The inter-laboratory validation study of EpiSensA for predicting skin sensitization potential.

The Epidermal Sensitization Assay (EpiSensA) is a reconstructed human epidermis (RhE)-based gene expression assay for predicting the skin sensitization potential of chemicals. Since the RhE model is covered by a stratified stratum corneum, various kinds of test chemicals, including lipophilic ones and pre-/pro-haptens, can be tested with a route of exposure akin to an in vivo assay and human exposure. This article presents the results of a formally managed validation study of the EpiSensA that was carried out by three participating laboratories.

[Transcriptomics-driven Evaluation on Liver Toxicity Using Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOP)].

Because the liver is the primary target organ for chemicals and pharmaceuticals, evaluation of these substances' liver toxicity is of critical importance. New evaluation methods without animal testing (i.e.

Proposal of GHS sub-categorization criteria for LLNA: BrdU-ELISA (OECD TG442B).

The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) is a hazard classification and communication system for providing information on the safe handling of chemicals worldwide. While the GHS provides sub-categorization criteria for sensitizers when using the guinea pig maximization test/Buehler test (OECD TG406) and the standard radioisotopic LLNA (OECD TG429), the sub-categorization criteria for LLNA: BrdU-ELISA (OECD TG442B) are not currently provided. In this study, we re-analyzed the existing data of 32 sensitizers classified in the 1A or 1B categories of the GHS, and attempted to determine optimal criteria for GHS sub-categorization using LLNA: BrdU-ELISA.

Kinetics and dissolution of intratracheally administered nickel oxide nanomaterials in rats.

Background: The toxicokinetics of nanomaterials are an important factor in toxicity, which may be affected by slow clearance and/or distribution in the body.

Methods: Four types of nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were single-administered intratracheally to male F344 rats at three doses of 0.67-6.

Comparison of the local pulmonary distribution of nanoparticles administered intratracheally to rats via gavage needle or microsprayer delivery devices.

Intratracheal administration methods are used to conduct toxicological assessments of inhaled nanoparticles (NPs), and gavage needles or microsprayers are common intratracheal delivery devices. The NP suspension is delivered in a liquid state via gavage needle and as a liquid aerosol via microsprayer. The differences in local pulmonary NP distribution (called the microdistribution) arising from the different states of the NP suspension cause differential pulmonary responses; however, this has yet to be investigated.

Comparison of outcomes obtained in murine local lymph node assays using CBA/J or CBA/Ca mice.

CBA/J and CBA/Ca mice are the recommended strains for local lymph node assays (LLNAs). Here, we report quantitative and qualitative comparisons between both mouse strains to provide useful information for the strain selection of sensitization testing. LLNA was conducted, in accordance with Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guideline No.

Pulmonary clearance kinetics and extrapulmonary translocation of seven titanium dioxide nano- and submicron materials following intratracheal administration in rats.

We evaluated and compared the pulmonary clearance kinetics and extrapulmonary translocations of seven titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano- and submicron particles with different characteristics, including size, shape and surface coating. Varying doses of TiO2 nano- and submicron particles dispersed in 0.2% disodium phosphate solution were intratracheally administered to male F344 rats.

Dose-dependent clearance kinetics of intratracheally administered titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rat lung.

AEROSIL(®) P25 titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles dispersed in 0.2% disodium phosphate solution were intratracheally administered to male F344 rats at doses of 0 (control), 0.375, 0.

Skin sensitization potency of isoeugenol and its dimers evaluated by a non-radioisotopic modification of the local lymph node assay and guinea pig maximization test.

Allergic contact dermatitis is the serious unwanted effect arising from the use of consumer products such as cosmetics. Isoeugenol is a fragrance chemical with spicy, carnation-like scent, is used in many kinds of cosmetics and is a well-known moderate human sensitizer. It was previously reported that the dimerization of eugenol yielded two types of dimer possessing different sensitization potencies.