Problem-Based Learning-Standardized Preoperative Conversation Improves Neurosurgery Residents' Understanding of Cerebellopontine Angle Tumors.

This study aims to explore the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) and prescription-based preoperative talk (PPT) teaching methods in the teaching of tumors in cerebellopontine angle (CPA) of clinical neurosurgery residents.One hundred-thirty neurosurgery residents working in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from September 2021 to June 2024 were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group adopted the combination of PBL and PPT, referred to as PPP.

Janus Membrane-Based Wearable Dual-Channel SERS Sensor for Sweat Collection and Monitoring of Lactic Acid and pH Levels.

Sweat, as a metabolic byproduct, encompasses a diverse array of molecular information pertinent to our physiological states and overall health. The extraction of minute quantities of sweat, coupled with sensitive monitoring and identification of its internal molecular components, constitutes an effective strategy for assessing bodily conditions. We engineer a Janus membrane utilizing electrospinning techniques for application on human skin to facilitate sweat collection.

Can some algorithms of machine learning identify osteoporosis patients after training and testing some clinical information about patients?

Objective: This study was designed to establish a diagnostic model for osteoporosis by collecting clinical information from patients with and without osteoporosis. Various machine learning algorithms were employed for training and testing the model, evaluating its performance, and conducting validations to explore the most suitable machine learning algorithm.

Methods: Clinical information, including demographic data, examination results, medical history, and laboratory test results, was collected from inpatients with and without osteoporosis.

The relationship between VAI, LAP, and depression and the mediation role of sleep duration-evidence from NHANES 2005-2020.

Background: The relationship between obesity and mental health has attracted attention. However, large sample studies on the relationship between visceral fat obesity and depression are lacking. This study aimed to explore the relationship between visceral fat obesity and depression by using visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP).

Geographic variations and determinants of ever-tested for HIV among women aged 15-49 in Sierra Leone: a spatial and multi-level analysis.

Background: HIV testing among women in sub-Saharan Africa varies widely, with Sierra Leone having lower rates than other countries. This study explores geographic variations and determinants of HIV testing among women aged 15-49 in Sierra Leone.

Method: The study utilized data from the 2008, 2013, and 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic Health Surveys, comprising 39,606 women aged 15-49.

Association between physical activity, trouble sleeping, and obesity among older Americans: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES data from 2007 to 2018.

Background: As the global population ages, obesity among older adults has become an increasing public health concern. Lifestyle factors, including physical activity (PA) and sleep, play a critical role in obesity prevention. These behaviors occur within a 24-hour cycle, yet research on the impact of different PA patterns, trouble sleeping, and their combination on obesity in older adults remains limited.

CYP2A6 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma via inhibiting SRC/Wnt/β-Catenin pathway.

Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at advanced stages face limited treatment options, highlighting the urgent need for more effective early detection methods and advanced therapeutic modalities. Emerging evidence shows that multiple CYP450 proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A5 have been shown to modulate important signaling pathways, hereby inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells.

Mitochondrial respiratory complex IV deficiency recapitulates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is categorized into ~10% familial and ~90% sporadic cases. While familial ALS is caused by mutations in many genes of diverse functions, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of ALS, especially in sporadic ALS (sALS), are largely unknown. Notably, about half of the cases with sALS showed defects in mitochondrial respiratory complex IV (CIV).

Targeted long-read sequencing enables higher diagnostic yield of ADPKD by accurate PKD1 genetic analysis.

Genetic diagnosis of ADPKD has been challenging due to the variant heterogeneity, presence of duplicated segments, and high GC content of exon 1 in PKD1. In our reproductive center, 40 patients were still genetically undiagnosed or diagnosed without single-nucleotide resolution after testing with a short-read sequencing panel in 312 patients with ADPKD phenotype. A combination of long-range PCR and long-read sequencing approach for PKD1 was performed on these 40 patients.

Effects of orelabrutinib, a BTK inhibitor, on antibody-mediated platelet destruction in primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a haemorrhagic disorder with a complex pathogenesis, wherein autoreactive B-cell-mediated platelet destruction plays a crucial role. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is widely expressed and essential for immune cells. Several BTK inhibitors have been used clinically to treat haematological malignancies, while few studies are focusing on the regulatory role of BTK in ITP.

Chemical Probe-Enabled Lipid Droplet Proteomics.

Emerging evidence indicates that lipid droplets (LDs) play important roles in lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, and cell stress management. Notably, dysregulation of LDs is tightly linked to numerous diseases, including lipodystrophies, cancer, obesity, atherosclerosis, and others. The pivotal physiological roles of LDs have led to an exploration of research in recent years.

A two-transcript classifier model for assessing disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis: A discovery and validation study.

Aims: We aimed to develop and validate classifier models to assess disease activity in UC patients by evaluating potential classifier genes expression levels.

Methods: The study comprised UC and healthy control participants undergoing colonoscopy. We screened candidate genes (TGF-β1, CEACAM1 and CD177) using Differentially Expressed Genes.

A lipid droplet-targeted probe for imaging of lipid metabolism disorders during mitochondrial myopathy.

Lipid metabolism is closely related to various biological processes in cells. The accumulation of Lipid droplets (LDs) is a typical manifestation of certain metabolic diseases, such as mitochondrial myopathy, which shows a significant increase in LDs. The accumulation of LDs can exacerbate the progression of disease, and lysosomes selectively degrade LDs to cope with this phenomenon.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel PROTACs compounds with good ERα degradation ability.

A series of ER-PROTACs compounds were designed, synthesized and tested for their ability to degrade estrogen receptor proteins and exhibit Human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) inhibition activity. Molecular docking simulations were performed using Discovery studio. Among these compounds, QDE-003-W had the highest estrogen receptor protein degradation ability and cellular activity, with a DC value of 95 nM, for estrogen receptor protein degradation and an IC value of 30.

Development and evaluation of the digital PCR-based method for clinical monitoring of viral loads during severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection.

Background: Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) represents a novel bunyavirus that poses significant public health challenges. As a key prognostic indicator of clinical outcome, the viral load determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is relatively inaccurate and incomparable across different studies. Digital PCR (dPCR) has recently proved to be a more ideal tool for viral load assessment.

GSDMD-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in marginal cells: A potential driver of inflammation and stria vascularis damage in CIHL.

Inflammation is among the known causes of cisplatin-induced hearing loss (CIHL), but its exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that pyroptosis-a recently identified inflammatory type of regulated cell death dependent on gasdermin D (GSDMD)-was activated in the cochleae of cisplatin-treated mice, causing CIHL. Meanwhile, treatment with the GSDMD inhibitor necrosulfonamide alleviated CIHL in these mice.

In Vivo and In Vitro Study of a Multifunctional SF/nHAp Corrosion-Resistant Bio-Coating Prepared on MAO Magnesium Alloy via Ultrasonic Spraying.

Magnesium alloys are often used in bone repair surgeries due to their biodegradability and excellent elastic modulus, making them a promising alternative to traditional nondegradable implants like titanium alloys. However, their rapid degradation rate limits their use as implants in the body. To enhance the corrosion resistance and bioactivity of magnesium alloys, we applied an ultrasonic spray coating on microarc oxidized (MAO) AZ31 magnesium alloy, using a mixture of silk fibroin (SF) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp).

Melatonin Increased Autophagy Level to Facilitate Osteogenesis of Inflamed PDLSCs Through TMEM110 Signaling Pathways.

Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) bring new hope to patients with poor periodontium recovery and impaired regeneration. However, the complex inflammatory microenvironment continually inhibits stem cell function and hinders stem cell therapy effectiveness. Melatonin is a naturally occurring neurohormone that participates in the regulation of a large spectrum of biological functions.

Poly-γ-glutamic acid alleviates slow transit constipation by regulating aquaporin and gut microbes.

Slow transit constipation (STC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder caused by colon dysfunction. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), an anionic polymer known for its moisture retention, degradability, and food safety, was studied for its effects on loperamide-induced STC in mice. Treatment with γ-PGA for one week significantly increased both defecation frequency and fecal water content, with the high-dose group (10 g/kg/d) restoring fecal water content to 34.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential: recent developments and perspectives.

Purpose Of Review: This review encompasses the recently published information on clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and discusses its future prospects. By announcing advances in the research of CHIP risk factors and related diseases, with the purpose of offering new insights to treat both hematologic and nonhematologic disorders.

Recent Findings: The majority of studies have shown that CHIP is a common biological condition associated with aging and the incidence of clonal hematopoiesis increases with age.

Patterns and outcomes of early and late recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion: a multicenter study in China.

Background: A few studies focus on the long-term outcomes and surveillance strategies for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and microvascular invasion (MVI) who experience postoperative recurrence. The aim of this study was to explore the patterns and prognosis of early and late recurrence (ER and LR) after hepatectomy of such patients.

Methods: Consecutive patients with HCC and MVI after hepatectomy from 26 centers in China from 2009 to 2020 were included.

Machine learning model-based prediction of postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis following pancreaticoduodenectomy: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: The International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery has established the definition and grading system for postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis (PPAP). There are no established machine learning models for predicting PPAP following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Aim: To explore the predictive model of PPAP, and test its predictive efficacy to guide the clinical work.