Effects of thermal aging on the performance of ordinary and novel superhydrophobic and oleophobic ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent.

Powder-based fire extinguishing agents have become a kind of promising substitutes for halon extinguishing agents in civil aircrafts. However, their storage lifespan, significantly influenced by the thermal aging, emerges as a crucial yet overlooked aspect for aviation use. This study investigates the effects of thermal aging cycles on various parameters of ordinary dry powder extinguishing agent (ODPEA) and novel superhydrophobic and oleophobic ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent (SHOU DPEA), including surface microscopic morphology, D90 (the diameter at which 90% of the cumulative volume of particles are equal to or smaller than this value), chemical structure, hydrophobic and oleophobic angles, flowability, extinguishing time and effectiveness.

Experimental and computational approach on the corrosion inhibition properties of two newly pyrazole derivatives on carbon steel in acid medium.

In the current investigation, the efficiency inhibition of two newly synthesized bi-pyrazole derivatives, namely 2,3-bis[(bis((1 H-pyrazol-1-yl) methyl) amino)] pyridine (Tetra-Pz-Ortho) and 1,4-bis[(bis((1 H-pyrazol-1-yl) methyl) amino)] benzene (Tetra-Pz-Para) for corrosion of carbon steel (C&S) in 1 M HCl medium was evaluated. A Comparative study of inhibitor effect of Tetra-Pz-Ortho and Tetra-Pz-Para was conducted first using weight loss method and EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) and PDP (Potentiodynamic Polarisation) techniques. Tetra-Pz-Ortho and Tetra-Pz-Para had a maximum inhibition efficacy of 97.

Accurate Dehydrogenation Enthalpies Dataset for Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers.

This contribution presents a comprehensive extension of the QM9 dataset (originally at 133 K molecules) with the calculation of G4MP2 enthalpies for 9,841 molecules, featuring up to nine heavy atoms. We present QM9-LOHC, a (de)hydrogenation dataset of 10,373 reactions, including a minimum of 5.5% weight hydrogen storage capacity in line with the Department of Energy standards for Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC).

A Multidisciplinary Multimodal Aligned Dataset for Academic Data Processing.

Academic data processing is crucial in scientometrics and bibliometrics, such as research trending analysis and citation recommendation. Existing datasets in this domain have predominantly concentrated on textual data, overlooking the importance of visual elements. To bridge this gap, we introduce a multidisciplinary multimodal aligned dataset (MMAD) specifically designed for academic data processing.

AAV Capsid Modification and Its Influence on Viral Protein Stoichiometry and Packaging Fitness: Current Understandings and Future Direction.

The field of gene therapy has witnessed significant advancements in the utilization of Adeno-associated virus (AAV) owing to its inherent biological advantages. Targeted AAV vectors are generated through genetic or chemical modification of the capsid for user-directed purposes. However, this process can result in imbalances in viral protein sequence homogeneity, stoichiometry, and functional transduction vector units, thereby introducing new challenges.

Assessing plastic ingestion in the White stork (Ciconia ciconia) through regurgitated pellets.

Pollution is one of the main factors that threaten biodiversity nowadays. Plastic waste is a global problem which impacts not only on the marine environment but also on the terrestrial one. Great amounts of this kind of refuse are compiled in landfills, where lots of avian species feed.

Anticorrosion properties of ionic liquid functionalized graphene oxide epoxy composite coating on the carbon steel for CCUS environment.

The adoption of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is increasingly prevalent, driven by the global initiative to conserve energy and reduce emissions. Nevertheless, CCUS has the potential to induce corrosion in equipment, particularly in high-pressure environments containing carbon dioxide (CO). Therefore, anti-corrosion protection is necessary for the metal utilized for CO production and storage equipment.

H, N, C backbone resonance assignment of human Alkbh7.

The Alkbh7 protein, a member of the Alkylation B (AlkB) family of dioxygenases, plays a crucial role in epigenetic regulation of cellular metabolism. This paper focuses on the NMR backbone resonance assignment of Alkbh7, a fundamental step in understanding its three-dimensional structure and dynamic behavior at the atomic level. Herein, we report the backbone H, N, C chemical shift assignment of the full-length human Alkbh7.

Alien toxic toads suppress individual growth and phenotypic development of native predatory salamanders.

Alien species can influence populations of native species through individual-level effects such as predation, competition, and poisoning. For alien species that possess strong defensive chemicals, poisoning is one of the most powerful mechanisms of individual-level effects on native biota. Although toxic alien species could potentially negatively affect survival (lethal effects) or life history traits (sub-lethal effects) of native predators via poisoning, previous studies have mainly focused on acute lethal effects.

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Shaping Immune Responses in Tephritidae Fruit Fly and Prospective Implications for Management.

The interaction of microbial communities with host immunity has become one of the most explored research areas with significant implications for pest control strategies. It has been found that the gut microbiota plays substantial roles in immune response regulation and host-gut microbiome symbiosis, as well as in pathogen resistance and overall fitness in Tephritidae fruit flies that are major pests of agricultural importance. In this review, we discuss the modulation of immune responses of Tephritidae fruit flies by the gut microbiota with particular emphasis on the general interactions between microbiota and the immune system.

Four Neurotoxic Insecticides Impair Partner and Host Finding in the Parasitoid Leptopilina heterotoma and Bioactive Doses Can Be Taken up Via the Host.

In modern agriculture, control of insect pests is achieved by using insecticides that can also have lethal and sublethal effects on beneficial non-target organisms. Here, we investigate acute toxicity and sublethal effects of four insecticides on the males' sex pheromone response and the female host finding ability of the Drosophila parasitoid Leptopilina heterotoma. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists acetamiprid, flupyradifurone and sulfoxaflor, as well as the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor dimethoate were applied topically as acetone solutions.

Chemical- and photo-activation of protein-protein thiol-ene coupling for protein profiling.

The thiol-ene reaction between an alkene and a thiol can be exploited for selective labelling of cysteine residues in protein profiling applications. Here, we explore thiol-ene activation in systems from chemical models to complex cellular milieus, using UV, visible wavelength and redox initiators. Initial studies in chemical models required an oxygen-free environment for efficient coupling and showed very poor activation when using a redox initiator.

Confinement-induced Ni-based MOF formed on TiCT MXene support for enhanced capacitive deionization of chromium(VI).

MXenes, as a novel two-dimensional lamellar material, has attracted much attention. However, MXenes lamellar are prone to collapse and stacking under hydrogen bonding and interlayer van der Waals forces, which affects their electrochemical and capacitive deionization performance. A three-dimensional Ni-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate/TiCT (Ni-BTC/TiCT) composite electrode material was developed to enhance the electrochemical and capacitive deionization performance.

Methanol transfer supports metabolic syntrophy between bacteria and archaea.

In subsurface methanogenic ecosystems, the ubiquity of methylated-compound-using archaea-methylotrophic methanogens-implies that methylated compounds have an important role in the ecology and carbon cycling of such habitats. However, the origin of these chemicals remains unclear as there are no known energy metabolisms that generate methylated compounds de novo as a major product. Here we identified an energy metabolism in the subsurface-derived thermophilic anaerobe Zhaonella formicivorans that catalyses the conversion of formate to methanol, thereby producing methanol without requiring methylated compounds as an input.

C-terminal amides mark proteins for degradation via SCF-FBXO31.

During normal cellular homeostasis, unfolded and mislocalized proteins are recognized and removed, preventing the build-up of toxic byproducts. When protein homeostasis is perturbed during ageing, neurodegeneration or cellular stress, proteins can accumulate several forms of chemical damage through reactive metabolites. Such modifications have been proposed to trigger the selective removal of chemically marked proteins; however, identifying modifications that are sufficient to induce protein degradation has remained challenging.

Copper-dependent halogenase catalyses unactivated C-H bond functionalization.

Carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds are the foundation of essentially every organic molecule, making them an ideal place to do chemical synthesis. The key challenge is achieving selectivity for one particular C(sp)-H bond. In recent years, metalloenzymes have been found to perform C(sp)-H bond functionalization.

Non-fullerene acceptors with high crystallinity and photoluminescence quantum yield enable >20% efficiency organic solar cells.

The rational design of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with both high crystallinity and photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is of crucial importance for achieving high-efficiency and low-energy-loss organic solar cells (OSCs). However, increasing the crystallinity of an NFA tends to decrease its PLQY, which results in a high non-radiative energy loss in OSCs. Here we demonstrate that the crystallinity and PLQY of NFAs can be fine-tuned by asymmetrically adapting the branching position of alkyl chains on the thiophene unit of the L8-BO acceptor.

fragSMILES as a chemical string notation for advanced fragment and chirality representation.

Generative models have revolutionized de novo drug design, allowing to produce molecules on-demand with desired physicochemical and pharmacological properties. String based molecular representations, such as SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System) and SELFIES (Self-Referencing Embedded Strings), have played a pivotal role in the success of generative approaches, thanks to their capacity to encode atom- and bond- information and ease-of-generation. However, such 'atom-level' string representations could have certain limitations, in terms of capturing information on chirality, and synthetic accessibility of the corresponding designs.

Influence of interface sawtooth angle on the shear behavior of cement mortar coal composite structure.

The influence of interface morphology is of great importance on the shear behavior of the cement mortar-coal composite structure (CCCS) widely distributed in underground mines. In the present research, both the macroscopic- and microscopic failure characteristics of the CCCS with variable interface sawtooth angles (i.e.

East Asian expatriate football players and national team success: Chinese, Japanese, and South Korean players in Europe (2000-2024).

This study investigated the influence of Chinese, Japanese, and South Korean football players' participation in European leagues on their national teams' FIFA rankings from 2000 to 2024. Utilizing data from 22,972 matches featuring 392 players across 36 European leagues and 12 tournaments or cup competitions, survival and conditional process analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between expatriate player counts, appearances, playing time, and FIFA rankings. The results demonstrated a significant correlation between the number of expatriate players, particularly in top-tier leagues, and national team rankings.

Microbe-assisted fabrication of circularly polarized luminescent bacterial cellulosic hybrids.

The fabrications of circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) material are mainly based on the chemical and physical strategies. Controlled biosynthesis of CPL-active materials is beset with difficulties due to the lack of bioactive luminescent precursors and bio-reactors. Enlighted by microbe-assisted asymmetric biosynthesis, herein, we show the in situ bacterial fermentation of Komagataeibacter sucrofermentants to fabricate a series of bacterial cellulosic biofilms with CPL of green, orange, red, and near-infrared colors.

A reagent to access methyl sulfones.

A chemical reagent to access methyl sulfones has been developed. Its reaction with various bis-nucleophiles leads to the rapid formation of previously unknown heteroaromatic methyl sulfones. Analogous strategy can also be used to construct alkyl-, CHF-, CF- and even bicyclo[1.

Electrochemical Denitrative Cyclization Driven by Alternating Polarity.

Alternating current electrolysis has emerged as a promising technique for addressing challenging redox reactions that are otherwise difficult or impossible for direct current electrolysis. Under mild and transition-metal-free reaction conditions, a general electrochemical denitrative cyclization of nitroarenes was developed to access various cyclic sulfone-containing derivatives of biological significance. The key to success lies in the facile manipulation of multiple redox events upon rapid alternating polarity switching to enhance the selectivity and efficiency.

Transformation of Distinct Superatoms to Superalkalis by Successive Ligation of Thymine Nucleobases.

The ligation strategy has been widely used in the chemical synthesis of atomically precise clusters. A series of thymine (T)-ligated Al-T ( = Be, Al, C; = 1-5) complexes have been studied to reveal the effect of DNA nucleobase ligands on the electronic structures of different superatoms in the present work. In addition to its protective role, the successive attachment of thymine ligands significantly lowers the adiabatic ionization energies (AIEs) of the studied Al superatoms with filled and unfilled electronic shells.

Polycotton waste textile recycling by sequential hydrolysis and glycolysis.

As a result of the current high throughput of the fast fashion collections and the concomitant decrease in product lifetime, we are facing enormous amounts of textile waste. Since textiles are often a blend of multiple fibers (predominantly cotton and polyester) and contain various different components, proper waste management and recycling are challenging. Here, we describe a high-yield process for the sequential chemical recycling of cotton and polyester from mixed waste textiles.