Disseminated infection in a person with AIDS: A case report.

Background: is a nonculturable, nontuberculous mycobacterium that occasionally causes serious infections in individuals with immune deficiencies. Owing to its nonculturable nature, its antimicrobial susceptibility has not been assessed, and the optimal treatment regimen is unclear. Herein, we report a case of disseminated infection in a person with AIDS, identified using metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Near-Infrared Light-Mediated Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy Based on Erythrosine-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica-Coated Upconversion Nanoplatform.

Infectious diseases caused by bacteria pose a serious threat to public health, and more worryingly, the unregulated application of antibiotics accelerates the emergence of bacterial resistance, presenting a major challenge to the effective treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacteria. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity to develop efficient and safe antimicrobial systems. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an attractive therapeutic approach that does not induce bacterial resistance.

Strategies for treating the cold tumors of cholangiocarcinoma: core concepts and future directions.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare type of digestive tract cancer originating from the epithelial cells of the liver and biliary tract. Current treatment modalities for CCA, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have demonstrated limited efficacy in enhancing survival rates. Despite the revolutionary potential of immunotherapy in cancer management, its application in CCA remains restricted due to the minimal infiltration of immune cells in these tumors, rendering them cold and unresponsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Corrigendum: The relationship between heavy metals and metabolic syndrome using machine learning.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.

Pneumonia in an elderly Tibetan male caused by Shewanella algae: A case report.

Rationale: Shewanella algae are Gram-negative bacteria that are widely found in aquatic habitats and rarely cause lung infections in inland areas.

Patient Concerns: Cough with light-yellow phlegm for 2 weeks.

Diagnoses: The final diagnosis was bacterial pneumonia.

Cxcr4a regulates heart progenitor development and cardiac rhythm in zebrafish.

is involved in multiple organ development including coronary vasculature formation and heart left-right (LR) patterning, whether it is involved in heart progenitor determination and cardiac rhythm regulation is not addressed. Here we showed that in mutants, from 2 days post fertilization (dpf) to 4dpf the embryos transiently displayed pericardial edema and increased cardiac rhythm. While from 5dpf, the heart phenotype disappeared.

Feasibility and Success of Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect Occluders and Mushroom-Shaped Occluders in Transcatheter Patent Ductus Arteriosus Closure in Low-Weight Children: A Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Analysis from a Chinese National Regional Health Center.

Introduction: Muscular ventricular septal defect occluders (MVSDOs) have been attempted as an option in low-weight patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). However, few studies have assessed the safety of transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus closure (TCPC) using MVSDO. Therefore, we compared the outcomes in low-weight patients who used MVSDO and mushroom-shaped occluder (MSO).

Integration of autonomous maximal smile 3D image with digital 3D dental model and investigation of its accuracy.

Objectives: This study aims to establish an approach to integrate autonomous maximal smile (AMS) 3D facial image with digital 3D dental models to demonstrate the digital orthodontic set-up in the 3D facial context.

Methods: Using Geomagic Studio software, the AMS 3D facial image and pre-treatment dental model were manually and globally registered. Subsequently, the pre-treatment dental model was substituted with the predicted post-treatment dental model.

The Roles of mTOR Signaling in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: From Pathogenesis to Therapy.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy caused by cancer of the mucosal epithelial cells of the nasopharynx. Most patients with NPC present with distant metastases and treatment resistance, both of which challenge current anti-tumour drugs. The mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway is one of the most highly activated signalling pathways in NPC and plays an important role in various cellular activities.

Screening and Analysis of Core Genes for Osteoporosis Based on Bioinformatics Analysis and Machine Learning Algorithms.

Objective: This study aimed to identify osteoporosis-related core genes using bioinformatics analysis and machine learning algorithms.

Methods: mRNA expression profiles of osteoporosis patients were obtained from the Gene Expression Profiles (GEO) database, with GEO35958 and GEO84500 used as training sets, and GEO35957 and GSE56116 as validation sets. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using the R software "limma" package.

Long-term exposure to PM chemical constituents and diabesity: evidence from a multi-center cohort study in China.

Background: Long-term exposure to PM is known to increase the risks for diabetes and obesity, but its effects on their coexistence, termed diabesity, remain uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the associations of long-term exposure to PM and its chemical constituents with the risks for diabesity, diabetes, and obesity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used the baseline data of a multi-center cohort, consisting of three provincially representative cohorts comprising a total of 134,403 participants from the eastern (Fujian Province), central (Hubei Province), and western (Yunnan Province) regions of China.

Multidimensional biological characteristics of ground glass nodules.

The detection rate of ground glass nodules (GGNs) has increased in recent years because of their malignant potential but relatively indolent biological behavior; thus, correct GGN recognition and management has become a research focus. Many scholars have explored the underlying mechanism of the indolent progression of GGNs from several perspectives, such as pathological type, genomic mutational characteristics, and immune microenvironment. GGNs have different major mutated genes at different stages of development; mutation is the most common mutation in GGNs, and mutation is the most abundant mutation in the invasive stage of GGNs.

Tanshinol ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization through suppression of the notch signaling pathway.

Background: Psoriasis is a common immune-related chronic inflammatory skin disease, often accompanied by significant itching, and once diseased, the course of the disease lasts for most of the lifetime. Tanshinol (TAN) is an active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which possesses pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the effects of TAN on psoriasis have not been widely reported.

The heart rate non-dipping pattern was associated with target organ damage in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Purpose: We performed the study to investigate the association between heart rate (HR) non-dipping pattern and target organ damage in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 447 patients with CKD and hypertension were enrolled. 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted.

Nutritional Management of Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Qualitative Exploration of Patients' and Healthcare Professionals' Perspectives.

Objectives: To describe the experiences of lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in nutrition management and the problems in the process of implementing nutrition management for patients by healthcare professionals.

Methods: This is a qualitative descriptive study. Qualitative data were collected through semistructured interviews with lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (N = 16) and healthcare professionals (N = 24) from the oncology department at three tertiary grade A hospitals.

Recombinant Klotho protein protects pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells against sepsis-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 pathway.

Background: Inflammation-induced apoptosis of alveolar type II epithelial cells is a primary contributor to sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Klotho is a single-pass transmembrane protein with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the role and mechanism of Klotho in the development of ARDS remains unknown.

A review regarding the article 'Local versus General Anaesthesia for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI): A systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis of randomised and propensity-score matched studies'.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a promising treatment strategy for high-risk surgical patients, and trials investigating its effectiveness in intermediate- and lower-risk patients are underway. Data are inconsistent regarding the superiority of using local anesthesia with conscious sedation alone versus general anesthesia (GA) as the anesthesia management of choice for elderly frail patients. Historically, TAVI procedure is performed under GA with transesophageal echocardiography.

A review regarding the article 'Effectiveness of mechanical circulatory support devices in reversing pulmonary hypertension among heart transplant candidates: A systematic review.'.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) with high pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is a very often diagnosed contraindication for orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). It is a direct consequence of left ventricle failure characterized by high diastolic pressure obstructing the collection of blood from the pulmonary vessels. The occurrence of this situation grows with the increasing time of waiting for OHT, and with the progression of heart failure.

The relationship between heavy metals and metabolic syndrome using machine learning.

Background: Exposure to high levels of heavy metals has been widely recognized as an important risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). The main purpose of this study is to assess the associations between the level of heavy metal exposure and Mets using machine learning (ML) method.

Methods: The data used in this study are from the national health and nutrition examination survey 2003-2018.

Comparison of chemotherapy and chidamide combined with chemotherapy in patients with untreated angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.

Background: Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is characterized by high recurrence rates and poor prognosis, and effective first-line treatment is lacking. Recently, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), such as chidamide, have been found to induce durable remissions in AITL patients.

Methods: Patients with untreated AITL from March 2015 to March 2023 were retrospectively collected and divided into chemotherapy (ChT) group and chidamide combined with chemotherapy (C-ChT) group based on the first-line treatment received.

Emerging therapies: Potential roles of SGLT2 inhibitors in the management of pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder that may involve multiple clinical conditions and may be associated with a variety of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH-LHD) currently lacks targeted therapies, while Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), despite approved treatments, carries considerable residual risk. Metabolic dysfunction has been linked to the pathogenesis and prognosis of PH through various studies, with emerging metabolic agents offering a potential avenue for improving patient outcomes.

Distinct experiences and care needs of advanced cancer patients with good ECOG performance status: a qualitative phenomenological study.

Background: Advanced cancer patients with good Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (score 0-1) are underrepresented in current qualitative reports compared with their dying counterparts.

Aim: To explore the experiences and care needs of advanced cancer patients with good ECOG.

Design: A qualitative phenomenological approach using semi-structured interview was employed.