The FBXO45-GEF-H1 axis controls germinal center formation and B-cell lymphomagenesis.

The role of ubiquitin-mediated degradation mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B cell (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) is not completely understood. We show that conditional deletion of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Fbxo45 in germinal center B-cells results in B-cell lymphomagenesis in homozygous (100%) and heterozygous (48%) mice. Mechanistically, FBXO45 targets the RHO guanine exchange factor ARHGEF2/GEF-H1 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation.

Challenges in Geographic Access to Specialized Pediatric Burn Care in the United States.

Background: Geographical access to pediatric burn centers in the US is not well described. Patients may receive care at American Burn Association (ABA)-verified burn centers, unverified burn centers, or non-burn centers. A recent study indicated that most US counties do not have an ABA-verified pediatric burn center within 100 miles.

Mode of Delivery and Subsequent Motor Function in Children With Myelomeningocele Without In Utero Repair.

Objective: To assess the association between mode of delivery and 2-year motor function in children with prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele.

Methods: A multisite retrospective cohort study of children with myelomeningocele across 14 NAFTNet (North American Fetal Therapy Network) centers born between 2007 and 2020 who had a physical examination available at 2 years of life. Exclusion criteria were in utero myelomeningocele repair, postnatal myelomeningocele diagnosis, missing data on fetal presentation at delivery, and contraindications to labor.

Outcomes of pediatric liver retransplantation candidates in the modern era: Strategies are needed to avoid waitlist mortality in the United States.

Pediatric liver retransplantation (rLT) has historically shown poorer outcomes compared to primary liver transplantation (pLT). Comprehensive studies assessing outcomes for pediatric rLT candidates under the modern allocation policy are lacking. OPTN data from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022 were obtained; exclusion criteria included candidates ≥18years of age and those listed or transplanted for multiple organs.

Triple Pelvic Osteotomy Provides Joint Stability and Acetabular Bone Stock Following Hip Hemiarthroplasty for Ewing Sarcoma: A Pediatric Case Report.

Case: Triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) is used to treat developmental dysplasia of the hip in a pediatric population. This case report highlights a new indication for this procedure. Acetabular coverage was restored in a 9-year-old patient who experienced instability following hip hemiarthroplasty and proximal femur composite allograft implantation for the treatment of Ewing sarcoma.

Biomarker Panels for Discriminating Risk of CKD Progression in Children.

Background: We have previously studied biomarkers of tubular health (EGF), injury (KIM-1), dysfunction (alpha-1 microglobulin), and inflammation (TNFR-1, TNFR-2, MCP-1, YKL-40, suPAR), and demonstrated that plasma KIM-1, TNFR-1, TNFR-2 and urine KIM-1, EGF, MCP-1, urine alpha-1 microglobulin are each independently associated with CKD progression in children. In this study, we used bootstrapped survival trees to identify a combination of biomarkers to predict CKD progression in children.

Methods: The CKiD Cohort Study prospectively enrolled children 6 months to 16 years old with an eGFR of 30-90 ml/min/1.

Investigative genetic genealogy practices warranting policy attention: Results of a modified policy Delphi.

A technique known as investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) was first introduced to criminal investigations in 2018, and it has since been used by U.S. law enforcement to help identify hundreds of criminal perpetrators and unidentified human remains.

Medical and early developmental outcomes for patients with congenital ventriculomegaly.

Introduction: This study evaluated whether comorbidities such as genetic conditions, other congenital anomalies, infection, and other exposures impact the mortality rate and/or neurologic outcomes of patients with congenital ventriculomegaly.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that assessed the mortality rate and developmental delay of 91 patients diagnosed with congenital ventriculomegaly followed at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center between Jan 1, 2010-Dec 31, 2020.

Results: Of the 91 patients included in the study, 20 (22.

Prothrombin prevents fatal T cell-dependent anemia during chronic virus infection of mice.

Thrombin promotes the proliferation and function of CD8+ T cells. To test if thrombin prevents exhaustion and sustains antiviral T cell activity during chronic viral infection, we depleted the thrombin-precursor prothrombin to 10% of normal levels in mice prior to infection with the clone 13 strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Unexpectedly, prothrombin insufficiency resulted in 100% mortality after infection that was prevented by depletion of CD8+ T cells, suggesting that reduced availability of prothrombin enhances virus-induced immunopathology.

Analyzing Geospatial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Breast Cancer Screening Among Populations in the United States: Machine Learning Approach.

Background: Breast cancer screening plays a pivotal role in early detection and subsequent effective management of the disease, impacting patient outcomes and survival rates.

Objective: This study aims to assess breast cancer screening rates nationwide in the United States and investigate the impact of social determinants of health on these screening rates.

Methods: Data on mammography screening at the census tract level for 2018 and 2020 were collected from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Functioning in Adolescents with Klinefelter Syndrome.

Objective: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a common genetic condition in males associated with an extra X chromosome (i.e., 47,XXY).

Identification of serum metabolite biomarkers in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: protocol for a multicentre prospective observational cohort study.

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most common and significant complications of preterm birth. It ultimately leads to a decrease in the quality of life for preterm infants and impacts their long-term health. Early prediction and timely intervention are crucial to halting the development of BPD.

Investigating male factors and their relationships with reproductive health outcomes: a case-control study protocol for Towards Optimal Fertility, Fathering, and Fatherhood studY (TOFFFY) in Singapore.

Introduction: Despite the global prevalence of low fertility rates, male contributions to fertility and reproductive health outcomes have been understudied. This study aims to investigate the male contribution to fertility and explore the underlying biological mechanisms. Specifically, we aim to (1) identify male factors associated with successful pregnancy, (2) develop a fertility index incorporating modifiable factors for both males and females to predict pregnancy rate and (3) explore the relationship of male modifiable factors with semen parameters and molecular characteristics.

Preferences of pregnant women and obstetric healthcare professionals on using noninvasive prenatal testing to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes: a discrete choice experiment.

Objectives: Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) to screen for fetal aneuploidies by analysing cell-free DNA in maternal plasma is available to pregnant women worldwide. In the future, the scope of NIPT could potentially be expanded to the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the preferences of pregnant women and obstetric healthcare professionals on this new test purpose of NIPT.

Comparison of Postoperative Strength Progression and Outcomes Following Primary Versus Secondary ACL Reconstruction in the Young Athlete.

Background: Return to sport testing after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is becoming increasingly popular. Anecdotally, some believe that patients who undergo a second ACL surgery on either the ipsilateral or contralateral leg progress through their rehabilitation goals faster the second time through. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of strength progression in return to sport testing after primary and secondary ACLR surgeries in a young, active population.

Evolution and factors associated with pediatric post-traumatic stress disorder 1 year after mild traumatic brain injury: a prospective, longitudinal study.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can lead to lasting adverse outcomes, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). This study examined whether PTSD and PTSS can occur even after mTBI and tracked the evolution of PTSD in the long term. A total of 85 youth post-mTBI (median age: 10.

Success of Bone Ossification After Posterior Vault Distraction Osteogenesis in Patients With Craniosynostosis.

Background: Posterior vault distraction osteogenesis (PVDO) is an effective treatment for multisuture and syndromic craniosynostosis. It remains unclear how well the calvarium ossifies after PVDO, especially in older patients when they have plateaued in their cranial growth phase. The purpose of this study is to report outcomes associated with PVDO across a wide range of ages at our institution.

Racial disparities in timing and outcomes for patients undergoing staged single ventricle palliation: a single institution report.

Background: Racial disparities in healthcare have been well documented in the United States. We hypothesise that there will be a racial variance in different clinical variables in single-ventricle patients through stages of palliation.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective single-centre study stratified all single-ventricle patients who reached stage 2 palliation by race: Black and White.

Percutaneous self-expandable valve implantation in patients with stented pulmonary arteries: case examples.

CHDs affecting the right ventricular outflow tract often require repeated surgical or transcatheter interventions due to pulmonary insufficiency or stenosis. This study presents percutaneous implantation of large self-expanding valves in patients with complex right ventricular outflow tract anatomy after prior pulmonary branch stenting.

Chartering Patient Flights for Surgery in a Road Inaccessible Nation: The Samaritan's Purse Cleft Lip Missions Model in South Sudan.

Introduction: Few patients in South Sudan have access to cleft lip repair due to limitations in health care facilities, personnel and road infrastructure. Samaritan's Purse is a non-governmental organization that provides chartered flights from road inaccessible regions to a single central hospital in this nation's capital. This study's purpose was to describe the chartered flight model for conducting nationwide cleft lip mission trips.

Explanatory capacity of measures of community context for paediatric injury hospitalisations in the USA.

Objective: Community context influences children's risk for injury. We aimed to measure the explanatory capacity of two ZIP code-level measures-the Child Opportunity Index V.3.

Imaging Demyelinated Axons After Spinal Cord Injuries with PET Tracer [F]3F4AP.

Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) often lead to lifelong disability. Among the various types of injuries, incomplete and discomplete injuries, where some axons remain intact, offer potential for recovery. However, demyelination of these spared axons can worsen disability.

Woxuanzhongzhou formula improves DHEAS and high-fat diet-induced IR and anovulatory mice via AMPK/PGC1- α/Irisin pathway.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Anovulation is one of the most important clinical features of PCOS, and insulin resistance (IR) is one of the critical pathogenic factors. Woxuanzhongzhou (WXZZ) is a traditional herbal formulation that has shown efficacy in treating PCOS combined with IR, but the underlying mechanism is not clear.