135 results match your criteria: "Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute[Affiliation]"

Ambulatory pediatric adenotonsillectomy.

Can J Anaesth

December 2024

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Purpose: This Continuing Professional Development module aims to help the general anesthesiologist recognize common pitfalls in ambulatory pediatric adenotonsillectomy and perform appropriate risk stratification, analgesic management, and disposition planning.

Principal Findings: Pediatric adenotonsillectomy is a widely performed procedure. An updated approach to preoperative risk assessment of commonly associated comorbidities allows the practitioner to anticipate and plan for adverse events.

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Background/objectives: Despite strong evidence that breastfeeding, skin-to-skin care, and sucrose reduce pain in newborns during minor painful procedures, these interventions remain underutilized in practice. To address this knowledge-to-practice gap, we produced a five-minute parent-targeted video demonstrating the analgesic effects of these strategies and examined whether the use of newborn pain treatment increased in maternal-newborn care settings following the introduction of the video by nurses.

Methods: The design was a pre-post outcome evaluation.

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Introduction: Indigenous children in Canada represent one of the fastest-growing pediatric populations and experience severe health inequities. There is an ongoing need for new research on relevant methods to measure the health and wellbeing of Indigenous children that considers the cultural differences between communities. The Aaniish Naa Gegii: the Children's Health and Well-Being Measure (ACHWM) is a self-reported questionnaire that was developed to meet this need and to include the voices of Indigenous children.

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Peer support is a promising approach to increasing hope, engagement, and connection for those with eating disorders (EDs). Emerging literature explores peer mentors' experiences of providing support, suggesting that mentors often benefit from providing peer support, particularly when well trained and supervised. We conducted semi-structured interviews or focus groups with 15 individuals providing peer support (one-on-one, group, or chat) to individuals with EDs.

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Zebrafish () are a good model for cancer research including studies on chemotherapy treatments. We treated wild-type and deletion mutant zebrafish embryos at 24 h post-fertilization with 1 µM of the topoisomerase I inhibitor, camptothecin (CPT), for 4 h to catalogue gene expression changes induced by this DNA damage treatment and to understand if these changes are influenced by loss of miR-34a. The 4 sample groups of 3 independent biological samples consisting of 30 embryos each were analyzed by RNA-sequencing using the recently updated zebrafish transcriptome annotation based on GRCz11, which enabled a more complete and sensitive read mapping and gene assignment than standard annotations.

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Fractures of the fifth metacarpal are a common injury. In children, they are often stable and heal uneventfully, including after closed reduction. Fractures of the metacarpal diaphysis, conversely, tend to be unstable and may require surgical intervention.

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Article Synopsis
  • The Canadian Critical Care Trials Group (CCCTG) aims to promote Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) in critical care research by creating a glossary of sociodemographic determinants of health to support educational initiatives and enhance inclusive language among professionals.
  • The glossary includes twelve key sociodemographic domains like age, sex, race, and income, with detailed definitions and examples related to healthcare disparities relevant to critical care.
  • Developed collaboratively with various stakeholders, this resource is meant to guide critical care professionals in addressing equity issues and improving health outcomes in their practices.
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Thrombospondin-4 as potential cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for therapy response in pediatric spinal muscular atrophy.

J Neurol

October 2024

Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Neurology, and Social Pediatrics, Center for Neuromuscular Disorders in Children and Adolescents, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.

Background And Purpose: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in childhood is characterized by the deficiency of survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein leading predominantly to degeneration of alpha motor neurons and consequently to progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Besides some biomarkers like SMN2 copy number therapeutic biomarkers for SMA with known relevance for neuromuscular transmission are lacking. Here, we examined the potential of Thrombospondin-4 (TSP4) to serve as a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker, which may also indicate treatment response.

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Evidence for the value of peer support for eating disorders (EDs) is growing. Peer support is not a replacement for treatment, but can provide hope for recovery, enhance motivation for treatment, and increase feelings of connectedness and belonging for those experiencing EDs. In this study, we explored peer mentees' experiences of peer support for EDs to better understand the impact of peer support and its role in the Canadian treatment and support continuum.

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Li-Fraumeni syndrome is caused by inherited TP53 tumor suppressor gene mutations. MicroRNA miR-34a is a p53 target and modifier gene. Interestingly, miR-34 triple-null mice exhibit normal p53 responses and no overt cancer development, but the lack of miR-34 promotes tumorigenesis in cancer-susceptible backgrounds.

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Synthetic data generation is being increasingly used as a privacy preserving approach for sharing health data. In addition to protecting privacy, it is important to ensure that generated data has high utility. A common way to assess utility is the ability of synthetic data to replicate results from the real data.

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This scoping review examines the role of digital solutions in active, participant-centered surveillance of adverse events following initial release of COVID-19 vaccines. The goals of this paper were to examine the existing literature surrounding digital solutions and technology used for active, participant centered, AEFI surveillance of novel COVID-19 vaccines approved by WHO. This paper also aimed to identify gaps in literature surrounding digital, active, participant centered AEFI surveillance systems and to identify and describe the core components of active, participant centered, digital surveillance systems being used for post-market AEFI surveillance of WHO approved COVID-19 vaccines, with a focus on the digital solutions and technology being used, the type of AEFI detected, and the populations under surveillance.

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Efficacy and Safety of Vamorolone Over 48 Weeks in Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Neurology

March 2024

From Carleton University (U.J.D.), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; ReveraGen BioPharma (J.M.D., J.N.V.D.A., E.P.H.), Rockville, MD; John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (M.G., V.S.), Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, United Kingdom; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (P.R.C.), PA; University of Washington School of Medicine (S.J.P.), Seattle; Duke University School of Medicine (E.C.S.), Durham, NC; Royal Hospital for Children (I.H.), Glasgow, United Kingdom; Nemours Children's Hospital (R.S.F.), Orlando, FL. Dr. Finkel is now with St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (J.K.M.), University of Calgary, Canada; Neuromuscular Reference Center (NMRC) (N.D.), UZ Ghent; KU Leuven Department of Development and Regeneration (N.M.G., L.D.W.); Department of Paediatric Neurology (N.M.G., L.D.W.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Neuromuscular Centre (J.H.), Department of Pediatric Neurology Motol University Hospital; 2nd School of Medicine Charles University in Prague (J.H.), Czech Republic; The Camden Group (L.M.-G., B.D.S.), St. Louis, MO; Children's Hospital of Richmond (A.H.), Richmond, VA; UCLA Medical School (P.B.S.), Los Angeles, CA; UT Southwestern Medical Center (D.C.), Dallas, TX; University of Colorado School of Medicine (M.L.Y.), Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; The Royal Children's Hospital (M.M.R.); Murdoch Children's Research Institute (M.M.R.), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; University of California, Davis (C.M.M.), Sacramento; Queen Silvia Children's Hospital (M.T.), Gothenburg, Sweden; Kids Neuroscience Centre (R.I.W.), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Australia; University of Ottawa (H.J.M.), Ontario, Canada; Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital (N.K., V.K.R.), Chicago, IL; The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre (G.B.), National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College, London; Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust (S.S.), Liverpool; Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust (A.-M.C.), United Kingdom; Montreal Children's Hospital (A.M.S.), Quebec; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute (K.A.S.), Vancouver, Canada; Nemours Children's Hospital (M.M.), Orlando, FL. Dr. Monduy is now with Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL; Schneider Children's Medical Center (Y.N.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Hospital Quirónsalud Valencia (J.J.V.), Spain; Neuropaediatrics Department (A.N.-O.), Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (E.H.N.), Leiden University Medical Center; Radboud University Medical Center (I.J.M.D.G.), Nijmegen, the Netherlands; "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital (M.K.), Athens, Greece; Children's National Medical Center (J.N.V.D.A.), Washington, DC; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute (L.M.W.), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Santhera Pharmaceuticals (M.L.), Prattein, Switzerland; TRiNDS (A.L.D.A.), Pittsburgh, PA; and Binghamton University-State University of New York (E.P.H.), Binghamton.

Article Synopsis
  • Vamorolone, a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, was tested to assess its effectiveness and safety over 48 weeks compared to prednisone in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
  • A double-blind clinical trial involved 121 participants aged 4 to under 7 years, receiving varying doses of vamorolone and prednisone, with improvements monitored in motor skills and growth.
  • Results indicated that vamorolone (6 mg/kg/day) maintained motor skill improvements over 48 weeks, with significant growth benefits seen after participants switched from prednisone to vamorolone.
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Recent Immigrants With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Have Significant Healthcare Utilization From Preconception to Postpartum: A Population Cohort Study.

Am J Gastroenterol

July 2024

Mount Sinai Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Introduction: Immigrants with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may have increased healthcare utilization during pregnancy compared with non-immigrants, although this remains to be confirmed. We aimed to characterize this between these groups.

Methods: We accessed administrative databases to identify women (aged 18-55 years) with IBD with a singleton pregnancy between 2003 and 2018.

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Objectives: Adolescents admitted to hospital can face unique medical and psychosocial challenges, and may be treated by healthcare providers who do not recognize or adequately address these needs. Our goal was to better understand the experiences of both patients and providers at a local level.

Methods: We designed a cross-sectional survey-based study of two participant groups: (1) adolescent patients (aged 10-19) admitted to general medical wards at a tertiary pediatric hospital and (2) pediatric healthcare providers representing multiple disciplines.

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Background: Current requirements for ethical research in Canada, specifically the standard of active or signed parental consent, can leave Indigenous children and youth with inequitable access to research opportunities or health screening. Our objective was to examine the literature to identify culturally safe research consent processes that respect the rights of Indigenous children, the rights and responsibilities of parents or caregivers, and community protocols.

Methods: We followed PRISMA guidelines and Arksey and O'Malley's approach for charting and synthesizing evidence.

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Objectives: To determine the association between neighborhood marginalization and rates of pediatric ED visits in Ottawa, Ontario. Secondary objectives investigated if the association between neighborhood marginalization and rates varied by year, acuity, and distance to hospital.

Methods: We calculated rates of pediatric ED visits per 1000 person-years for census dissemination areas within 100 km of the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario for patients < 18 years old from January 2018 through December 2020.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to analyze how increasing sleep duration for one week affects insulin sensitivity (IS) in adolescents at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  • Participants aged 13-18, who were at risk due to obesity and other factors, underwent a crossover study where their sleep time was manipulated over a structured period.
  • Results showed that increasing sleep by 1 hour 30 minutes per night significantly improved insulin sensitivity by 20% compared to their usual and decreased sleep, suggesting that even small increases in sleep duration are beneficial for youth at risk of T2D.
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Objective: To evaluate the risk of miscarriage following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, while accounting for the competing risk of induced abortion.

Design: Population-based cohort study.

Setting: Ontario, Canada.

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A Population-Based Test-Negative Matched Case-Control Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Effectiveness Among Pregnant People in Ontario, Canada.

J Obstet Gynaecol Can

February 2024

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Objective: Pregnancy is a risk factor for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can result in adverse pregnancy outcomes, thus making understanding vaccine effectiveness (VE) in this population important. This study aimed to assess the VE of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related hospitalization in pregnant people.

Methods: Population-based matched test-negative case-control study of pregnant people aged 18-49 years, of 12 or more weeks gestation in Ontario, Canada, symptomatic with possible SARS-CoV-2 infection, and having at least 1 positive (n = 1842) or negative (n = 8524) real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 test between December 14, 2020, and December 31, 2021.

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Associations between prenatal maternal stress, maternal inflammation during pregnancy, and children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms throughout childhood.

Brain Behav Immun

November 2023

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Background: Maternal immune activation is a potential mechanism underlying associations between maternal stress during pregnancy and offspring mental health problems. This study examined associations between prenatal maternal stress, maternal inflammation during pregnancy, and children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms from 3 to 10 years of age, and whether maternal inflammation mediated the associations between prenatal maternal stress and children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms.

Methods: This study comprised 4,902 mother-child dyads in the Generation R study.

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Background: Few studies have examined how parenting influences the associations between prenatal maternal stress and children's mental health. The objectives of this study were to examine the sex-specific associations between prenatal maternal stress and child internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and to assess the moderating effects of parenting behaviors on these associations.

Methods: This study is based on 15 963 mother-child dyads from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).

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Objectives: The concentrations of maternal serum markers for aneuploidy screening are influenced by maternal characteristics such as race, smoking, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and in vitro fertilization (IVF). Accurate risk estimation requires adjustment of initial values for these characteristics. This study aims to update and validate adjustment factors for race, smoking, and IDDM.

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