What is the minimum time interval for reporting of intraoperative core body temperature measurements in pediatric anesthesia? A secondary analysis.

Given that perioperative normothermia represents a quality parameter in pediatric anesthesia, numerous studies have been conducted on temperature measurement, albeit with heterogeneous measurement intervals, ranging from 30 s to fifteen minutes. We aimed to determine the minimum time interval for reporting of intraoperative core body temperature across commonly used measurement intervals in children. Data were extracted from the records of 65 children who had participated in another clinical study and analyzed using a quasibinomial mixed linear model.

The relationship between step variability, muscle strength and functional walking performance in children with post-traumatic brain injury.

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between step variability, muscle strength and functional walking performance in children post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) and typically developed (TD) children. A convenience sample of 16 children post-TBI and 16 TD age and sex matched controls participated in this cross sectional study. The main outcome measures included step length and step time variability, measured with an electronic walkway, strength of four lower-extremity muscle groups, tested bilaterally with a hand held dynamometer, walking performance as assessed by the 2-min walk test, energy expenditure index (EEI) and rating of perceived exertion (OMNI scale).

The neuropathy of Dejerine and Sottas: report of an Indian family.

We report here a family in which 4 out of 11 sibs of unrelated parents showed the typical clinical features of Dejerine-Sottas disease. Sensory disturbance was present in only one case and age at onset was delayed to 4 years in another. The others all conformed to the infantile form of the disease.

Detection of biological activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with central nervous system tumors.

Tumor markers for brain tumors are important for initial diagnosis and monitoring of treatment. We used a modification of the phagokinetic track assay, which measures the migration of cells across a coverslip that is coated with colloidal gold, to assess whether the CSF from patients with brain tumors and other non-neoplastic neurological disorders altered the migration of Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts. We found that CSF from patients with brain tumors stimulated the migration activity at a significantly higher level than did CSF from patients without tumors (mean migration activity: 65 +/- 9% for CSF from 113 patients with brain tumors; 14 +/- 4% for 44 patients with non-neoplastic CNS disease; and 9 +/- 1.

Diseases of the ear.

Otitis media with effusion is a major disorder in children and the most common cause for both major surgery (adenoidectomy with or without tonsillectomy) and minor surgery (middle ear ventilating tubes) in both the United States and Britain. It is frequently associated with respiratory allergy. Medical evaluation, diagnosis, and therapy are discussed.

Behavioral management of childhood headache: a pilot study and case history report.

Many chronically recurrent disorders of children and adolescents are often unresponsive to standard medical therapy. The Stress and Headache Management Clinic was established as a prototype behavioral medicine clinic to provide integrated therapeutic modalities. Using biofeedback and relaxation/mental-imagery techniques, 119 patients with the chief complaint of recurrent headache were evaluated.

Management of hip dislocations in children with arthrogryposis.

From a review of 131 children with arthrogryposis, we studied 18 patients with hip dislocations. Fourteen patients (10 unilateral, four bilateral) were treated by open reduction. Mean age at surgery was 9.

Management of infectious complications of intraventricular reservoirs in cancer patients: low incidence and successful treatment without reservoir removal.

At the time of analysis, the first 30 patients with Ommaya reservoirs (OR) at the Children's Orthopedic Hospital and Medical Center in Seattle, Washington had had 32 reservoirs for a mean duration of 28 months. In all, the reservoir chambers had been punctured for either diagnostic or therapeutic purposes a total of 1,287 times with a mean of 40 injections per reservoir and 1.4 injections per month.

Chloramphenicol succinate kinetics in infants and young children.

We sought to estimate the serum and urine pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol succinate (CmS) and the effects of variation of these parameters on chloramphenicol (Cm) kinetics in 24 infants and young children ages two weeks to seven years. The mean T(1/2) of CmS was 0.40 hours; the mean body clearance was 0.

Wilm's Tumor: An Update.

Major advances have been made against Wilms' tumor as a result of treatment methods developed by single institutions that then have been confirmed and extended by national cooperating groups. Better survival rates have been achieved, and therapy has been refined so that treatment can be reduced in early stage disease without jeopardizing tumor control. This results in fewer short- and long-term complications, an especially important consideration in children.