Geometric morphometric analysis of the brainstem and cerebellum in Chiari I malformation.

Background: Chiari I malformation (CMI) is characterized by inferior descent of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum and is associated with headache and neck pain. Many morphometric research efforts have aimed to describe CMI anatomy in the midsagittal plane using classical measurement techniques such as linear dimensions and angles. These methods are less frequently applied to parasagittal features and may fall short in quantifying more intricate anatomy with fewer distinct homologous landmarks.

Unraveling the Challenges: A Compelling Case of Staph Meningitis and Graft Infection in a Bovine Brain Graft Recipient.

Meningitis due to is extremely rare, with an annual incidence of 1-3%. In this report, we present a rare case involving meningitis, an infected graft, and an infected fluid collection with two forms of in a patient who received a bovine brain graft status post-decompression and suboccipital craniectomy with C1 laminectomy and duraplasty for Chiari malformation. The treatment approach included surgical debridement and graft retention, followed by an extended course of antibiotic treatment with oxacillin and rifampin.

Anaesthetic management of obstetric patients with Chiari type I malformation: a retrospective case series and literature review.

The peripartum management of obstetric patients with Chiari type I malformation remains a challenge due to the degree of cerebellar tonsillar herniation and a paucity of published evidence. There is concern about neuraxial anaesthetic blocks and uncertainty regarding the optimum mode of delivery. We systematically searched the literature for the obstetric management of patients with Chiari type I malformation, independent of publication date and language.

Chiari I Deformity: Beyond 5 mm below the Foramen Magnum.

Although originally described as a consecutive series of pathologic changes, Chiari syndrome represents a spectrum of disease divided into two subsets: development deformities of the paraxial mesoderm manifesting after birth (types 0-1.5) and true congenital malformations due to failure of neural tube closure present in utero (types 2-5). Heterogeneity among patients with a Chiari deformity and incomplete understanding of its pathophysiologic characteristics have led to inconsistency in radiologic reporting and difficulty in defining appropriate management strategies tailored to an individual patient's condition.

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) for Chiari 1 malformation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Meta-analysis and systematic review. To understand the role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) for the treatment of concurrent Chiari Malformation Type I (CMI) and hydrocephalus in adults. A literature search on PubMed and Medline with MeSH terms relating to ETV and CMI identified 155 articles between 1988 and 2024.

Atlanto-occipital assimilation: A pictorial review of a commonly missed pathology.

Atlanto-occipital assimilation is a congenital craniovertebral junction malformation where the partial or complete fusion of the atlas and occiput occurs. Atlanto-occipital assimilation can be associated with numerous complications, including basilar invagination, atlantoaxial subluxation, Chiari malformation, congenital vertebral bodies fusion, and cord compression. As a result, vigilant identification and accurate reporting of atlanto-occipital assimilation are essential.

Assessing Health-Related Quality of Life in Children With Spina Bifida in Lithuania.

Introduction In recent years, more emphasis has been placed on improving the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children with spina bifida (SB). Chronic disability is understood to impact various aspects of the person's life, family, and social functioning, in addition to the specific needs of the disease. The HRQOL is done to assess the patient's quality of life (QOL) in various domains including physical and mental.

Cervical syringomyelia associated with cervical disc disease.

Background And Purpose:

Combined Chiari Malformation Type I and Syringohydromyelia in a Patient With Intractable Headache.

Chiari malformations (CM) are a spectrum of hindbrain abnormalities involving the cerebellum, brainstem, skull base, and cervical cord. The most common is Chiari I malformation, in which the cerebellar tonsils descend through the foramen magnum. As opposed to types II-IV, which are congenital, type I can manifest in late childhood or adulthood with headaches and focal neurological symptoms.

Treatment and Diagnostic Approach for Lhermitte-Duclos Disease and Suspected Cowden Syndrome.

Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD) is a rare entity, which may or may not be associated with Cowden syndrome (CS). The authors present a 26-year-old male with a history of emergency treatment due to acute obstructive hydrocephalus and apparent Chiari malformation. In posterior evaluation, mild cerebellar symptoms, mucocutaneous lesions, and a left hemispheric cerebellar lesion were evident.

A Transoral Approach to Decompression Odontoidectomy With Posterior Wiring and Fusion for Pediatric Platybasia With Chiari Malformation.

Basilar invagination in a Chiari malformation associated with osteogenesis imperfecta in the pediatric population is a rare entity. We report a case of a seven-year-old female who presented with sudden-onset bilateral spastic quadriplegia and evidence of a basilar invagination on MRI. She underwent emergency decompression of the impinging odontoid via transoral approach followed by posterior wiring and fusion of the C1 and C2 vertebrae.

Introducing second-trimester anatomic scanning for improved detection and management of congenital anomalies: Experience from a novice center in East Africa.

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to describe the magnitude and pattern of congenital anomalies on routine second-trimester ultrasound and its practical implication in the management of pregnant women with fetal anomalies at a novice center in East Africa.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2021 to May 2022 among women who had second-trimester anatomic scanning. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 23.

Surgical Outcomes in Chiari 1 and Chiari 1.5 Malformation Treated by Posterior Fossa Reconstruction: A Comprehensive Analysis of 110 Pediatric Cases and Literature Review.

The management of Chiari malformations (CMs) remains a clinical challenge and a topic of great controversy. Results may vary between children and adults. The purpose of the current single-center study is to critically assess the one-year surgical outcomes of a cohort of 110 children with CM-1 or CM-1.

Craniocervical Morphometry in Pomeranians-Part I: Intra-Observer, Interobserver, and Intermodality (CT vs. MRI) Agreement.

Background: Currently, there are no diagnostic imaging-based studies that have focused specifically on the craniocervical morphology of Pomeranian dogs in relation to Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia (CM/SM). The aims of Part I of this two-part study are to assess the intra-observer, interobserver, and intermodality reliability and agreement for various aspects of the craniocervical morphology of Pomeranians with and without CM/SM.

Methods: Prospectively, Pomeranians were included that underwent both CT and MRI studies of the head and cervicothoracic vertebral column.

Novel de Novo Nonsense Variants in AGO3 and KHSRP: Insights into Global Developmental Delay and Autism Spectrum Disorders through Whole Genome Analysis.

BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are umbrella disorders that encompass global developmental delay (GDD), intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, motor developmental disorders, and sleep disorders. Both GDD and autism spectrum disorder are common and yet clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders. Despite their high prevalence and the advent of sequencing detection methods, the genomic etiology of GDD and autism spectrum disorder in most patients is largely unknown.