Age-based centiles for diastolic blood pressure among children in the out-of-hospital emergency setting.

Objective: To compare Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) diastolic blood pressure (DBP) criteria to empirically derived DBP criteria for the prediction of out-of-hospital interventions in children.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of pediatric (<18 years) encounters from the ESO Data Collaborative, which includes approximately 2000 Emergency Medical Services agencies in the United States. We developed age-based centile curves for DBP using generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: A 2020 perspective.

Objective: Despite recent advancement recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) remains a rare but challenging benign airway neoplasm. In recent years there has been significant shifts in incidence of this disease due to changes in vaccination and prevention for human papilloma virus (HPV) and its related pathology. This review will highlight the epidemiology, prevention and treatment of RRP.

Congenital methemoglobinemia type II in a 5-year-old boy.

Congenital Methemoglobinemia is a rare neurologic condition which can mimic other diseases such as epilepsy syndromes and leukodystrophies. The responsible gene, , is not typically included on commonly order neurologic and epilepsy panels. We recommend that laboratories include this gene on these tests which often precede larger-scale genetic studies.

Special considerations for monitoring vancomycin concentrations in pediatric patients.

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of low or excessive vancomycin dosing after initiation of treatment in pediatric patients and to determine the factors that are most predictive of optimized vancomycin dosage in this group. Among 74 patients who underwent vancomycin concentration monitoring, low trough (< 4.0 micrograms/ml) and/or peak (< 15.