Apogeotropic Posterior Semicircular Canal BPPV-A Case Series from South Rajasthan.

Apogeotropic variant of posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (-PSC-BPPV) is a rare peripheral vestibular disorder, characterized by paroxysms of positionally triggered dizzy spells associated with non-positional disequilibrium. It is diagnosed by observing characteristic diagnostic oculomotor responses (torsional downbeating positional nystagmus) during positional testing (Dix-Hallpike and enhanced straight head hanging tests), in conjunction with a response to physical therapy. Much rarer anterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (ASC-BPPV) elicits identical oculomotor responses during positional testing.

Inversion Test and Sitting-Up Oculomotor Patterns in Patients with Graviceptive Heavy Posterior Cupula - A Case Series.

A graviceptive heavy posterior cupula typically results from cupulolithiasis and clinically manifests as short vertigo spells when the head moves in the provocative position. Half-Hallpike test (HHT) in posterior cupulolithiasis (PSC-BPPV-) elicits an upbeating ipsitorsional nystagmus (UBITN), which lasts more than a minute as per the consensus criteria developed by the Barany Society. In the last decade, cases with canalolithiasis in the short arm of the posterior semicircular canal (PSC-BPPV-), wherein the otoconial debris falls on the utricular side of the posterior cupula on getting up from supine, rendering it heavy (graviceptive), have been reported.

Vestibular Rehabilitation of the Persons affected by Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) by Physical Therapy and Repositioning Maneuvers.

Vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) mainly comprises physical therapies that encourage head, eye, and truncal movements, accelerating the recovery of patients with acute peripheral labyrinthine dysfunction. VRT aims to improve vestibular hypofunction by reinforcing vestibulo-ocular, vestibulospinal, and vestibulocollic reflexes. An asymmetry in peripheral vestibular inputs from the pair of membranous labyrinths to the central nervous system frequently results from vestibular lithiasis, causing benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).

Lying-Down Nystagmus (LDN) - When a Lateralizing Sign of Secondary Importance Attains Ascendancy in the Diagnosis of Horizontal Semicircular Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (HSC-BPPV).

Background: The diagnosis of horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (HSC-BPPV) mainly depends on the elicitation of asymmetric horizontal positional nystagmus on rolling head to either side, during the diagnostic supine roll test (SRT). The asymmetry in the strength of the elicited horizontal positional nystagmus during SRT is explained by the Ewald's second law and is crucial for lateralizing the affected ear. Rarely the elicited horizontal positional nystagmus on the head roll to either side during the SRT is of symmetric strength.