[Construction of Panax ginseng root yeast library and screening of interacting proteins of PgD14 and Pgpht2-1].

To construct a high-quality Panax ginseng cDNA library, transcription factors binding to the P. ginseng PgD14 gene promoter were screened by yeast one-hybrid, and proteins interacting with the P. ginseng Pgpht2-1 gene-encoded protein were screened by yeast two-hybrid.

[Study on differences in metabolism and transcription of ginseng seeds after morphological post ripening by space flight].

To explore the difference in metabolism and transcription between seeds experiencing space flight and ground seeds after morphological post ripening, this study utilized ginseng seeds experiencing space flight and ground seeds as materials. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses were conducted using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS) and high-throughput transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq) technologies, so as to identify differential terpenoid metabolites, differential endogenous hormones, and differentially expressed genes. The results showed that through metabolomics analysis, a total of 22 differential terpenoid metabolites were identified in the experimental and control groups, including chikusetsusaponin FK_7, ginsenoside F_2, ginseno-side K, majoroside R_1, ginsenoside Re_5, 12-hydroxyabietic acid, etc; through transcriptomics analysis, 15 differential terpenoid metabolism-related differentially expressed genes were identified in the experimental and control groups, including FCase, AACT, PMK, etc, and these genes were integrated into the pathway based on the MEP and MVA.

Porous carbon-nanostructured electrocatalysts for zinc-air batteries: from materials design to applications.

Zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are pivotal in the evolution of sustainable energy storage solutions, distinguished by their high energy density and minimal environmental footprint. The oxygen electrode, which relies on sophisticated porous carbon materials, is critical to operational efficiency. This review scrutinizes oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) processes in ZABs through advanced porous carbon applications.

Preparation and characterization of hierarchically porous hybrid gels for efficient dye adsorption.

Water treatment faces significant challenges due to the increasing complexity of pollutants and the need for more efficient, sustainable treatment methods. However, current adsorbent materials often struggle with issues such as low adsorption capacity, slow kinetics, and poor reusability, limiting their practical application. In this study, we developed a novel hierarchical porous hybrid gel (HPHG) for water treatment to address the limitations of conventional adsorbents.

Mechanical properties and water vapour corrosion behaviour of Al CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys.

Al CoCrFeNi ( = 0.1, 0.5 and 1) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were prepared using a spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique combined with aerosol powder.

Carboxylic acid isomer-directed synthesis of CdS nanocluster isomers.

Selective synthesis of nanocluster (NC) isomers with tailored structures holds significant importance for enhancing their applications. Here, we develop an effective strategy for the selective synthesis of CdS NC isomers through the judicious choice of a pair of carboxylic acid isomer additives. Specifically, CdS NC-312 and NC-323 (denoted by their UV-vis absorption peak position) could be selectively produced by introducing a conventional mixture of Cd and S precursors, with the addition of 2-methylbutyric acid (2-MA) and 3-methylbutyric acid (3-MA), respectively.

Efficacy and advantage of immunotherapy for melanoma intramuscular co-expression of plasmid-encoded PD-1 and CTLA-4 scFvs.

Immunotherapy, in the shape of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has completely changed the treatment of cancer. However, the increasing expense of treatment and the frequency of immune-related side effects, which are frequently associated with combination antibody therapies and Fc fragment of antibody, have limited the patient's ability to benefit from these treatments. Herein, we presented the therapeutic effects of the plasmid-encoded PD-1 and CTLA-4 scFvs (single-chain variable fragment) for melanoma an optimized intramuscular gene delivery system.

[Interaction between root exudates of medicinal plants and rhizosphere microorganisms and its application in ecological planting of Chinese medicinal materials].

The rhizosphere is an important place for material exchange between medicinal plants and soil. Root exudates are the medium of material and signal exchange between plants and soil and are the key factors in the regulation of rhizosphere microecology. Rhizosphere microorganisms are an important part of the rhizosphere microecology of medicinal plants, and the interaction between root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms has an important influence on the growth and quality formation of medicinal plants.

Restraining the shuttle effect of polyiodides and modulating the deposition of zinc ions to enhance the cycle lifespan of aqueous Zn-I batteries.

The boom of aqueous Zn-based energy storage devices, such as zinc-iodine (Zn-I) batteries, is quite suitable for safe and sustainable energy storage technologies. However, in rechargeable aqueous Zn-I batteries, the shuttle phenomenon of polyiodide ions usually leads to irreversible capacity loss resulting from both the iodine cathode and the zinc anode, and thus impinges on the cycle lifespan of the battery. Herein, a nontoxic, biocompatible, and economical polymer of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is exploited as an electrolyte additive.

Manipulating the crystal plane angle within the primary particle arrangement for the radial ordered structure in a Ni-rich cathode.

Ni-rich cathodes with a radial ordered microstructure have been proved to enhance materials' structural stability. However, the construction process of radial structures has not yet been clearly elaborated. Herein, the formation process of radial structures induced by different doped elements has been systematically investigated.

Mechanism of synergistic removal of NO and SO by sodium bicarbonate.

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) is considered to be an effective alkaline adsorbent for SO removal and surprisingly, the concentration of NO is significantly reduced along with the generation of NO during its desulfurization. Unfortunately, the mechanism of NO interaction with NaHCO, SO and O is ambiguous. In this work, the effects of absorption gas and absorber composition on SO/NO absorption performance were explored, the absorption products were characterized using XPS and SEM, and the Gibbs free energy of the inferred reaction path was calculated based on density functional theory (DFT).

[Equivalence of combined decoction and mixed single decoctions of Gegen Qinlian Decoction in alleviating chemotherapy-associated diarrhea].

This study compared the chemical profiles, component content, dry paste yield, and pharmacological effects of samples obtained from the mixed single decoctions and the combined decoction of Gegen Qinlian Decoction(GQD), aiming to provide an experimental foundation for evaluating the equivalence of the two decocting methods and the suitability of TCM formula granules in clinical application. The same decoction process was used to prepare the combined decoction and mixed single decoctions of GQD. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS) was employed to compare the chemical profiles between the two groups.

Unprecedented energy storage in metal-organic complexes constitutional isomerism.

The essence of any electrochemical system is engraved in its electrical double layer (EDL), and we report its unprecedented reorganization by the structural isomerism of molecules, with a direct consequence on their energy storage capability. Electrochemical and spectroscopic analyses in combination with computational and modelling studies demonstrate that an attractive field-effect due to the molecule's structural-isomerism, in contrast to a repulsive field-effect, spatially screens the ion-ion coulombic repulsions in the EDL and reconfigures the local density of anions. In a laboratory-level prototype supercapacitor, those with β-structural isomerism exhibit nearly 6-times elevated energy storage compared to the state-of-the-art electrodes, by delivering ∼535 F g at 1 A g while maintaining high performance metrics even at a rate as high as 50 A g.

Controlled mechano-luminescence properties of SrGaO:Tb co-doping with Dy and Eu ions.

Trap-controlled mechano-luminescence (ML) featuring photon emission under mechanical stimuli provides promising applications such as dynamic imaging of force, integrated optical sensing, information storage, and anti-counterfeiting encryption. However, the corresponding emission with a single color still limits the application of ML materials. Here, a trap-controlled ML phosphor of SrGaO:Tb (SGO:Tb) with a green-emission is investigated with an adjustable ML color.

Improved redox synthesis of Mn-Co bimetallic oxide catalysts using citric acid and their toluene oxidation activity.

In this work, high-activity cobalt-doped α-MnO hybrid materials were prepared using the citric acid oxidation reduction (CR) technique and applied to the catalytic oxidation of toluene. Compared to the traditional processes such as sol-gel, co-precipitation and our previous reported self-driving combustion process, the microstructure of Mn-Co bimetallic oxide catalyst is easier to regulated as well as the dispersion of active phase. Moreover, some accurate characterization techniques such as XRD, H-TPR, O-TPD, SEM, TEM, and XPS have been employed, to further illustrate the intrinsic factors for the efficient catalytic oxidation of toluene.

An accuracy improved ratiometric SERS sensor for rhodamine 6G in chili powder using a metal-organic framework support.

Internal standard molecule 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) embedded Au core-Ag shell nanorods (Au-MBA@Ag NRs) were prepared by a seed-mediated growth method, then loaded on octahedral MIL-88B-NH to obtain a novel ratiometric SERS substrate of Au-MBA@Ag NRs/PSS/MIL-88B-NH (AMAPM) for detecting rhodamine 6G (R6G) in chili powder. The porous structure and excellent adsorption ability of MIL-88B-NH, allowed for increased loading of Au-MBA@Ag NRs, thereby shortening the distance between adsorbed R6G and the "hot spot" resulting from local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au-MBA@Ag NRs. Based on the SERS characteristic peak ratio of R6G to 4-MBA, the ratiometric SERS substrate displayed improved accuracy and excellent performance for R6G detection, with a wide linear range of 5-320 nM and a low detection limit of 2.

[Melanogenesis of quality markers in Vernonia anthelmintica Injection based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS combined network pharmacology].

This study aimed to evaluate the biological effect and mechanism of Vernonia anthelmintica Injection(VAI) on melanin accumulation. The in vivo depigmentation model was induced by propylthiouracil(PTU) in zebrafish, and the effect of VAI on melanin accumulation was evaluated based on the in vitro B16F10 cell model. The chemical composition of VAI was identified according to the high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS).

A multifunctional integrated carbon nanotubes/polyphenylene sulfide composite: preparation, properties and applications.

Although great progress has been achieved in polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) composites by the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the development of cost-efficient, well dispersive and multifunctional integrated PPS composites has yet to be achieved because of the strong solvent resistance of PPS. In this work, a CNTs-PPS/PVA composite material has been prepared by mucus dispersion-annealing, which employed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to disperse PPS particles and CNTs at room temperature. Dispersion and scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that PVA mucus can uniformly suspend and disperse micron-sized PPS particles, promoting the interpenetration of the micro-nano scale between PPS and CNTs.

Exploring the binding effects and inhibiting mechanism of hyperoside to lipase using multi-spectroscopic approaches, isothermal titration calorimetry, inhibition kinetics and molecular dynamics.

Hyperoside (HYP) is a flavonoid with various physiological activities. The present study examined the interaction mechanism between HYP and lipase using multi-spectrum and computer-aided techniques. Results demonstrated that the force type of HYP on lipase was mainly hydrogen bond, hydrophobic interaction force, and van der Waals force, and HYP had an excellent binding affinity with lipase at 1.

Double design of host and guest synergistically reinforces the Na-ion storage of sulfur cathodes.

Development of room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries is significantly hampered by the shuttle effect of soluble intermediates and intrinsically sluggish conversion kinetics. In this work, a double design host and guest strategy (, implantation of a polar VO adsorbent into a carbon substrate and selenium doping of a sulfur guest) is proposed to synergistically reinforce the electrochemical properties of sulfur electrodes in sodium ion storage. The VO adsorbent efficiently immobilizes sulfur species strong polar-polar interactions, while the selenium dopant improves the electronic conductivity of sulfur cathodes and accelerates the redox conversion of sulfur cathodes.

Simultaneous catalytic oxidation of Hg and AsH over Fe-Ce co-doped TiO catalyst under low temperature and reducing atmosphere.

The Fe-Ce bimetal oxide-doped titanium dioxide composite was synthesized by the sol-gel method and the performance of the catalyst was investigated for the removal of Hg and AsH from yellow phosphorus flue gas under different conditions. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the crystal structure and morphology of the structure, and the mechanisms for removing Hg and AsH from flue gas by catalytic oxidation were deduced. The results showed that the optimal calcination temperature of the FeCeTi catalyst was 500 °C, and the optimal pH of the sol was 6.

Sensitive detection of 4-nitrophenol based on pyridine diketopyrrolopyrrole-functionalized graphene oxide direct electrochemical sensor.

For highly sensitive detection of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in the environment, a novel pyridine diketopyrrolopyrrole-functionalized graphene oxide (PDPP-GO) composite was constructed for the first time by an improved Hummers' method. Herein, PDPP was completely dissolved in sulfuric acid (6 mol L) and reacted with GO, promoting PDPP evenly adhering to the GO surface. Moreover, the specific surface area increased from 15.

[Response of root morphogenesis of medicinal plants to low phosphorus stress and molecular mechanism].

The content of available phosphorus in soil is generally low worldwide. Phosphorus, one of the necessary macroelements for plant growth and development, plays an important role in cell structure, material composition and energy metabolism, and signal transduction in plants. Phosphate transporter(PHT) genes are important for plant growth and development, root morphogenesis, secondary metabolism, hormone response, and phosphorus balance.