fermionic generators. The algebraic structure thus obtained corresponds to a deformed Grassmann-type algebra, involving anticommuting Grassmann-type variables. The role played by the latter in implementing gauge invariance in second quantization within our procedure is then discussed.

Air Quality Prediction Based on Singular Spectrum Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks.

Singular spectrum analysis is a powerful nonparametric technique used to decompose the original time series into a set of components that can be interpreted as trend, seasonal, and noise. For their part, neural networks are a family of information-processing techniques capable of approximating highly nonlinear functions. This study proposes to improve the precision in the prediction of air quality.

Multimodal Non-Extensive Frequency-Magnitude Distributions and Their Relationship to Multi-Source Seismicity.

We investigate multimodal seismicity by analyzing it as the result of multiple seismic sources. We examine three case studies: the Redoubt and Spurr regions in Alaska, where volcanic and subduction-related seismicity occur, and the Kii Peninsula in Japan, where shallow and deep earthquakes are clearly separated. To understand this phenomenon, we perform spatial, temporal, and magnitude analyses.

Unveiling Hidden Allies: In Silico Discovery of Prophages in Species.

Unlabelled: Tenacibaculosis, caused by species, is a significant disease in aquaculture, leading to high mortality and economic losses. Antibiotic treatment raises concerns about resistance, making phage therapy an interesting alternative. Analyzing phage traces in genomes is crucial for developing these bacteriophage-based strategies.

Assessing the Theoretical Efficacy of Combination Therapy Against Gram-Negative Infections in Neutropenic Pediatric Cancer Patients: Insights from the Statistical Analysis of Survey Data.

: Empirical antibacterial therapy for febrile neutropenia reduces mortality due to Gram-negative blood stream infections (BSIs). Pediatric guidelines recommend monotherapy with an antipseudomonal beta-lactam or a carbapenem and to add a second anti-Gram-negative agent in selected situations. We evaluated the changes in the proportions of resistance of beta-lactam monotherapies vs.