Fronto-orbital advancement with patient-specific 3D-printed implants and robot-guided laser osteotomy: an in vitro accuracy assessment.

Purpose: The use of computer-assisted virtual surgical planning (VSP) for craniosynostosis surgery is gaining increasing implementation in the clinics. However, accurately transferring the preoperative planning data to the operating room remains challenging. We introduced and investigated a fully digital workflow to perform fronto-orbital advancement (FOA) surgery using 3D-printed patient-specific implants (PSIs) and cold-ablation robot-guided laser osteotomy.

Control of Tibial Advancement by the Plantar Flexors during the Stance Phase of Gait Depends on Knee Flexion with Respect to the Ground Reaction Force.

During the stance phase of a normal gait, the triceps surae muscle controls the advancement of the tibia, which contributes to knee extension. Plantar flexor weakness results in excessive dorsiflexion, and consequently, the knee loses this contribution. However, increasing knee flexion is also seen in patients with cerebral palsy who do not have plantar flexor weakness.

Congenital orbital teratoma: A clinicopathologic case report.

Purpose: Orbital teratoma can be removed in order to preserve the bulb.

Observations: Case report of a newborn with an orbital tumor. After spontaneous birth, a massive bulbus protrusion on the left side was observed.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Skin Reaction Predicts Enhanced Mycobacteria-Specific T-Cell Responses in Infants: A Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Scar formation following bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has been associated with lower all-cause mortality; the relation between scar and mycobacteria-specific protection against tuberculosis is debated. To evaluate the association between BCG skin reaction and mycobacteria-specific immune responses. A analysis was done among 214 infants in Australia randomized to vaccination with one of three BCG vaccine strains (BCG-Denmark, BCG-Japan, or BCG-Russia) given at birth or BCG-Denmark given at 2 months of age.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applied at the Point of Care.

Introduction: The increasing availability of healthcare data and rapid development of big data analytic methods has opened new avenues for use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)- and Machine Learning (ML)-based technology in medical practice. However, applications at the point of care are still scarce.

Objective: Review and discuss case studies to understand current capabilities for applying AI/ML in the healthcare setting, and regulatory requirements in the US, Europe and China.

Sialoblastoma of the submandibular gland: a distinct entity?

Sialoblastoma is a rare congenital malignant tumor of the salivary glands. A case of a submandibular sialoblastoma in a 1.5-year-old child is presented.

An examination of the relationship between dynamic knee joint stiffness and gait pattern of children with cerebral palsy.

Dynamic joint stiffness represents the resistance that a joint opposes to an applied moment. Stiffness arises in conditions of joint laxity, instability and increased co-contraction and is commonly utilized as a means to stabilize the joint. The knee joint seems to be crucial for determining the walking pattern.

Increased Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal of the Lateral Patellar Facet Cartilage: A Functional Marker for Patellar Instability?

Background: In the knee joint, predisposition for patellar instability can be assessed by an abnormal Insall-Salvati index, tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TTTG) distance, and abnormal shape of patella and trochlea. Given the complex anatomic features of the knee joint with varying positions of the patella during motion, the presence of a single or even a combination of these factors does not inevitably result in patellar instability. After trocheoplasty in patients with trochlear dysplasia, assessment of trochlear cartilage and subchondral bone is limited due to postoperative artifacts.

Treatment of shepherd's crook deformity in patients with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia using a new type of custom made retrograde intramedullary nail: a technical note.

Aims: The severe form of coxa vara, the 'shepherd's crook deformity', is always a consequence of a locally extensive form of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (or McCune-Albright syndrome). Treatment of this deformity is a challenge. The soft bone does not tolerate any implant that depends on the stability of the cortical bone (like plates or external fixators).

Foot pressure distribution in children with cerebral palsy while standing.

Foot deformity is a major component of impaired functioning in cerebral palsy (CP). While gait and balance issues related to CP have been studied extensively, there is little information to date on foot-ground interaction (i.e.

Kinematic analysis of upper limb during walking in diplegic children with Cerebral Palsy.

Movements of the lower limbs during walking have been widely investigated in literature, while quantification of arm movement during gait is scanty. The aim of the present study was to assess quantitatively the upper limb motion during gait in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Sixteen children with diplegic CP were evaluated using a full-body marker set, which allows assessing both the lower and upper limb kinematics.

Synovial sarcoma in patients under 20 years of age: a multicenter study with a minimum follow-up of 10 years.

Purpose: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an aggressive soft-tissue tumor noted for late local recurrence and metastasis. This study investigates the long-term outcome of SS in patients of pediatric age and evaluates potential prognostic factors for SS.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 13 SS cases in patients younger than 20 years at the time of diagnosis who had a minimum follow-up of 10 years.

Automatic selection of a representative trial from multiple measurements using Principle Component Analysis.

Experimental data in human movement science commonly consist of repeated measurements under comparable conditions. One can face the question how to identify a single trial, a set of trials, or erroneous trials from the entire data set. This study presents and evaluates a Selection Method for a Representative Trial (SMaRT) based on the Principal Component Analysis.

The RNA-binding protein RBM3 is involved in hypothermia induced neuroprotection.

Induced hypothermia is the only therapy with proven efficacy to reduce brain damage after perinatal asphyxia. While hypothermia down-regulates global protein synthesis and cell metabolism, low temperature induces a small subset of proteins that includes the RNA-binding protein RBM3 (RNA-binding motif protein 3), which has recently been implicated in cell survival. Here, immunohistochemistry of the developing postnatal murine brain revealed a spatio-temporal neuronal RBM3 expression pattern very similar to that of doublecortin, a marker of neuronal precursor cells.

Changes in gait and EMG when walking with the Masai Barefoot Technique.

Background: The Masai barefoot technology is used as a treatment option within the field of physical therapy to treat leg, back or foot problems. No information, however, is available on how Masai barefoot technology changes gait or muscle activity.

Methods: Twelve healthy subjects underwent 3D gait analysis with simultaneously collecting surface electromyography data of the leg muscles when walking with regular shoes and with Masai barefoot technology-shoes.

Thrombolysis of prosthetic tricuspid valve thrombosis with human recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in an adolescent.

Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis is associated with a high mortality. Traditionally, thrombectomy or valve replacement is performed. Thrombolysis offers a promising alternative to surgery.