P2YR-IGFBP2 signaling: new contributor to astrocyte-neuron communication.

In a recent article published in Nature Communications (Shigetomi et al Nat Commun 15(1):6525, 2024), Shigetomi et al. identified that upregulated astrocytic purinergic P2Y receptors (P2YR), acting via the downstream molecule, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), play a crucial role in neuronal hyperexcitability. In epilepsy and stroke models, P2YR-IGFBP2 signaling was found to mediate astrocyte-driven neuronal hyperexcitability and so is a new contributor to astrocyte-neuron communication.

Phoenixin-14 inhibits the formation of cerebral aneurysms in rats by downregulating the p38/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Cerebral aneurysms (CA) are a serious condition characterized by the bulging of a blood vessel in the brain, which can lead to rupture and life-threatening bleeding. The pathophysiology of CA involves complex processes, particularly inflammation and macrophage infiltration. Phoenixin-14 (PNX-14) is a neuropeptide with diverse biological effects, including roles in reproduction, energy homeostasis, and inflammation.

Time-series transcriptome analysis reveals the cascade mechanism of biological processes following the perturbation of the MVA pathway in Salvia miltiorrhiza.

Various biological processes are interconnected in plants. Transcription factors (TFs) often act as regulatory hubs to regulate plant growth and responses to stress by integrating various biological pathways. Despite extensive studies on TFs functions in various plant species, our understanding of the details of TFs regulation remains limited.

Impact of geriatric nutritional risk index on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients: a comprehensive meta-analysis.

Background: The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), derived from serum albumin levels and body weight relative to ideal body weight, is a novel tool for assessing nutritional status. This meta-analysis explored the association between GNRI and the clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies evaluating the GNRI in patients with ACS.

Alcohol promotes CPT1A-induced lipid metabolism disorder to sentinel-regulate acute pancreatitis.

Background And Aims: Previous studies have confirmed that alcohol can increase the sensitivity of the pancreas to stressors and exacerbate the severity of pancreatitis when excessive alcohol intake is combined with other causes. In the current work, this study attempted to explore how does alcohol regulate cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis, especially before inflammation occurs.

Methods: Proteomics was performed to analyze the differentially expressed proteins in pancreatic tissues from a rat model of pancreatitis.

The Bidirectional Relationship Between Workplace Bullying and Presenteeism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although previous studies suggest a link between workplace bullying and presenteeism, uncertainties persist regarding the direction, strength, and influencing factors. Understanding the potential mediators and moderators is crucial to addressing these issues in workplace settings.

Objective: This study aims to clarify the bidirectional relationship between workplace bullying and presenteeism, assess the strength and direction of this association, and identify individual and work-related factors that mediate or moderate these interactions.

Influence of gut bacteria on type 2 diabetes: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategy.

The onset and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are strongly associated with imbalances in gut bacteria, making the gut microbiome a new potential therapeutic focus. This commentary examines the recent publication in . The article explores the association between T2DM and gut microbiota, with a focus on the pathophysiological changes related to dysbiosis.

Genomic profiles and their associations with microsatellite instability status, tumor mutational burden, and programmed death ligand 1 expression in Chinese patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most prevalent malignancies globally, with a rising incidence observed in younger demographics. Despite surgical resection remaining the cornerstone of treatment, metastatic CRC poses significant therapeutic challenges. Immunotherapy, a mode of treatment that leverages the patient's immune system, presents a promising frontier in CRC management, particularly for late-stage cases with limited treatment options.

Sc-Catalyzed Asymmetric [2 + 2] Annulation of 2-Alkynylnaphthols with Dienes to Access Cyclobutene Frameworks.

Herein, we introduce a scandium-catalyzed synthetic strategy that provides access to a diverse and functionalized array of cyclobutene frameworks adorned with a quaternary carbon center. This approach broadens the synthetic repertoire of 2-alkynylnaphthols with alkenes, offering a versatile platform for the construction of complex molecular architectures. The asymmetric catalytic [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction demonstrates a wide substrate scope and an impressive functional group tolerance, yielding products with high efficiency, up to 97% yield, and excellent enantiomeric excess of up to 97%.

Astragaloside IV attenuates cadmium induced nephrotoxicity in rats by activating Nrf2.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) has become a disease of global concern due to its high morbidity and mortality. This has highlighted the need for renoprotective agents. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a saponin isolated from Astragalus membranaceus with good antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties.

A network meta-analysis of therapies for hyperphosphatemia in CKD based on randomized trials.

To update the efficacy and safety of different drugs for the treatment of patients with hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease, we conducted a network meta-analysis of 22 therapies for the treatment of uncontrolled hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). All randomized controlled trials on hyperphosphatemia published from January 2013 to November 2023 were searched from CNKI, VIP database, Wanfang database, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the serum phosphorus, calcium levels, total effective rate and adverse events of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The role of skin microbiota in lichen planus from a Mendelian randomization perspective.

Lichen planus is a chronic skin lesion characterized by pruritic violaceous papules, which has a high risk of morbidity. Skin microbiota plays an important role in the maintenance of cutaneous mucosal barrier and human health and immune homeostasis. Studies have shown that skin microbiota may play a role in the pathogenesis of lichen planus, but it is not yet clear.

Effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese therapies intreating patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic, progressive disease that affects both upper and lower motor neurons. Some physicians have used traditional Chinese therapies (TCT) to treat ALS. However, there has been no systematic review or meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TCT interventions.

Acupuncture Dosage and Its Correlation with Effectiveness in Patients with Chronic Stable Angina: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of various acupuncture dosages for Chronic Stable Angina (CSA) using randomized controlled trials (RCTs), addressing the unclear relationship between dosage and effectiveness despite acupuncture's potential.

Methods: We searched eight bibliographic databases from inception to October 31, 2024, evaluating RCTs comparing acupuncture to placebo or standard care for CSA patients, focusing on angina attack frequency as the primary outcome. Studies were categorized into high (HDG), moderate (MDG), and low (LDG) dosage groups based on acupuncture characteristics: the number of acupoints, total sessions, frequency per week, and the need for "Deqi".

DNA origami-based composite nanosandwich for iteratively potentiated chemo-immunotherapy.

Developing effective nanoplatforms for chemo-immunotherapy to achieve enhanced tumor suppression and systemic antitumor immunity has recently received extensive attention. Herein, we formulated a multifunctional DNA sandwich nanodevice, DSWAC/siPD-L1, based on triangular DNA origami, to implement enhanced cancer chemo-immunotherapy. Taking advantage of the tumor-targeting ability of the AS1411 aptamer, DSWAC/siPD-L1 efficiently delivered doxorubicin (DOX), CpG, and siPD-L1 into tumor cells.

Molecular docking and network pharmacology research on the Danggui Sini Decoction's mechanism of action for treating erectile dysfunction.

Utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking, we evaluated the possible pharmacological mechanism of Danggui Sini Decoction (DGSND) for treating erectile dysfunction (ED). DGSND's chemical components and targets were found utilizing the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Disease-related genes associated with ED were identified through GeneCards, OMIM, TTD, DrugBank, and DisGeNET databases.

Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the pharmacognostic mechanism of the metabolism of flavonoids in different parts of Polygonum capitatum.

The plant Polygonum capitatum (P. capitatum) contains a variety of flavonoids that are distributed differently among different parts. Nevertheless, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with this heterogeneous distribution have not been identified.

Aptamer proximal enzyme cascade reactions for ultrafast detection of glucose in human blood serum.

An innovative colorimetric sensing strategy was developed for the detection of glucose by the integration of glucose aptamer, glucose oxidase (GOx), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), termed aptamer proximal enzyme cascade reactions (APECR). In the presence of glucose, aptamer binding enables GOx to catalyze glucose oxidation into HO efficiently. Subsequently, the adjacent HRP catalyzes the oxidation of the peroxidase substrate, 2,2'-biazobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), utilizing the generated HO, resulting in a distinct color change.