90,125 results match your criteria: "Chile; ‡Hospital del Nino[Affiliation]"

This case presents a 69-year-old woman with a previous history of arterial hypertension. A transthoracic echocardiogram was requested in the context of shortness of breath with great exercise. Incidentally, at the aortic valve level, a mobile mass suggestive of papillary fibroelastoma was visualized.

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Chile is a South American country that spans 4,300 km from north to south. Population density and access to critical care are highly concentrated in Santiago's metropolitan region. After the educational challenges posed by the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, our critical care department at the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile in Santiago created the Respiratory Therapy Postgraduate Certificate as an educational intervention to address the shortage of healthcare professionals with knowledge and skills in performing respiratory support in critically ill patients.

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Early childhood is a key opportunity to establish healthy eating behaviors and prevent future non-communicable diseases associated with poor diets. How to effectively intervene in the system of the many determinants influencing children's dietary intake remains unclear. This scoping review aimed to map the determinants of nutrition and eating that have been addressed in early childhood nutrition interventions and identify which of these improve dietary intake.

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Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass may present long-term complications that require revisional surgery or even reversal to normal anatomy. Data on the indications, surgical technique, and outcomes of RYGB reversal remain scarce.

Methods: We identified 48 cases of RYGB reversals with complete 90-day follow-up within a multi-centric international retrospective database of elective secondary bariatric surgery.

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Environmental Enrichment and Epigenetic Changes in the Brain: From the Outside to the Deep Inside.

Subcell Biochem

January 2025

Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.

The brain plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis and effective interaction with the environment, shaped by genetic and environmental factors throughout neurodevelopment and maturity. While genetic components dictate initial neurodevelopment stages, epigenetics-specifically neuroepigenetics-modulates gene expression in response to environmental influences, allowing for brain adaptability and plasticity. This interplay is particularly evident in neuropathologies like Rett syndrome and CDKL5 deficiency syndrome, where disruptions in neuroepigenetic processes underline significant cognitive and motor impairments.

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Epigenetics in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Subcell Biochem

January 2025

Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.

Healthy brain functioning requires a continuous fine-tuning of gene expression, involving changes in the epigenetic landscape and 3D chromatin organization. Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are three multifactorial neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) that are partially explained by genetics (gene mutations and genetic risk factors) and influenced by non-genetic factors (i.e.

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Epigenetics in Learning and Memory.

Subcell Biochem

January 2025

Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.

In animals, memory formation and recall are essential for their survival and for adaptations to a complex and often dynamically changing environment. During memory formation, experiences prompt the activation of a selected and sparse population of cells (engram cells) that undergo persistent physical and/or chemical changes allowing long-term memory formation, which can last for decades. Over the past few decades, important progress has been made on elucidating signaling mechanisms by which synaptic transmission leads to the induction of activity-dependent gene regulation programs during the different phases of learning (acquisition, consolidation, and recall).

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Introduction: Childhood obesity is a major global public health issue globally and in Brazil. The impacts of childhood obesity include higher risk of disease during childhood and of obesity and non-communicable diseases in adulthood and represent an important epidemiological and economic burden to countries. This study aims to analyze the trends and to estimate the direct healthcare costs of childhood and adolescent obesity to the National Health System from 2013 to 2022.

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Intercellular mitochondria transfer is an evolutionarily conserved process in which one cell delivers some of their mitochondria to another cell in the absence of cell division. This process has diverse functions depending on the cell types involved and physiological or disease context. Although mitochondria transfer was first shown to provide metabolic support to acceptor cells, recent studies have revealed diverse functions of mitochondria transfer, including, but not limited to, the maintenance of mitochondria quality of the donor cell and the regulation of tissue homeostasis and remodelling.

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Objective: Behavioral or conduct problems (BCPs) are common co-occurring conditions in children with special health care needs (CSHCNs), affecting their developmental and functional milestones. The role of family resilience in mitigating BCPs among these children and how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) affect this dynamic remain largely unclear. The aim of the study was to disentangle the complex interplay between family resilience, ACEs, and BCPs by examining how ACEs moderate the relationship between family resilience and BCPs.

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Maximal strength, sprint and jump performance in elite kumite karatekas.

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

January 2025

Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Both maximal muscle strength and muscle power are independently important for karatekas. However, the relationship between strength and power in elite male kumite karatekas is under researched. This study aimed to determine the relationship between back-leg-chest (BLC) isometric muscle strength with sprint and jump variables in elite male karatekas.

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Vitamin D deficiency in a pediatric population with sickle cell disease.

Pediatr Hematol Oncol

January 2025

Department of Pediatrics - Division of Pediatric Hematology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Pediatric patients with sickle cell disease and vitamin D deficiency have worse clinical and laboratory outcomes. This study aims to quantify the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this population and identify possible risk factors for hypovitaminosis D by performing a cross-sectional study with children aged 3-18 years old with sickle cell disease. Sixty patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 10.

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Background: Pain is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). The reliability of outcome measures for pain and the accuracy of screening tools are essential for treatment purposes.

Objectives: This study investigated the test-retest reliability of Neuropathic Pain Scale (NPS), Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI), Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF), Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4), and painDETECT, and the accuracy of DN4 and painDETECT.

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Introduction. Middle-ear ventilation tubes are commonly placed in pediatric patients because of the high frequency of otitis media. Although avoidance of water activity has been recommended to prevent otorrhea, studies indicate that exposure to water does not increase these episodes.

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Nonpharmacological interventions to promote sleep in the adult critical patients unit: A scoping review.

Aust Crit Care

January 2025

Intensive Care Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Background: Sleep and circadian rhythms are markedly altered in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Numerous factors related to the patient and the ICU environment affect the ability to initiate and maintain sleep. Therefore, nonpharmacological interventions could play an essential role in improving sleep and circadian rhythm.

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This analysis article aimed to identify and analyze all articles published on the post-COVID-19 condition in Latin America and the Caribbean, focusing on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk of bias. We did a systematic survey of the literature with broad inclusion criteria. The only exclusion criteria were articles referring to post-acute COVID-19 sequelae after an intensive care unit stay, which we distinguish from the post-COVID-19 condition.

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Computational exploration of the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of thiocyanate catalyzed by cobalt-phthalocyanines.

Phys Chem Chem Phys

January 2025

Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, P. O. Box 653, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile.

In this study, we focused on the mechanism of the electrocatalytic oxidation of thiocyanate, which in traditional electrodes typically requires high overpotentials. As models for reducing these overpotentials and catalyzing the reaction, we used a set of modified cobalt phthalocyanines (CoPc), known as electrocatalysts. Using DFT calculations, we explored how modifications to CoPc by adding electron-donating and withdrawing groups and the coordination of 4-amino thiophenol impact the oxidation process.

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Background: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a leading cause of death in pregnant women globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries including Latin America (LATAM), where there is lack of data on how cardiologists are trained in cardio-obstetrics (CO) and the practice patterns in the care of pregnant patients.

Objectives: The authors aimed to identify CO competency and practice patterns among LATAM general cardiologists.

Methods: An anonymous cross-sectional Google-based electronic survey was sent via email to clinical cardiologists through local American College of Cardiology chapters and CV societies.

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Complications in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

J Clin Orthop Trauma

February 2025

Department of Traumatology, Knee and Arthroscopy Unit, Clínica Alemana, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), despite its effectiveness in restoring knee stability and function, can have associated morbidity. The most frequent complications are technical errors, which have been described during graft harvesting, tunnel placement or graft fixation. The most serious complications are neurovascular injuries, arthrofibrosis and infections.

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Background: In the clinic, the primary conventional treatments of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promise in optimizing therapeutic benefits when combined with other immunotherapies or standard therapies. However, effective biomarkers for distant metastasis or recurrence have yet to be identified, making it difficult to determine the best therapeutic approaches.

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Alpha-Lipoic Acid-Mediated Inhibition of LTB Synthesis Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Modulating Functional and Tumorigenic Capacities in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells.

Curr Ther Res Clin Exp

November 2024

Laboratorio de Oncología Celular y Molecular. Departamento de Oncología Básico-Clínica. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Leukotriene B (LTB) plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process associated with tumor progression. The synthesis of LTB is mediated by leukotriene A hydrolase (LTAH), and it binds to the receptors BLT and BLT. Dysregulation in LTB production is linked to the development of various pathologies.

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Climate change and epigenetics: Unraveling the role of methylation in response to thermal instability in the Antarctic plant Colobanthus quitensis.

Physiol Plant

January 2025

Centro de Ecología Integrativa (CEI), Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.

Low temperatures are one of the critical conditions affecting the performance and distribution of plants. Exposure to cooling results in the reprogramming of gene expression, which in turn would be mediated by epigenetic regulation. Antarctica is known as one of the most severe ecosystems, but several climate models predict an increase in average temperature, which may positively impact the development of Antarctic plants; however, under warmer temperatures, plants' vulnerability to damages from low-temperature events increases.

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Background: Research on post-secondary training for individuals with intellectual disabilities has generally focused on programs, with little consideration of the structures and mechanisms that give rise to them. This article adopts a critical realist perspective to comparatively analyse and theorise about the contextual structures contributing to the introduction of post-secondary training programs in universities for individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Method: Six stages in critical realist explanatory research were followed.

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