A Randomized Controlled Comparison of Guardian-Perceived Cosmetic Outcome of Simple Lacerations Repaired With Either Dermabond, Steri-Strips, or Absorbable Sutures.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the guardian-perceived 3-month cosmetic outcome for pediatric lacerations repaired with absorbable sutures, Dermabond, or Steri-Strips. Secondarily, pain and satisfaction with the procedure from both guardian and provider perspectives were compared.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, we enrolled a convenience sample of children aged 0 to <18 years who presented with simple linear lacerations (≤5 cm in length, ≤0.

Higher Rates of Certain Autoimmune Diseases in Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of certain autoimmune diseases in transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective analysis was conducted from January 2013 to January 2019 of youth ≤26 years of age with concurrent diagnoses of gender dysphoria (GD) and at least one of the studied autoimmune diseases. Prevalence rates were calculated and compared to previously reported rates.

Developing a phenotype risk score for tic disorders in a large, clinical biobank.

Tics are a common feature of early-onset neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by involuntary and repetitive movements or sounds. Despite affecting up to 2% of children and having a genetic contribution, the underlying causes remain poorly understood. In this study, we leverage dense phenotype information to identify features (i.

Delirium and Coronavirus Disease 2019: Looking Back, Moving Forward.

During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, crisis changes in clinical care increased rates of delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU). Deep sedation, unfamiliar environments with visitor restrictions, and such factors due to high workload and health system strain contributed to the occurrence of delirium doubling in the ICU. As the pandemic wanes, health care systems and ICU leadership must emphasize post-pandemic recovery, integrating lessons learned about delirium management, evidence-based care, and family involvement.

The Role of the Microbiome in Pediatric Respiratory Diseases.

Numerous studies have examined the role of the microbiome and microbiome-based therapeutics in many childhood airway and lung diseases. In this narrative review, the authors first give a brief overview of the current methods used in microbiome research. The authors then review the literature linking the microbiome with (1) early-life acute respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus, (2) childhood asthma onset, (3) cystic fibrosis, and (4) bronchopulmonary dysplasia, focusing on recent studies that have used culture-independent methods to characterize the respiratory or gut microbiome in the pediatric population.

Dupilumab 200 mg was efficacious in children (6-11 years) with moderate-to-severe asthma for up to 2 years: EXCURSION open-label extension study.

Background: The phase 3 VOYAGE (NCT02948959) and open-label extension EXCURSION (NCT03560466) studies evaluated dupilumab in children (6-11 years) with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma. This post hoc analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of add-on dupilumab 200 mg every 2 weeks (q2w), the largest dose cohort in both studies, in children from VOYAGE who participated in EXCURSION.

Methods: Annualized rate of severe asthma exacerbations (AERs), change in prebronchodilator percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (ppFEV), and treatment-emergent adverse events were assessed in children with moderate-to-severe asthma who received dupilumab 200 mg q2w in VOYAGE and EXCURSION (dupilumab/dupilumab arm) and those who received placebo in VOYAGE and dupilumab 200 mg q2w in EXCURSION (placebo/dupilumab arm).

Home and school pollutant exposure, respiratory outcomes, and influence of historical redlining.

Background: The discriminatory and racist policy of historical redlining in the United States during the 1930s played a role in perpetuating contemporary environmental health disparities.

Objective: Our objectives were to determine associations between home and school pollutant exposure (fine particulate matter [PM], NO) and respiratory outcomes (Composite Asthma Severity Index, lung function) among school-aged children with asthma and examine whether associations differed between children who resided and/or attended school in historically redlined compared to non-redlined neighborhoods.

Methods: Children ages 6 to 17 with moderate-to-severe asthma (N = 240) from 9 US cities were included.

Long-term outcomes and patterns of relapse in patients with bilateral Wilms tumor or bilaterally predisposed unilateral Wilms tumor, a report from the COG AREN0534 study.

The objective of this study is to report the long-term timing and patterns of relapse for children enrolled in Children's Oncology Group AREN0534, a multicenter phase III clinical trial conducted from 2009 to 2015. Participants included children with bilateral Wilms tumor (BWT) or unilateral WT with genetic predisposition to develop BWT followed for up to 10 years. Smoothed hazard (risk) functions for event-free survival (EFS) were plotted so that the timing of events could be visualized, both overall and within pre-specified groups.

Association of Hyperoxia During Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Postoperative Delirium in the Pediatric Cardiac ICU.

Objective: ICU delirium commonly complicates critical illness associated with factors such as cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time and the requirement of mechanical ventilation (MV). Recent reports associate hyperoxia with poorer outcomes in critically ill children. This study sought to determine whether hyperoxia on CPB in pediatric patients was associated with a higher prevalence of postoperative delirium.

Management and Outcomes of Hepatoblastoma in Patients With Trisomy 18: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis of 70 Patients.

Introduction: Predicted 1-year survival of children with trisomy 18 (T18) has increased to 59.3%. We aimed to systematically review the characteristics, management, and outcomes of children with T18 and hepatoblastoma.

Consensus on intake questionnaire data elements in the development of an aerodigestive registry.

Objective: To define the essential elements of the intake questionnaire that will be a part of a larger multicenter registry for aerodigestive patients.

Methods: A modified Delphi method was utilized to obtain consensus on the data elements that should warrant inclusion in the final research database. Patient questionnaires from the eight participating institutions were reviewed and individual elements were aggregated into 14 categories.

Central Arterial Line Placement for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Peripheral arterial line placement is a common, low-risk procedure in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Central arterial cannulation may be used when peripheral cannulation is not feasible. At present, there are limited data to guide central arterial-line site selection in pediatric patients.

Diagnosis and Management of Fetal Arrhythmias in the Current Era.

Diagnosis and management of fetal arrhythmias have changed over the past 40-50 years since propranolol was first used to treat fetal tachycardia in 1975 and when first attempts were made at in utero pacing for complete heart block in 1986. Ongoing clinical trials, including the FAST therapy trial for fetal tachycardia and the STOP-BLOQ trial for anti-Ro-mediated fetal heart block, are working to improve diagnosis and management of fetal arrhythmias for both mother and fetus. We are also learning more about how "silent arrhythmias", like long QT syndrome and other inherited channelopathies, may be identified by recognizing "subtle" abnormalities in fetal heart rate, and while echocardiography yet remains the primary tool for diagnosing fetal arrhythmias, research efforts continue to advance the clinical envelope for fetal electrocardiography and fetal magnetocardiography.

Rate of oophorectomy in pediatric ovarian torsion: risk factors and change over time.

Purpose: The management of ovarian torsion in pediatric patients has evolved over time. Ovarian salvage is currently recommended given concerns for fertility preservation and the low likelihood of malignancy. Studies have shown that the incidence of oophorectomy is higher amongst pediatric surgeons in comparison to gynecologists.

Treatment of hydrocephalus following fetal repair of myelomeningocele: comparing endoscopic third ventriculostomy with choroid plexus cauterization to ventricular shunting.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare clinical and craniometric outcomes of patients treated for hydrocephalus following fetal myelomeningocele repair (fMMR) via a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) or endoscopic third ventriculostomy with choroid plexus cauterization (ETV/CPC).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of children who were treated for hydrocephalus following fMMR via VPS or ETV with or without CPC (ETV ± CPC) at Vanderbilt between 2012 and 2021. The primary outcomes were treatment failure and time to failure (TTF).