Mechanism of Atractylenolide Ⅲ alleviating pyrotinib-induced diarrhea by regulating AMPK/CFTR pathway through metabolite of gut microbiota.

Atractylenolide III, a sesquiterpene extracted from the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala (Asteraceae), exhibits pharmacological effects, including improvement of gastrointestinal function, regulation of immune function, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Pyrotinib, a representative TKI originally developed in China, is classified as a Class 1.1 novel drug, exhibits superior efficacy compared to similar drugs.

The Interaction Between Family Functioning and the rs9540720 Polymorphism on Major Depressive Disorder in Chinese Freshmen.

Objective: Unhealthy family functioning and Protocadherin 9 () have been recognized as potential environmental and genetic risk factors for major depressive disorder (MDD). This study examined the effects of the interaction between and family functioning on MDD in first-year university students.

Methods: A cohort of 6985 first-year university students in China was established in 2018 and was followed for one year.

SDCCAG3 inhibits adipocyte hypertrophy and improves obesity-related metabolic disorders via SDCCAG3/SMURF1/PPARγ axis.

Obesity is a prevalent global disease associated with various metabolic disorders. The expansion of white adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in regulating obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions. This study identified serum-defined colon cancer antigen 3 (SDCCAG3) as a novel key modulator of adipocyte metabolism.

Effects and interaction of humidex and air pollution on influenza: A national analysis of 319 cities in mainland China.

Influenza imposes a significant global health burden. This study investigates the effects of humidex and air pollution on influenza and their interactions, using multi-city surveillance data in China. Daily data on reported influenza cases, meteorological factors and air pollution from 319 cities in mainland China over the study period of 2014-2019 were collected.

Quercetagetin alleviates inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and collagen antibody-induced arthritis via Nrf2 signaling and Pten/AKT/Nfatc1 axis.

Purpose: Quercetagetin, a flavonoid derived from the natural herb Flos eriocauli, is used in traditional Chinese medicine for its fire-purging (anti-inflammation) and wind-expelling (pain-alleviating) properties. However, its potential effects concerning rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain underexplored. This study was designed to elucidate the potential associations between Quercetagetin and RA, establishing the therapeutic potential of Quercetagetin and related mechanisms in RA treatment.

SLAMF7-expressing B cells as crucial mediators in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease.

The regulatory factors involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) (RA-ILD) remain unknown. Due to the cross-sectional nature of our study, our aim was to explore the role of the signalling lymphocytic activation molecule family (SLAMF) in RA-ILD by analysing synovial and lung samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus, animal models, and clinical samples.We collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients for flow cytometry analysis of B cells, SLAMF1 protein, and SLAMF7 protein.

Role of the admission muscle injury indicators in early coagulopathy, inflammation and acute kidney injury in patients with severe multiple injuries.

Backgrounds: Coagulopathy, inflammation and organ failure are common complications in trauma patients. This study aimed to explore the possible role of muscle injury indicators in early coagulopathy, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with severe multiple trauma.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using trauma center patient data from 2020 to 2023.

Role of GPX3+ astrocytes in breast cancer brain metastasis activated by circulating tumor cell exosomes.

Brain metastasis from breast cancer (BMBC) contributes significantly to mortality, yet its mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates the activation of GPX3+ astrocytes by circulating tumor cell (CTC)-derived exosomes in the metastatic process. Using a mouse model of BMBC, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and metabolomics to explore the role of GPX3+ astrocytes in the brain microenvironment.

Parvimonas micra promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis through TmpC-CKAP4 axis.

Parvimonas micra (P. micra), an opportunistic oral pathogen associated with multiple cancers, has limited research on its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study shows that P.

The Impact of Radiation Dose to Immune Cells in Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Era of Immunotherapy.

Purpose: Thoracic radiotherapy (RT) is now widely used in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as palliative, consolidative or radical therapy. However, RT adversely impacts the immune system, which can be evaluated by calculating the estimated dose of radiation to immune cells (EDRIC). We evaluated the prognostic impact of the EDRIC in patients with advanced NSCLC who received immunotherapy and thoracic RT.

Performance of the EQ-5D-5L with skin irritation and self-confidence bolt-on items in patients with urticaria.

Objectives: This study aimed to validate the EQ-5D-5L with the addition of skin irritation and self-confidence bolt-on items in Chinese patients with urticaria.

Methods: The skin irritation and self-confidence bolt-on items were translated into Simplified Chinese and cognitively debriefed. A cross-sectional survey was subsequently conducted among patients diagnosed with urticaria in Guangdong Province, China.

ENTR1 regulates periodontitis by modulating macrophage M1 polarization via AMPK activation.

Aims: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder arising from an imbalance between oral microbiota and the host's immune response, with macrophages as pivotal targets for prevention and treatment. Endosome-associated Trafficking Regulator 1 (ENTR1) is indispensable for protein trafficking and implant osseointegration. However, its specific role in periodontitis has yet to be clarified.

The Influence of Malnutrition-Sarcopenia Syndrome on Chorioretinal Microvasculature Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To probe into the effects of malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome on the changes of retinal and choroidal microvasculature.

Methods: To achieve our goals, we employed optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), a cutting-edge non-invasive imaging technique, to compare retinal and choroidal parameters in a controlled setting. A total of 22 participants diagnosed with Malnutrition-Sarcopenia Syndrome were enrolled alongside 22 healthy subjects matched for age and gender as controls.

Multifunctional nanoparticle-mediated targeting of metabolic reprogramming and DNA damage response pathways to treat drug-resistant triple-negative breast cancer.

Multi-drug resistance and immunosuppressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is triggered by the Warburg effect, which promotes homologous recombination repair (HRR) and upregulates expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), in turn preventing DNA damage from chemotherapy and creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. It is therefore of clinical relevance to develop an effective delivery system that targets metabolic reprogramming and DNA damage response pathways for the treatment of drug-resistant TNBC. Herein, a P-gp-inhibiting and GSH-responsive multifunctional drug carrier targeting integrin αvβ3 was synthesised for the delivery of Lonidamine-prodrug (M1, glycolysis inhibitor) and Senaparib (Se, Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase inhibitor).

Choline metabolism in ischemic stroke: An underappreciated "two-edged sword".

Ischemic stroke (IS) is an important cause of death and disability worldwide, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In this context, choline metabolism plays an increasingly important role in IS due to its multifaceted mechanisms involving neuroprotection, neuroregeneration, inflammatory response, immune regulation, and long-term health effects. With the deepening of the research on choline and its metabolites, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), scientists have gradually realized its key role in the occurrence, development and potential treatment of IS.

Deciphering immune predictors of immunotherapy response: A multiomics approach at the pan-cancer level.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has transformed cancer treatment, yet many patients fail to respond. Employing single-cell multiomics, we unveil T cell dynamics influencing ICB response across 480 pan-cancer and 27 normal tissue samples. We identify four immunotherapy response-associated T cells (IRATs) linked to responsiveness or resistance and analyze their pseudotemporal patterns, regulatory mechanisms, and T cell receptor clonal expansion profiles specific to each response.

Hydrogen generators-protected mesenchymal stem cells reverse articular redox imbalance-induced immune dysfunction for osteoarthritis treatment.

Stem cell therapy has revolutionized the management of osteoarthritis (OA), but the articular dysregulated redox status diminishes cell engraftment efficiency and disrupts immune homeostasis, therefore compromising the overall therapeutic efficacy. Here, we present hydrogen (H) generators-backpacked mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which preserve the biological functions and survival of transplanted cells and reverse articular immune dysfunction, mitigating OA. Specifically, post systemic transplantation, H generators-laden MSCs home to OA joints, and upon stimulation in acidic OA environment, H produced from the generators remodels articular redox balance, thereby relieving the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, decreasing cell apoptosis rate, and maintaining pluripotent and paracrine functions of MSCs.

Conjugation with the XJB peptide enhanced neuroprotective effect of honokiol via SIRT3 modulation.

Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular processes such as growth, differentiation, and energy conversion. Dysfunctional mitochondria have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), making mitochondrial improvement a promising therapeutic approach. SIRT3, a mitochondrial deacetylase, modulates mitochondrial function by deacetylating associated proteins.

Molecular evolution and geographic migration of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in Asia.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a recently identified tick-borne virus that has emerged in the twenty-first century. Its primary clinical manifestations include fever and thrombocytopenia, and its high morbidity and mortality rates have garnered significant attention. It is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the spatial and temporal characteristics of SFTSV migration in order to prevent and control this disease.

Interaction between pristine nC and bovine serum albumin by fluorimetry: assessment of inner filter effect corrections.

Introduction: Fluorescence spectrometry is widely used to investigate nanomaterial-protein interactions, a crucial component of nanomaterial safety evaluation. However, the inner filter effect (IFE) significantly distorts fluorescence data during the analysis of fullerene (nC) -protein interactions. Systematic correction methods for this system are rarely reported.

Low-temperature cold plasma promotes wound healing by inhibiting skin inflammation and improving skin microbiome.

Wound healing includes four consecutive and overlapping stages of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Factors such as aging, infection, and chronic diseases can lead to chronic wounds and delayed healing. Low-temperature cold plasma (LTCP) is an emerging physical therapy for wound healing, characterized by its safety, environmental friendliness, and ease of operation.

Enhancing autophagy mitigates LPS-induced neuroinflammation by inhibiting microglial M1 polarization and neuronophagocytosis.

Background: Autophagy, a regulator of inflammation, has been implicated in various central nervous system pathologies. Despite this, the role and mechanisms of autophagy in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation are not clear. This study investigated whether autophagy can play a neuroprotective role in LPS-induced neuroinflammation.

Anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor 2 encephalitis with olfactory hallucination: a case report and literature review.

Anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disease divided into two subtypes, anti-AMPAR1 encephalitis and anti-AMPAR2 encephalitis, depending on the presence of autoantibodies targeting the GluR1 and GluR2 subunits of the AMPA receptor. The main manifestations are limbic encephalitis, including cognitive impairment, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms. The reported cases of anti-AMPAR encephalitis have grown; however, no research has yet described the clinical characteristics of each subtype.

ED-71 ameliorates OVX-induced osteoporosis by regulating calcium homeostasis and SIRT1-mediated mitochondrial function, alleviating osteoblast senescence and suppressing osteoclastogenesis.

Osteoporosis arising from estrogen deficiency is characterized by oxidative stress and cellular senescence accompanied by calcium loss and disrupted bone metabolism. The paracrine interaction between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, along with the ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) to osteoprotegerin (OPG), play a pivotal role in maintaining bone homeostasis. Eldecalcitol (ED-71), a novel active form of vitamin D, can reduce the ratio of RANKL to OPG in osteoblasts.