Efficacy of Topical 0.05% Cyclosporine A for Ocular Surface Disease Related to Topical Anti-Glaucoma Medications.

We aimed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of 0.05% topical cyclosporine A (CsA) for chronic ocular surface disease (OSD) in patients using benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-preserved antiglaucoma eye drops. A prospective, randomized, paired-eye, controlled clinical trial was conducted with participants who had been instilling at least one BAK-preserved topical antiglaucoma drug in both eyes for at least 6 months.

Comparison of Vision-related Quality of Life Between Normal Tension Glaucoma and Primary Open-angle Glaucoma.

Prcis: Although there was little difference in overall vision-related quality of life (VRQOL) between patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) after controlling for confounding factors, POAG tended to have poorer VRQOL, especially in social functioning and dependency, than NTG.

Purpose: The fundamental goal of treatment of patients with glaucoma is to preserve their VRQOL. The aim of this study was to compare VRQOL between patients with NTG and those with POAG.

Effect of Minoxidil on Trabecular Outflow via the Paracellular Pathway.

Purpose: To investigate the pathway and effects of minoxidil on trabecular outflow in cultured human trabecular meshwork (TM) cells.

Methods: After exposing primarily cultured TM cells to 0, 10, 50, or 100 μM minoxidil sulfate (MS), trabecular outflow was assessed by measuring TM cell monolayer permeability to carboxyfluorescein and transepithelial electrical resistance. To assess the pathway of permeability changes, caveolin-1, occludin, and claudin-5 levels were measured via western blot.

The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Angiogenin in an Endotoxin Induced Uveitis in Rats.

Angiogenin (ANG) is involved in the innate immune system and inflammatory disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of ANG in an endotoxin induced uveitis (EIU) rat model and the pathways involved. EIU rats were treated with balanced salt solution (BSS), a non-functional mutant ANG (mANG), or wild-type ANG (ANG).

Transplantation of autologous perichondrium with amniotic membrane for progressive scleral necrosis.

Purpose: Scleral necrosis with severe ischemia is refractory to conventional treatment because of avascular progressive necrosis. We assessed the therapeutic efficacy and safety of autologous perichondrium transplantation in patients with progressive scleral necrosis (PSN) and analyzed the clinical effects.

Methods: This study was a prospective, interventional, and noncomparative case series.

Vision-related quality of life according to location of visual field loss in patients with glaucoma.

Purpose: To assess influence of the location of visual field (VF) loss on vision-related quality of life (VRQOL) in patients with glaucoma.

Methods: We included 826 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) enrolled in the prospectively designed Life Quality of Glaucoma Patients Who Underwent Treatment (LIGHT) study organized by the Korean Glaucoma Society. We divided the integrated binocular visual field (IVF) into four regions and evaluated the associations between Rasch-analysed 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) and location of the IVF using univariate and hierarchical multivariable linear regression.

Changes in refractive error and axial length after horizontal muscle surgery for strabismus.

Purpose: To investigate changes in refractive error following horizontal muscle surgery and to analyze the relationship between these changes and axial length.

Methods: Patients with intermittent exotropia who underwent bilateral lateral rectus recession (LR group) or unilateral lateral rectus recession with medial rectus resection (RR group) were investigated prospectively. The patients were followed for at least 3 months postoperatively; refractive error, axial length, mean corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber depth, corneal thickness, and intraocular pressure were evaluated at each examination.

Effects of botulinum toxin type A on the treatment of dry eye disease and tear cytokines.

Purpose: To determine the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection on dry eye signs, symptoms, and tear cytokine levels in patients with intractable dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: In this prospective study, patients with intractable DED were randomized to a BTX-A (group A) or control group (group B). Patients were injected with BTX-A or normal saline in the medial part of the upper and lower eyelids.

Factors influencing vision-related quality of life according to glaucoma severity.

Purpose: To identify factors influencing vision-related quality of life (VRQOL) according to glaucoma severity.

Methods: A total of 901 patients with varying stages of glaucoma were recruited from the prospectively designed LIGHT (Life Quality of Glaucoma Patients Who Underwent Treatment) study organized by the Korean Glaucoma Society. Participants completed a basic questionnaire collecting socioeconomic status and clinical information, in addition to the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25).

Ex Vivo Functionality of 3D Bioprinted Corneal Endothelium Engineered with Ribonuclease 5-Overexpressing Human Corneal Endothelial Cells.

Human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) are scarcely proliferative in vivo. The cultured HCECs engineered to overexpress ribonuclease (RNase) 5 (R5-HCECs) are prepared after transient transfection with RNase 5 plasmid vector. As candidate targets of R5-HCECs for enhancement of cellular proliferation and survival of R5-HCECs, programmed cell death protein 4 is inhibited, and cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 are activated.

Efficacy and Safety of a Large Conjunctival Autograft for Recurrent Pterygium.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pterygium excision using a large conjunctival autograft for the treatment of recurrent pterygium.

Methods: The medical records of 120 patients (126 eyes) with recurrent pterygium were reviewed. For each affected eye, pterygium excision with a large conjunctival autograft was performed.

Long-term efficacy and safety of ExPress implantation for treatment of open angle glaucoma.

Aim: To compare the long-term efficacy and safety of ExPress implantation and standard trabeculectomy in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: In this retrospective study, we compared 17 eyes treated by ExPress implantation with 23 eyes treated by trabeculectomy. Efficacy was assessed according to the relevant intraocular pressure (IOP) values and success rates during the first year of follow-up.

The neuroprotective effect of staurosporine on mouse retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve injury.

This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective properity of staurosporine (STS) and identify the neuroprotective mechanism of staurosporine in mouse retina ganglion cell after optic nerve injured. Mice (C57BL/6) were anaesthetised with a mixture of 5 mg/kg xylazine hydrochloride and 40 mg/kg tiletamine/zolazepam (Zoletil®). Optic nerves of the mice were crushed (Templeton JP et al.

Clinical Analysis of Ocular Parameters Contributing to Intraoperative Pain during Standard Phacoemulsification.

. To study the correlation between ocular parameters and subjective pain that patients perceived during phacoemulsification. .

Choroidal Thickness Variation According to Refractive Error Measured by Spectral Domain-optical Coherence Tomography in Korean Children.

Purpose: To assess choroidal thickness (CT) variation according to refractive errors using enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography.

Methods: Eighty-nine eyes (in 89 children) <±6 diopter were categorized into three groups: hyperopia, emmetropia, and myopia, according to refractive error, and underwent choroidal scans using enhanced-depth imaging-optical coherence tomography. CT was measured at the fovea and at 1 mm and 3 mm nasal (N1 and N3), temporal (T1 and T3), superior (S1 and S3), and inferior (I1 and I3) from the fovea.

Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness according to myopia and optic disc area: a quantitative and three-dimensional analysis.

Background: To determine the influences of myopia and optic disc size on ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness profiles obtained by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: One hundred and sixty-eight eyes of 168 young myopic subjects were recruited and assigned to one of three groups according to their spherical equivalent (SE) values and optic disc area. All underwent Cirrus HD-OCT imaging.

Inhibition of Pterygium Fibroblast Migration and Outgrowth by Bevacizumab and Cyclosporine A Involves Down-Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinases-3 and -13.

We examined the connection between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression/activity and pterygium fibroblast migration, and how these were affected by bevacizumab and/or cyclosporine A (CsA). Fibroblasts were obtained from 20 pterygia and 6 normal conjunctival specimens. Expression levels of MMP-3 and MMP-13 were examined after bevacizumab administration.

Cyclosporine A inhibits TGF-β2-induced myofibroblasts of primary cultured human pterygium fibroblasts.

Cyclosporine A (CsA), an immunomodulatory drug, and is increasingly used to treat moderate dry eye syndrome and ocular surface inflammation. However, any inhibitory effect on differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts remains unclear. Here, we show that the inhibitory effect of CsA on transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-β2)-induced myofibroblasts in primary cultured human pterygium fibroblasts.

Vision-related Quality of Life in Korean Glaucoma Patients.

Purpose Of The Study: The purpose of the study was to evaluate vision-related quality of life in Korean glaucoma patients and to explore the associated factors.

Methods: A total of 907 glaucoma patients were recruited from the prospectively designed LIGHT (Life quality of the glaucoma patient who underwent treatment) study organized by the Korean Glaucoma Society. Basic questionnaire that included items related to socioeconomic status, comorbidity, and lifestyle, and the validated Korean version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) were collected.

Factors affecting refractive outcome after cataract surgery in primary angle-closure glaucoma.

Background: To evaluate the biometric factors associated with the accuracy of intraocular lens power predictions for cataract surgery in primary angle-closure (PAC) or primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes.

Design: Cross-sectional study PARTICIPANTS: This study included 103 PAC or PACG patients who had undergone cataract surgery.

Methods: All participants underwent anterior-segment optical coherence tomography preoperatively.

Autologous Platelet-rich Plasma Eye Drops in the Treatment of Recurrent Corneal Erosions.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) eye drops in the treatment of recurrent corneal erosions (RCE).

Methods: A total of 47 eyes were included in this retrospective study. Clinical records of 20 consecutive patients with RCE who had been treated with conventional lubricant eye drops (conventional treatment group) from June 2006 to December 2008 and 27 consecutive patients treated with autologous PRP eye drops in addition to lubricant eye drops (PRP eye drops treated group) from January 2009 to September 2014 were reviewed.

Transplantation of Neuro2a Cells into the Developing Postnatal Mouse Eye.

The present study aimed to investigate the influence of the host retinal microenvironment on cell migration and differentiation using Neuro2a (N2a) cells transduced with green fluorescent protein. N2a cells were transplanted into the vitreous cavities of developing mouse eyes (C57BL/6) on postnatal days 1, 5, and 10 (P1, 5, and 10). To analyze the effects of the host microenvironment on neural differentiation of N2a cells in vitro, cells were treated with a conditioned medium (CM) collected from retinal cells cultured at each developmental stage.

An Overview of Ophthalmologic Survey Methodology in the 2008-2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a national program designed to assess the health and nutritional status of the noninstitutionalized population of South Korea. The KNHANES was initiated in 1998 and has been conducted annually since 2007. Starting in the latter half of 2008, ophthalmologic examinations were included in the survey in order to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of common eye diseases such as visual impairment, refractive errors, strabismus, blepharoptosis, cataract, pterygium, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, dry eye disease, and color vision deficiency.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Fluorometholone With and Without Benzalkonium Chloride in Ocular Surface Disease.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity and antiinflammatory effect of preserved and unpreserved 0.1% fluorometholone (FML).

Methods: Drug-induced morphological changes and cytotoxicity were examined in human corneal epithelial cells.