Germination alters the bioactive compounds of pigmented and non-pigmented rice varieties in fresh and year-old stored seeds.

This study assessed the effect of germination on bioactive compounds in fresh and one-year-old seeds of pigmented and non-pigmented rice varieties. Rice varieties had similar changes in bioactive compounds during germination. GABA and several phenolic acids increased 11.

Probability-boosting technique for combinatorial optimization.

In many combinatorial optimization problems we want a particular set of k out of n items with some certain properties (or constraints). These properties may involve the k items. In the worst case a deterministic algorithm must scan n-k items in the set to verify the k items.

Engineered myeloid precursors differentiate into osteoclasts and resorb heterotopic ossification in mice.

Introduction: Heterotopic ossification (HO) occurs following orthopedic trauma, spinal cord injuries, brain trauma and limb amputations. Once symptomatic, HO causes pain, limited mobility and decreased quality of life. Current treatments are limited and have significant complications with high recurrence rates, underscoring the need for improved therapeutic interventions.

Subtype prevalence and treatment implication in adolescents and adults with mild-to-moderate asthma: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-containing regimens are the mainstay for treating asthma despite usually being ineffective in noneosinophilic asthma (NEA). Data on the prevalence of NEA versus eosinophilic asthma (EA) in mild-to-moderate asthma are limited.

Objective: We performed a systematic review of the prevalence of mild-to-moderate asthma in adolescents and adults using sputum inflammatory cell analysis and their responses to ICS.

Mechanistic insights into allosteric regulation of the reductase component of -hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase by -hydroxyphenylacetate: a model for effector-controlled activity of redox enzymes.

Understanding how an enzyme regulates its function through substrate or allosteric regulation is crucial for controlling metabolic pathways. Some flavin-dependent monooxygenases (FDMOs) have evolved an allosteric mechanism to produce reduced flavin while minimizing the use of NADH and the production of harmful hydrogen peroxide (HO). In this work, we investigated in-depth mechanisms of how the reductase component (C1) of -hydroxyphenylacetate (HPA) 3-hydroxylase (HPAH) from is allosterically controlled by the binding of HPA, which is a substrate of its monooxygenase counterpart (C2).

Systematic review and meta-analysis of vancomycin therapeutic level for treatment of vancomycin-sensitive enterococcal infections.

Aims: Evidence on the optimal targets of vancomycin for treating other Gram-positive infections apart from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is lacking. This review aims to identify the recommended vancomycin therapeutic level for favourable clinical outcomes among patients infected with vancomycin-sensitive enterococcal infections.

Methods: Analytical studies describing the vancomycin levels of vancomycin-sensitive enterococcal infections among adult population were searched.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in paired serum and breastmilk samples among pregnant farmworkers in Thailand.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely detected in pregnant persons and can be transferred to the developing fetus in utero. Breastfeeding may represent an important source of PFAS exposure for infants. However, studies quantifying levels of PFAS in breastmilk samples remain scarce, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

Culex sarpangensis, a new species of the subgenus Culiciomyia Theobald of the genus Culex Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Bhutan.

A new species of the subgenus Culiciomyia Theobald of the genus Culex Linnaeus is described from larvae found in a stream margin in Umling Gewog, Sarpang District of Bhutan. Based on morphology, the larvae are sufficiently distinct from the larvae of other species of the subgenus to be described and formally named here as Culex sarpangensis Somboon, Namgay & Harbach, sp. nov.

Model for an International Case Sharing Program to Enhance Global Palliative Care Education.

Context: In Thailand, the field of palliative medicine is growing but access and training remain limited. We sought to expand education of resident physicians at Chiang Mai University (CMU) in Thailand through development of an international case sharing program.

Objectives: The goals of this project were to increase knowledge of core palliative care topics, to cultivate a culture of reflective clinical practice, and to create a model for collaboration in international palliative care education that can be replicated by other institutions.

Theoretical investigation of structure and electronic properties in Cisplatin-citrate complexes.

Cisplatin (CDDP) is an effective Platinum (Pt) based anticancer drug used in chemotherapy. However, its effectiveness is limited due to its instability in solvents, along with the side effects it causes due to DNA damage. Nanoparticles (NPs) were developed in vitro to address these issues by loading CDDP into various types of NPs, including metal, lipid, and biological NPs.

A Study of the Acoustic Voice Parameters Among Older Thai People in Chiang Mai.

Unlabelled: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine acoustic voice parameters among older Thai individuals in Chiang Mai-a northern Thai province with the third-largest elderly population and significant PM exposure-and to compare these measures between normal and abnormal voice groups within this population.

Method: The study involved 125 Thai elderly with normal voices, who were selected through a multi-stage sampling process and assessed by using the GRBASI scale (Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain, Instability), and 45 elderly Thai individuals with abnormal voices, selected through purposive sampling and diagnosed by an Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) doctor or assessed by using the GRBASI scale. Additionally, participants with normal voices underwent a speech discrimination test before voice recording.

Accuracy of the model derived from red blood cell indices in predicting α-thalassemia trait among non-anemic pregnant women.

Background: The study aims to establish prediction model derived from red blood cell indices to improve the accuracy of α-thalassemia trait screening in non-anemic pregnant women.

Method: A diagnostic study as secondary analysis on the prospective database was conducted. The participants were pregnant women, undergoing α-thalassemia screening at first visit antenatal care using red blood cell indices with confirmation by PCR method.

Major injuries and associated factors in traffic accidents among motorcycle food delivery riders during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand.

Motorcycle food delivery riders (MFDRs) are at a higher risk of traffic accidents compared to regular motorcyclists. Their safety is a significant issue in many developing countries, particularly in Thailand, which has the highest rate of motorcyclist fatalities globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of traffic accidents and explore the association between risky riding behaviors, concerns for working conditions, and accidents among MFDRs.

Health Effects of Heavy Metal Exposure Among E-waste Workers and Community-dwelling Adults in Thailand: A Cross-sectional Study.

Objectives: Global concern is increasing about the health effects of electronic waste (e-waste). This study examines the health impacts of heavy metal (HM) exposure among e-waste workers (EWWs) and community-dwelling adults (CDAs) in Northeastern Thailand and identifies factors associated with adverse health outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of 164 EWWs and 164 CDAs.

Impact of calcineurin inhibitors on gut microbiota: Focus on tacrolimus with evidence from in vivo and clinical studies.

Calcineurin Inhibitors (CNIs), including tacrolimus and cyclosporine A, are the most widely used immunosuppressive drugs in solid organ transplantation. Those drugs play a pivotal role in preventing graft rejection and reducing autoimmunity. However, recent studies indicate that CNIs can disrupt the composition of gut microbiota or result in "gut dysbiosis".

Integrating Acceptance and Commitment Therapy with Selective Optimization with Compensation to Predict Wellbeing.

Objectives: Selective Optimization with Compensation (SOC) is an empirically supported model of successful aging. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an empirically supported intervention that has a theoretical model which is complementary to the SOC model. Combining the two models can provide a more comprehensive view of successful aging.

Development and validation of a predictive model (CHASE-OSA) for preoperative assessment of moderate-to-severe pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose: Undetected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children increases the likelihood of perioperative respiratory complications. Current screening tools for OSA often lack sensitivity or are overly complex. This study aimed to develop and validate a simplified preoperative predictive model for moderate-to-severe pediatric OSA.

Impact of ambient air pollution on physical activity engagement among university students.

Introduction: PM2.5 poses significant health risks with prolonged exposure, potentially reducing physical activity levels. This study aims to investigate the impact of ambient PM2.

Information Needs Among Thai Women Breast Cancer Patients During the Initial Treatment Phase: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aims: To examine the information needs of breast cancer patients during the initial phase of treatment and to analyse the factors that influenced these needs.

Background: Providing comprehensive and timely information during early breast cancer treatment is crucial for informed decision-making and effective coping. Healthcare providers must address these needs to enhance patient support and improve outcomes.

Wound healing effect of fucoidan-loaded gelatin/oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel.

Various wound dressings are under development to accelerate wound healing, and hydrogels in particular have the potential to create ideal conditions for wound healing. In this study, we investigated a novel hydrogel based on gelatin/oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose loaded with fucoidan derived from Ecklonia cava (ECF) for wound treatment. The mechanical stability and self-healing ability of the hydrogel were optimized, and its cytocompatibility was demonstrated against RAW 264.

Rhinovirus infection presenting with acute myocarditis with complete heart block in a child: a case report.

This report outlines a 9-year-old Thai boy with acute myocarditis due to rhinovirus infection, manifesting complete heart block. Despite aggressive treatment, including pulse methylprednisolone and temporary pacing, his condition remained unstable. He gradually improved over five days in the paediatric cardiac ICU and continued recovery over six months.