Launching a child and adolescent psychiatry training program in Mongolia inspired by Japanese models.

This manuscript details the development and implementation of Mongolia's first official training program for child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) specialists. This initiative, inspired by and developed in collaboration with Japanese CAP training models, addresses the substantial gap in specialized mental health services for children and adolescents in Mongolia. Our discussion elaborates on the collaborative efforts between the Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Nagoya University, and other partnering institutions, reflecting on the initial outcomes and the strategic importance of this program.

Identification of hub genes and immune-related pathways in acute myeloid leukemia: insights from bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Background: This study aims to identify the hub genes and immune-related pathways in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to provide new theories for immunotherapy.

Methods: We use bioinformatics methods to find and verify the hub gene. At the same time, we use the results of GSEA enrichment analysis to find immune-related mediators.

Mechanism underlying the role of the circRNA OMA1/miR-654-3p/RAF1 axis in children with inflammatory bowel disease.

Unlabelled: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic gastrointestinal disorder, often emerges during childhood and poses significant challenges due to its adverse effects on growth, development, and psychosocial well-being. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. However, the specific biological role and mechanisms of circRNA OMA1 in children with IBD remain largely unexplored.

Considerations for developing syndrome-informed early interventions for children with neurogenetic conditions.

New insights regarding the early emergence of phenotypic patterns of strength and challenge in neurogenetic conditions afford the possibility of personalized, anticipatory intervention approaches. The development of novel 'syndrome-informed' interventions, however, should incorporate principles that will maximize the utility of intervention activities for as many children with a given neurogenetic condition as possible. This review examines several of these dimensions, including the use of community-engaged frameworks to ensure feasibility and acceptability of novel interventions; the development of cross-nationally valid approaches that can be readily translated into other languages and cultural contexts; and the use of adaptive interventions designs that allow for the tailoring of intervention pathways based on key child dimensions.

Cardiovascular complications in chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease: a case report and literature review.

Background: Cardiovascular involvement is a rare but severe complication of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections. Patients with chronic active EBV (CAEBV) are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications and have a poor prognosis. Here, we report the rare case of a pediatric patient with CAEBV and EBV- hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) complicated with a giant coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) and thrombosis, a giant Valsalva sinus aneurysm, and ascending aorta dilation seven years after the disease onset.

Peripheral DNA Methylation of Cortisol- and Serotonin-Related Genes Predicts Hippocampal Volume in a Pediatric Population.

Background: Hippocampal volume increases throughout early development and is an important indicator of cognitive abilities and mental health. However, hippocampal development is highly vulnerable to exposures during development, as seen by smaller hippocampal volume and differential epigenetic programming in genes implicated in mental health. However, few studies have investigated hippocampal volume in relation to the peripheral epigenome across development, and even less is known about potential genetic moderators.

Coverage and associated factors of vitamin-A supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Introduction: vitamin A is a nutrient required for normal visual system function, growth, and development. Periodic vitamin A supplementation is a cost-effective strategy for preventing vitamin A deficiency in children. This study aimed to assess the coverage and associated factors of vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia 2022.

Comparison of Chairside Cooperative Ability with Social Quotient of Mentally Challenged Children.

Aims And Background: Fostering a positive dental attitude in children to enhance their oral health status and engaging them positively throughout their dental experience is the cornerstone of pediatric dentistry practices. The behavior of the child in a dental setting depends upon their emotional, psychological, and mental developmental state. Children with special health needs tend to have more anxiety than healthy children.

Two Babies, Two Bonds: Challenges in Attachment Relationships in Twins.

The attachment relationship constitutes the first emotionally significant affective bond, usually between the infant and the mother, serving as a model for subsequent relationships. It is considered a vital component of social and emotional development in the early years and an important early indicator of infant mental health. In twins, the attachment process may exhibit unique characteristics, influenced by the dual parenting dynamic and the individual needs of each baby.

Proposing a two-stage screening approach to distinguish between transient and enduring postnatal depressive symptoms: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Screening for perinatal depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) improves detection and increases health service utilization. However, previous studies with antenatal samples indicate that positive screenings might reflect transient distress that resolves without intervention, raising concerns about over-pathologizing typical postnatal responses and inefficiencies in referral practices. Therefore, distinguishing between transient and enduring depressive symptoms for appropriate referrals to secondary services is crucial, highlighting the need for a refined screening practice.

When Technology Meets Anxiety:The Moderating Role of AI Usage in the Relationship Between Social Anxiety, Learning Adaptability, and Behavioral Problems Among Chinese Primary School Students.

Objective: This study aims to examine the relationships between social anxiety, learning adaptability, AI technology usage, and behavioral problems among primary school students, with a focus on the mediating role of learning adaptability and the moderating role of AI usage.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1240 primary school students aged 8-15 in Luzhou, Sichuan Province. Social anxiety was measured using the Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC), learning adaptability was assessed with the Children's Learning Adaptability Questionnaire (CSAQ), behavioral problems were evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and AI tool usage was gauged through a self-developed questionnaire.

Three-dimensional analysis of facial morphology in nine-year-old children with different unilateral orofacial clefts compared to normative data.

Aim: To compare three-dimensional (3D) facial morphology of various unilateral cleft subphenotypes at 9-years of age to normative data using a general face template and automatic landmarking. The secondary objective is to compare facial morphology of 9-year-old children with unilateral fusion to differentiation defects.

Methods: 3D facial stereophotogrammetric images of 9-year-old unilateral cleft patients were imported into 3DMedX® for processing.

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Physical Disorder, Parenting Strategies, and Youths' Future Orientation.

Neighborhood disadvantage has been linked to youths' diminished future orientation, defined as the degree to which one thinks about, anticipates, and plans for the future. Yet, parenting behaviors may moderate this link. Using longitudinal data from parent-child dyads ( = 101, 51.

Evaluation of bone development and organs in rat fetuses exposed to tartrazine.

Tartrazine finds widespread application in the realms of alimentation, pharmaceuticals, cosmetic formulations, and textile manufacturing. Tartrazine has a negative effect on human health such as hyperactivity, allergies and asthma in children. Substances such as tartrazine might effect the embryo in a kind of aspects, containing physical or mental disorders, and a decrease in the child's intellectual memory.

TAS2R38 genotype and CRS severity in children with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Cystic fibrosis is a heterogeneous disease whose severity and symptoms largely depend on the functional impact of mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene. Other genes may also modulate the clinical manifestations and complications associated with cystic fibrosis. Genetic variants of the bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 have been shown to contribute to the susceptibility and severity of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Neurodevelopmental and Growth Follow-Up of an Infant Exposed to Rosuvastatin by Lactation: A Case Report.

Usage of some medications while breastfeeding is supported with many clinical studies and proven to be safe for the mother-infant dyad, whereas knowledge on many medications' safety depends on pharmacokinetic data that are supported with only case series of real-life results. As data on rosuvastatin usage are limited, we present our case report with safe use of rosuvastatin in a breastfeeding mother of a 13-month-old infant. Pretreatment assessments of the infant were performed.

Longitudinal Symptom Burden and Pharmacologic Management of Catatonia in Autism With Intellectual Disability: An Observational Study.

Catatonia is a highly morbid psychomotor and affective disorder, which can affect autistic individuals with and without intellectual disability. Catatonic symptoms are treatable with pharmacotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy, but the longitudinal effectiveness of these treatments in autistic individuals has not been described. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study of patients with autism and co-morbid catatonia who received outpatient care in a specialized outpatient clinic from July 1, 2021 to May 31, 2024.

Prioritizing Brain Health in Youth: Bringing Neuroscience to Society and Informing Policy, Lessons Learnt from the European Brain Council Expert Meeting Held at the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies Forum 2024.

Good brain health plays a significant role in an individual's well-being and profoundly impacts the collective economy and society. Brain development does not stop at birth, and some aspects continue throughout childhood and adolescence, allowing the full development of cognitive functions. Different determinants related to physical health, healthy environments, safety and security, life-long learning and social connection as well as access to quality services influence the way our brains develop, adapt and respond to stress and adversity.

The diagnostic conundrum of late-onset developmental regression in child psychiatry: case series.

Background: Developmental regression in children, in the absence of neurological damage or trauma, presents a significant diagnostic challenge. The complexity is further compounded when it is associated with psychotic symptoms.

Method: We discuss a case series of ten children aged 6-10 years, with neurotypical development, presenting with late-onset developmental regression (>6 years of age), their clinical course and outcome at 1 year.

Development of a Nomogram and Risk Grouping System for Predicting 1-Year Overall Survival of Patients With Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors.

Purpose: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a kind of central nervous system malignant tumor in children. In this study, we aimed to develop a practically clinical nomogram and risk grouping system to predict 1-year overall survival for patients with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor.

Methods: The nomogram was constructed based on the pediatric tumor registry of Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.

Efficacy and Safety of Altibrain® as an Adjunctive Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Open Label Trial Targeting Core Symptoms.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Altibrain® in combination with standard Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) treatment compared to standard ASD treatment alone in individuals diagnosed with ASD.

Method: A randomized, open-label trial was conducted involving 120 participants aged 3 to 17 years, randomly assigned to either the Standard ASD Treatment group or the Altibrain® + Standard ASD Treatment group. Sixty patients were randomly allocated to each Standard ASD Treatment group or the Altibrain® + Standard ASD Treatment group.

The long reach of adversity: Intermediary pathways from maternal adverse childhood experiences to child socio-emotional and cognitive outcomes.

Background: This longitudinal study with multi-informant (maternal, paternal, and experimenter) and multimethod (questionnaires, behavioral observations, and standardized assessments) data tests an intergenerational model from mothers' adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to their children's socio-emotional and cognitive outcomes.

Methods: Participants were 501 children (50.7% male) and caregivers (56.

Early Severe Cortical Involvement and Novel FUCA1 Mutations in a Pediatric Fucosidosis Case.

Background: Biallelic pathogenic variants in the FUCA1 gene are associated with fucosidosis. This report describes a 4-year-old boy presenting with psychomotor regression, spasticity, and dystonic postures.

Methods And Results: Trio-based whole exome sequencing revealed two previously unreported loss-of-function variants in the FUCA1 gene.

Effect of external infusion connection devices replacement frequency on catheter related bloodstream infection.

Timely and effective rescue of critically ill children no longer solely relies on advanced medical technology; vascular access plays a pivotal role. Best practice recommendations for nursing in vascular access are critical for ICU patients. However, clear guidelines for the maintenance of external infusion connection devices remain lacking.