Gene expression and hormonal signaling in osteoporosis: from molecular mechanisms to clinical breakthroughs.

Osteoporosis is well noted to be a universal ailment that realization impaired bone mass and micro architectural deterioration thus enhancing the probability of fracture. Despite its high incidence, its management remains highly demanding because of the multifactorial pathophysiology of the disease. This review highlights recent findings in the management of osteoporosis particularly, gene expression and hormonal control.

Evaluation of Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis, Omentin, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Subjects with Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Periodontal disease worsens glycemic control due to the bidirectional link between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), involving inflammatory markers such as soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and omentin-1. However, their combined role in T2DM with periodontitis has not been studied. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of these biomarkers in periodontitis patients with T2DM before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).

Biogenic synthesized CuO nanoparticles and 5-fluorouracil loaded anticancer gel for HeLa cervical cancer cells.

Cervical cancer remains a significant health challenge in developing countries are high due to low HPV vaccination rates, delayed diagnosis, and restricted healthcare access. Metal nanomaterials, such as copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs), have shown significant promise in cancer therapy due to their ability to induce apoptosis. 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) enhances the cytotoxic effect against cervical cancer, working synergistically with CuO NPs to maximize the therapeutic impact while potentially reducing the 5-Fu's systemic side effects.

Impact of Climatic Factors on the Temporal Trend of Malaria in India from 1961 to 2021.

Malaria remains a significant public health problem in India. Although temperature influences Anopheline mosquito feeding intervals, population density, and longevity, the reproductive potential of the Plasmodium parasite and rainfall influence the availability of larval habitats, and evidence to correlate the impact of climatic factors on the incidence of malaria is sparse. Understanding the influence of climatic factors on malaria transmission will help us predict the future spread and intensification of the disease.

Molecular Mimicry Between Gut Microbiome and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Current Concepts.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) represents an autoimmune condition impacted by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, with the gut microbiome (GMB) being one of the influential environmental factors. Patients with RA display notable modifications in the composition of their GMB, characterised by decreased diversity and distinct bacterial alterations. The GMB, comprising an extensive array of approximately 35,000 bacterial species residing within the gastrointestinal tract, has garnered considerable attention as a pivotal contributor to both human health and the pathogenesis of diseases.

Repurposing fluvoxamine as an inhibitor for NUDT5 in breast cancer cell: an in silico and in vitro study.

Unlabelled: Drug repurposing is necessary to accelerate drug discovery and meet the drug needs. This study investigated the possibility of using fluvoxamine to inhibit the cellular metabolizing enzyme NUDT5 in breast cancer. Computational and experimental techniques were used to evaluate the structural flexibility, binding stability, and chemical reactivity of the drugs.

Investigating the neuroprotective properties of extract against MPP-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells.

This study aims to assess the neuroprotective effects of the methanolic extract of against oxidative stress and cell death induced by neurotoxins MPP  in SH-SY5Y cells. Briefly, the methanolic extract of decreased the cytotoxicity of MPP  in SH-SY5Y cells. Treatment with extract at a concentration of 400 µg/ml resulted in a notable decrease in cell death, particularly in MPP  -induced cells.

Early detection of Alzheimer's disease in structural and functional MRI.

Objectives: To implement state-of-the-art deep learning architectures such as Deep-Residual-U-Net and DeepLabV3+ for precise segmentation of hippocampus and ventricles, in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Integrate VGG-16 with Random Forest (VGG-16-RF) and VGG-16 with Support Vector Machine (VGG-16-SVM) to enhance the binary classification accuracy of Alzheimer's disease, comparing their performance against traditional classifiers.

Method: OpenNeuro and Harvard's Data verse provides Alzheimer's coronal functional MRI data.

Prevalence and Impact of Cytomegalovirus Primary Infection and Reactivation on Graft Function in Post-Renal Transplant Recipients.

Introduction Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is often associated with mortality and significant morbidity following renal transplantation leading to graft rejection or dysfunction. Primary CMV infection refers to the first detection of the virus in a person who has no prior evidence of CMV exposure before transplantation. CMV has a unique property called latency.

Transmigration of an Impacted Mandibular Canine: A Report of Two Cases.

Transmigration of an impacted mandibular canine is a rare entity. Published cases are scarce. The etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear.

Anatomical Insights: Two Case Reports on Protostylid Variants and Literature Synthesis.

Protostylids are an anatomical variant of the paramolar tubercle, which refers to the presence of an additional cusp in the buccal surfaces of maxillary and mandibular bicuspids and molars. This structure, first reported by Dahlberg in 1950, is found in low frequencies and plays a significant role in dental anthropology. This anatomical variant, if present poses a threat to dental caries and periodontal diseases and hence requires early diagnosis and preventive dental care.

Chronic kidney disease and aging: dissecting the p53/p21 pathway as a therapeutic target.

Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) are a group of multi-factorial disorders that markedly impair kidney functions with progressive renal deterioration. Aging contributes to age-specific phenotypes in kidneys, which undergo several structural and functional alterations, such as a decline in regenerative capacity and increased fibrosis, inflammation, and tubular atrophy, all predisposing them to disease and increasing their susceptibility to injury while impeding their recovery. A central feature of these age-related processes is the activation of the p53/p21 pathway signaling.

Enhanced wound healing properties by sodium alginate-carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel enriched with decellularized amniotic membrane.

Skin, as the primary interface with the external environment, is susceptible to damage, posing a formidable challenge for complete restoration in adult skin injuries. Wound healing remains a clinical challenge, necessitating advanced biomaterials to support cell proliferation, modulate inflammation, and combat infections. Among several options, hydrogel can be a capable contender for biological dressings.

Automation and miniaturization of high-throughput qPCR for gene expression profiling.

Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a technique commonly employed in laboratories and core facilities. In our previous study, we had shown the possibility to automate steps in a panel-specific gene expression workflow by pairing Mosquito HV with BioMark HD. Here we aimed to automate the full workflow and explore miniaturization capabilities.

Evaluation of a synergistic blend of short- and medium-chain fatty acids as a dietary intervention for the effective management of Vibriosis in shrimp culture.

Vibriosis caused by Vibrio spp. is imposing severe havoc and adverse effects on shrimp culture. Antibiotics are the most widely used therapeutic measures against vibriosis.

A systematic Review of Spirituality Tools Based on Psychometric Qualities and Recommendations for Future Research.

Spiritual lifestyles positively impact physical and mental health, which can be addressed by effective spiritual tools. This review systematically evaluates general spirituality instruments retrieved from various databases. Among the top four validated tools with strong psychometric properties, each exhibited a limitation-such as contamination, absence of subscales, or lack of confirmatory factor analysis-which impacts their broader applicability.

Soil temperature estimation at different depths using machine learning paradigms based on meteorological data.

Knowledge of soil temperature (ST) is important for analysing environmental conditions and climate change. Moreover, ST is a vital element of soil that impacts crop growth as well as the germination of the seeds. In this study, four machine-learning (ML) paradigms including random forest (RF), radial basis neural network (RBNN), multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN), and co-active neuro-fuzzy inference system (CANFIS) were used for estimation of daily ST at different soil depths (i.