The Willingness of Doctors to Adopt Artificial Intelligence-Driven Clinical Decision Support Systems at Different Hospitals in China: Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Survey Data.

Background: Artificial intelligence-driven clinical decision support systems (AI-CDSSs) are pivotal tools for doctors to improve diagnostic and treatment processes, as well as improve the efficiency and quality of health care services. However, not all doctors trust artificial intelligence (AI) technology, and many remain skeptical and unwilling to adopt these systems.

Objective: This study aimed to explore in depth the factors influencing doctors' willingness to adopt AI-CDSSs and assess the causal relationships among these factors to gain a better understanding for promoting the clinical application and widespread implementation of these systems.

Association between visceral adiposity index and prostate cancer in men aged 40 years and older: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the correlation of Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) with prostate cancer (PCa) among men aged 40 years and older in the United States.

Methods: Analysis included multivariate linear and logistic regression, smoothing curve fitting, and threshold effect evaluation using 2003-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. The stability of this relationship across demographic groups was assessed via subgroup analyses and interaction tests.

GDF15 promotes corneal neovascularization and RB cell progression via AKT/ERK signal pathway.

In this study, we aim to explore the involvement of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in both corneal neovascularization (CNV) and retinoblastoma (RB) progression. Cell migration and proliferation were assessed through Scratch assays and CCK-8 assays. Apoptosis was quantified using flow cytometry.

PLK2 disrupts autophagic flux to promote SNCA/α-synuclein pathology.

The aggregation and transmission of SNCA/α-synuclein (synuclein, alpha) is a hallmark pathology of Parkinson disease (PD). PLK2 (polo like kinase 2) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that is more abundant in the brains of all family members, is highly expressed in PD, and is linked to SNCA deposition. However, in addition to its role in phosphorylating SNCA, the role of PLK2 in PD and the mechanisms involved in triggering neurodegeneration remain unclear.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency with two novel mutations: a case report and review of literature.

Purpose: We report the case of a 6-year-old boy who presented with muscular hypertonia, impaired growth, and recurrent infections, who was diagnosed with purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency with two novel mutations in the gene. He underwent a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from an unrelated donor, and we observed the clinical outcome.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestations and outcomes of this patient who underwent HSCT.

The Effect of Conditioned Medium from Angiopoietin-1 Gene-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Wound Healing in a Diabetic Mouse Model.

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced as a promising treatment for diabetic wounds. The effects of stem cell therapy are thought to be caused by bioactive molecules secreted by stem cells. Stem cell-based gene therapies can target bioactive molecules.

[Comparison of the efficacy and safety between high-dose intravenous iron and oral iron in treating iron deficiency anemia: a multicenter, prospective, open-label, randomized controlled study].

This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between high-dose intravenous iron and oral iron in treating iron deficiency anemia (IDA) . This prospective randomized controlled study (1∶1) enrolled 338 patients with IDA at The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Hongci Hematology Hospital, and Huai'an Second People's Hospital from June 1, 2022, to January 19, 2024. Of all the patients, 169 received high-dose intravenous iron therapy and 169 received oral iron treatment for 12 weeks of observation.

Associations between multiple metabolic biomarkers with steatotic liver disease subcategories: A 5-year Chinese cohort study.

The effectiveness of established biomarkers for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) within the updated framework of steatotic liver disease (SLD) remains uncertain. This cohort study examines the association of four metabolic biomarkers-retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), adiponectin, and osteocalcin-with SLD and its subtypes: metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction with alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD)/alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Among 3,504 Chinese participants aged 55-70, 938 (26.

Safety assessment of deutetrabenazine: real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database.

Background: Deutetrabenazine is a widely used drug for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD), and post-marketing testing is important. There is a lack of real-world, large-sample safety studies of deutetrabenazine. In this study, a pharmacovigilance analysis of deutetrabenazine was performed based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to evaluate its relevant safety signals for clinical reference.

EHMT2-mediated R-loop formation promotes the malignant progression of prostate cancer via activating Aurora B.

Background: Chromosomal instability (CIN), a hallmark of cancer, is commonly linked to poor prognosis in high-grade prostate cancer (PCa). Paradoxically, excessively high levels of CIN may impair cancer cell viability. Consequently, understanding how tumours adapt to CIN is critical for identifying novel therapeutic targets.

Graves' disease diagnosed nearly six months after microwave ablation of benign thyroid nodules: a case report.

Background: Microwave ablation is a new, minimally invasive technique for the treatment of thyroid nodules. Hyperthyroidism due to destructive thyroiditis is a known risk of microwave ablation, though it occurs in only a minority of cases. We report a rare case of a patient diagnosed with Graves' disease nearly six months after undergoing microwave ablation of a thyroid nodule.

Identification of a mitophagy-related gene signature for predicting overall survival and response to immunotherapy in rectal cancer.

Background: Rectal cancer is a highly heterogeneous gastrointestinal tumor, and the prognosis for patients with treatment-resistant and metastatic rectal cancer remains poor. Mitophagy, a type of selective autophagy that targets mitochondria, plays a role in promoting or inhibiting tumors; however, the importance of mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) in the prognosis and treatment of rectal cancer is unclear.

Methods: In this study, we used the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and MRGs from the TCGA-READ dataset to identify differentially expressed mitophagy-related genes (MRDEGs).

Association between cardiometabolic index and risk of testosterone deficiency in adult men: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Metabolic health is closely related to testosterone levels, and the cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a novel metabolic evaluation metric that encompasses obesity and lipid metabolism. However, there is currently a lack of research on the relationship between CMI and testosterone, which is the objective of this study.

Methods: This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles from 2011 to 2016.

USP5 inhibits anti-RNA viral innate immunity by deconjugating K48-linked unanchored and K63-linked anchored ubiquitin on IRF3.

Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is a central hub transcription factor that controls host antiviral innate immunity. The expression and function of IRF3 are tightly regulated by the post-translational modifications. However, it is unknown whether unanchored ubiquitination and deubiquitination of IRF3 involve modulating antiviral innate immunity against RNA viruses.

Guanidyl-rich α-helical polypeptide enables efficient cytosolic pro-protein delivery and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing.

Intracellular delivery of proteins has attracted significant interest in biological research and cancer treatment, yet it continues to face challenges due to the lack of effective delivery approaches. Herein, we developed an efficient strategy cationic α-helical polypeptide-mediated anionic proprotein delivery. The protein was reversibly modified with adenosine triphosphate dynamic covalent chemistry to prepare an anionic proprotein (A-protein) with abundant phosphate groups.

Clinical Effect of Treatment with Metformin for Type 2 Diabetes on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Immunotherapy: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: To further identify the clinical impact of metformin on the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with type 2 diabetes who received immunotherapy.

Methods: Stage IV NSCLC patients with type 2 diabetes receiving the immunotherapy from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into the metformin group or non-metformin group according to the treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes (metformin vs other hypoglycemic medicines). The overall response rate (ORR) was primary endpoint, and overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and disease control rate (DCR) were secondary endpoints.

Polysaccharide-based biomaterials for regenerative therapy in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration represents a significant cause of chronic back pain and disability, with a substantial impact on the quality of life. Conventional therapeutic modalities frequently address the symptoms rather than the underlying etiology, underscoring the necessity for regenerative therapies that restore disc function. Polysaccharide-based materials, such as hyaluronic acid, alginate, chitosan, and chondroitin sulfate, have emerged as promising candidates for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) therapy due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to mimic the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of the nucleus pulposus (NP).

Recent advances of antibody-drug conjugates in treating breast cancer with different HER2 status.

Despite the availability of multiple treatment options for breast cancer, challenges such as adverse events, drug resistance, and disease progression persist for patients. The identification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) as an oncogenic driver in a subset of breast cancers, alongside the development of HER2-targeted therapies, has significantly improved the prognosis of HER2-amplified breast cancers. However, therapeutic options remain limited for HER2-overexpressing or HER2-negative breast cancers.

Tumor burden with AFP improves survival prediction for TACE-treated patients with HCC: An international observational study.

Background & Aims: Current prognostic models for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are not extensively validated and widely accepted. We aimed to develop and validate a continuous model incorporating tumor burden and biology for individual survival prediction and risk stratification.

Methods: Overall, 4,377 treatment-naive candidates for whom TACE was recommended, from 39 centers in five countries, were enrolled and divided into training, internal validation, and two external validation datasets.

Comparison between Spectral-domain and Swept-source OCT Angiography Scans for the Measurement of Hyperreflective Foci in Age-related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: Spectral-domain OCT angiography (SD-OCTA) scans were used in an algorithm developed for swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) scans to determine if SD-OCTA scans yielded similar results for the measurement of hyperreflective foci (HRF) in intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD).

Design: Retrospective study.

Participants: Forty eyes from 35 patients with iAMD.

The Correlation Between Airborne Pollen and Sensitization in Children with Respiratory Allergic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Pollen is a significant contributor to respiratory allergies worldwide, underscoring the importance of understanding its association with childhood sensitization to enhance clinical management.

Objective: This study focuses on investigating the prevalence of various airborne pollens and their correlation with clinical characteristics of childhood respiratory allergic diseases in southeastern China.

Methods: From November 2020 to October 2021, this research employed Durham monitoring samplers to collect airborne pollen.

Quercetin Alleviates Hyperglycemic-Generated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Contacted Apoptosis of Rat Nucleus Pulposus Cells.

Background: Previous research has shown that apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells contributes to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) progression. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a reaction to diverse stimuli in eukaryotes and is tightly contacted with apoptosis. Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, exerts protective effects against degenerative diseases via ER stress.

The impact of inflammatory response on psychological status of medical staff during COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Limited research has been conducted on the relationship between inflammatory markers and psychological status in medical staff fighting COVID-19.

Objective: This article examines the psychological and inflammatory conditions of medical personnel working on the front lines of the battle against COVID-19.

Methods: A total of 102 clinical staff members were included in this study.

The prognostic value of pulmonary hypertension in intensive care unit patients from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC).

Background: The impact of pulmonary hypertension (PH) on critically ill patients has not been fully understood. Our objective was to explore the possible relationship between PH and the outcomes in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients, and to determine risk factors of in-hospital mortality of ICU PH patients.

Methods: The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database was used.