The influence of intraoral cooling on taste and smell perception.

Background: Cryotherapy using ice chips has been successfully used to prevent chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Although effective, concerns have been raised that the low temperatures that are obtained in the oral mucosa during cooling may be potentially harmful to taste and smell perception. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether intraoral cooling permanently affects taste and smell perception.

Effect of multidrug solution for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis .

Objective: Evaluate the effect of a multidrug solution, adopted by a referral hospital for cancer to control and treat chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in rats.

Methods: Oral mucositis (OM) was induced by 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), and the animals were treated with saline (n = 8, G1), 0.12% chlorhexidine (n = 8, G2); and multidrug solution (n = 8, G3).

Probiotics in the Treatment of Radiotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

The inflammatory injury of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract, from the mouth to the anus, is called mucositis. One of the intriguing and compelling new therapeutic modalities that has emerged in recent decades due to advances in our understanding of this condition's pathophysiology is probiotics. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficiency of probiotics in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced mucositis for head and neck malignancies; a literature search was performed on PubMed, Lilacs, and Web of Science, and articles published from 2000 to 31 January 2023 were considered, according to the keywords entered.

The Effect of Metformin on Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicities in Non-diabetic Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomised Controlled Study.

Background And Objective: Breast cancer patients treated with adriamycin-cyclophosphamide plus paclitaxel (AC-T) are often challenged with serious adverse effects for which no effective therapies are available. Here, we investigated whether metformin, an antidiabetic drug with additional pleiotropic effects could favourably offset AC-T induced toxicities.

Patients And Methods: Seventy non-diabetic breast cancer patients were randomised to receive either AC-T (adriamycin 60 mg/m + cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m × 4 cycles Q21 days, followed by weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m × 12 cycles) alone or AC-T plus metformin (1700 mg/day).

Cryopreventive temperatures prior to chemotherapy.

The superiority of oral cryotherapy (OC) for prevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) has been demonstrated in several trials. In clinical settings, cooling is usually initiated prior to the chemotherapy infusion. It then continues during the infusion, and for a period after the infusion has been completed.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of β-Cryptoxanthin on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Cytokine Expression in Human Oral Mucosal Keratinocytes.

Oral mucositis is a typical adverse effect of chemotherapy, causing oral pain that significantly reduces the patient's quality of life. β-cryptoxanthin (β-cry) is a carotenoid abundant in citrus fruits with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the β-cry effect on oral mucositis remains unclear.

Induction chemotherapy in head and neck cancer - Boon or bane?

Introduction: Although concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care for inoperable locally advanced head and neck cancer, induction chemotherapy is considered an alternative approach by head and neck oncologists worldwide.

Aims: To evaluate the response to induction chemotherapy in terms of loco-regional control and treatment-related toxicity in inoperable locally advanced head and neck cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study was conducted on patients who received two to three cycles of induction chemotherapy.

Photobiomodulation for Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Patients.

Oral mucositis (OM) is a common side effect in patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT), especially in children due to their rapid epithelial mitotic rate. It has been associated with a significant reduction in life quality since it leads to pain, an inadequate intake of nutrients, an increased risk of opportunistic infections, and interruptions of CT. Photobiomodulation (PMB) with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has shown faster healing, reduction in pain, and the reduced use of analgesic compared to placebo groups.

Antiseptic efficacy of two mouth rinses in the oral cavity to identify a suitable rinsing solution in radiation- or chemotherapy induced mucositis.

Objectives: Oral mucositis caused by intensive cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy frequently results in pronounced damage of the oral mucosa leading to painful oral hygiene. To support oral care, antimicrobial effective mouth rinses may be used. Thus, the efficacy of a hypochlorite-based mouth rinse (Granudacyn®), assumed to be highly biocompatible because of the compounds being part of the natural pathogen defense, as possible antiseptic agent in case of oral mucositis was compared to that of an octenidine based antiseptic mouth rinse (Octenidol® md).

Characterization of Oral Microbiota Following Chemotherapy in Patients With Hematopoietic Malignancies.

Oral microbiota may be associated with serious local or systemic medical conditions resulting from chemotherapy. This study was conducted to evaluate the changes in the oral microbiota following the initiation of chemotherapy in patients with hematopoietic malignancies and to identify the characteristics of the oral microbiota associated with oral mucositis. Oral samples were collected from 57 patients with hematopoietic malignancies at 2 time points: before the start of chemotherapy and 8 to 20 days after the start of chemotherapy, when chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis often occurs, and 16S rRNA metagenomic analyses were performed.

Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Complications and Prophylaxis Strategies.

Cancer is currently a significant therapeutic challenge and is frequently connected with numerous adverse effects. Despite many improvements in chemotherapy, oral complications are common, leading to poor quality of life and chemotherapeutic dose reduction, which impair survival. This review summarizes the most common dental complications in patients receiving chemotherapy.

Characterization of a novel dual murine model of chemotherapy-induced oral and intestinal mucositis.

Oral and intestinal mucositis are debilitating inflammatory diseases observed in cancer patients undergoing chemo-radiotherapy. These are devastating clinical conditions which often lead to treatment disruption affecting underlying malignancy management. Although alimentary tract mucositis involves the entire gastrointestinal tract, oral and intestinal mucositis are often studied independently utilizing distinct organ-specific pre-clinical models.

Evaluating high power laser therapy (HPLT) as treatment for chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in paediatric patients with oncohematological diseases.

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most debilitating side effects of chemotherapy. Among the current methods used in OM management, the feasibility of high power laser therapy (HPLT) has been proposed but not fully evaluated.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of HPLT in the treatment of OM in paediatric patients.

A Rat Model for Oral Mucositis Induced by a Single Administration of 5-Fluorouracil.

Background/aim: This study aimed to develop a reliable chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (CIOM) rat model by intraperitoneally administering a single dosage of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combined with a chemical stimulus.

Materials And Methods: The 5-FU dosage for CIOM development was determined by the survival rate of rats administrated 160 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 240 mg/kg of 5-FU. Thirty rats were assigned to normal control (NC) and three experimental groups: i) ulcer formation without 5-FU administration (PBS/U+), ii) 5-FU administration without ulcer formation (5-FU/U-), and iii) ulcer formation after 5-FU administration (5-FU/U+).

A Quasi-experimental Study Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cryotherapy on Chemotherapy-induced Oral Mucositis Prevention at the Uganda Cancer Institute.

Introduction: Low-cost interventions such as cryotherapy are not routinely practiced in sub-Saharan Africa to prevent chemotherapeutic-induced oral mucositis. We investigated the feasibility and effect of cryotherapy on oral mucositis at the Uganda Cancer Institute.

Methods: This was a quasi-experimental nonequivalent research study design.

Fabrication, in Vitro, and in Vivo Characterization of Mucoadhesive Berberine-Loaded Blended Wafers for Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis.

This study aims to design and characterize berberine-loaded wafers for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Wafers were prepared by lyophilization of hydrogels of various ratios of chitosan (CS)/sodium alginate (SA) as well as CS/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). In vitro release, in vitro mucoadhesion, porosity, and swelling studies were conducted to select the optimized formulations.

Experimental Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis: A Scoping Review Guiding the Design of Suitable Preclinical Models.

Mucositis is a common and most debilitating complication associated with the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy. The condition affects the entire alimentary canal from the mouth to the anus and has a significant clinical and economic impact. Although oral and intestinal mucositis can occur concurrently in the same individual, these conditions are often studied independently using organ-specific models that do not mimic human disease.

Moderate temperature reduction is sufficient for prevention of 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis: an experimental in vivo study in rats.

Purpose: The current idea of how oral mucositis (OM) develops is primarily based on hypotheses and the early events which precede clinically established OM remain to be demonstrated. Cryotherapy (CT) continues to have considerable promise in clinical settings to reduce chemotherapy-induced OM. Although being effective, the knowledge is scarce regarding the ideal temperature for prevention of OM.

Effect of chewing gum on the management of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in children: Systematic review of experimental studies.

Objective: It was aimed to systematically synthesise the available literature on examining the effect of chewing gum in the management/reduction of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in children.

Methods: The PRISMA was followed for the systematic review. All published studies obtained from the relevant databases were examined while the research question and inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered.

Biobehavioral Influences of Stress and Inflammation on Mucositis in Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer: Results from a Pilot Study.

Chemotherapy-induced mucositis is a prevalent and burdensome toxicity among adolescent and young adults (AYAs) with cancer and impedes the delivery of optimal therapy. Its development is not well understood, but baseline stress and inflammation may be contributory factors. This pilot study evaluates stress and inflammation as risk factors for mucositis, identifies effect size estimates, and evaluates the feasibility of a prospective study to investigate mucositis development.

Wumei pills attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis through Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway and microbiota regulation.

Background: Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can kill tumor cells and improve the survival rate of cancer patients. However, they can also damage normal cells and cause serious intestinal toxicity, leading to gastrointestinal mucositis[1]. Traditional Chinese medicine is effective in improving the side effects of chemotherapy.

Photobiomodulation Treatment in Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis in Young Haematological Patients-A Pilot Study.

: One of the most debilitating side effects of chemotherapy is oral mucositis (OM). Photobiomodulation (PBM) demonstrates high efficacy in the management of OM. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of oral mucositis and evaluation of the effectiveness of PBM therapy.