Quality of life after extended pelvic exenterations.

Background: The aim of the study was to compare health-related quality of life (QoL) and oncological outcome between gynaecological cancer patients undergoing pelvic exenteration (PE) and extended pelvic exenteration (EPE). EPEs were defined as extensive procedures including, in addition to standard PE extent, the resection of internal, external, or common iliac vessels; pelvic side-wall muscles; large pelvic nerves (sciatic or femoral); and/or pelvic bones.

Methods: Data from 74 patients who underwent PE (42) or EPE (32) between 2004 and 2019 at a single tertiary gynae-oncology centre in Prague were analysed.

Lengthening of the ulna by callotasis in children with multiple hereditary exostoses: comparison of methods with and without internal fixation.

Purpose: The goal of this retrospective study was to compare the gradual lengthening of the ulna in children with multiple hereditary exostoses with and without an elastic intramedullary nail.

Methods: Between 1998 to 2018, the ulna was lengthened in 28 forearms in 21 patients (aged 7.1 to 16.

[The first case of scrub typhus diagnosed in a Czech traveler].

This case report describes the first case of imported scrub typhus in a Czech traveler. The infection was diagnosed in a 38-year-old male traveler returning from a one-week business/tourist trip to Laos who presented with fever, chills, joint and muscle pain, localized inguinal lymphadenopathy, rash and a typical eschar. Although laboratory findings included elevation of CRP, hepatic aminotransferases and lactate dehydrogenase, complete blood count revealed only borderline leukocytosis with mild thrombocytopenia.

Anatomical aspects of the selective infraspinatus muscle neurotization by spinal accessory nerve.

The suprascapular nerve (SSN) is commonly reconstructed by spinal accessory nerve (SAN) transfer. However, reinnervation of its branch to the infraspinatus muscle (IB-SSN) is poor. Reconstruction of the SSN in cases of scapular fractures is frequently neglected in clinical practice.

The association among cervical, anal, and oral HPV infections in high-risk and low-risk women.

Objective: The human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause premalignant and malignant tumors in the anogenital and oropharyngeal regions. The aim of this study was to describe the association in the prevalence of cervical, anal, and oral HPV infections in high-risk patients with biopsy-confirmed high-grade cervical lesion compared to low-risk women.

Study Design: A total of 718 immunocompetent women were enrolled in the study.

Estrogen Receptor Status Oppositely Modifies Breast Cancer Prognosis in Mutation Carriers Versus Non-Carriers.

Breast cancer (BC) prognosis in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers has been reported contradictorily, and the significance of variables influencing prognosis in sporadic BC is not established in BC patients with hereditary BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the effect of clinicopathological characteristics on BC prognosis (disease-free survival [DFS] and disease-specific survival [DSS]) in hereditary BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers. We enrolled 234 BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers and 899 non-carriers, of whom 191 carriers and 680 non-carriers, with complete data, were available for survival analyses.

The role of αβ T-cells in spontaneous regression of melanoma tumors in swine.

Using a porcine model, we describe Melanoma-Associated CD4CD8 T-lymphocytes (MATL) in peripheral blood that increase during melanoma regression. These MATL possess the CD4CD8 phenotype and they have their direct counterparts in Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL) isolated from melanoma loci. Both MATL and CD4CD8 TIL have a similar expression of selected markers indicating that they represent effector/memory αβ T-cell subset.

Effects of the '11+ Kids' injury prevention programme on severe injuries in children's football: a secondary analysis of data from a multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Background: To assess the effects of the injury prevention programme '11+ Kids' on reducing severe injuries in 7 to 13 year old football (soccer) players.

Methods: Football clubs (under-9, under-11 and under-13 age groups) from the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland were cluster-randomised (clubs) into an intervention (INT) and a control group (CON). INT replaced their usual warm-up by '11+ Kids' two times a week.

Epidemiology, etiology, and types of severe adult brachial plexus injuries requiring surgical repair: systematic review and meta-analysis.

The literature describing epidemiology, etiology, and types of serious brachial plexus injuries (BPIs) is sparse. The aim of this review was to investigate the epidemiological and etiopathogenetical data of serious BPIs undergoing surgical reconstruction. A systematic search was conducted from January 1985 to December 2017.

Expression of TIM-3 on Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells as a Predictive Biomarker of Decline in HIV-1 RNA Level during ART.

Depletion and functional impairment of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are characteristic attributes of HIV-1-infection. The mechanism of dysfunction of pDCs is unclear. Here, we studied the development of phenotype of pDCs in a cohort of HIV-1-infected individuals monitored before the initiation and during a 9-month follow up with antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Risk factors for football injuries in young players aged 7 to 12 years.

Football (soccer) is very popular among children. Little is known about risk factors for football injuries in children. The aim was to analyze potential injury risk factors in 7- to 12-year-old players.

Spontaneous regression of malignant melanoma - is it based on the interplay between host immune system and melanoma antigens?

Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most aggressive and uneasily treatable form of skin cancer. Up to 90% of deaths because of skin tumours are estimated to be caused by this malignancy. Spontaneous regression is described as a partial or complete disappearance of cancer.

Head injuries in children's football-results from two prospective cohort studies in four European countries.

Head injuries are considered harmful in children. We analyzed head and neck injuries in organized football in 7- to 12-year-old children. Data for this analysis were obtained from a prospective cohort study over two consecutive football seasons in two European countries, and a randomized intervention trial over one season in four European countries.

Development of 5' LTR DNA methylation of latent HIV-1 provirus in cell line models and in long-term-infected individuals.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) latency represents the major barrier to virus eradication in infected individuals because cells harboring latent HIV-1 provirus are not affected by current antiretroviral therapy (ART). We previously demonstrated that DNA methylation of HIV-1 long terminal repeat (5' LTR) restricts HIV-1 reactivation and, together with chromatin conformation, represents an important mechanism of HIV-1 latency maintenance. Here, we explored the new issue of temporal development of DNA methylation in latent HIV-1 5' LTR.

Spontaneous regression of tumour and the role of microbial infection--possibilities for cancer treatment.

This review deals with the role of microorganisms in spontaneous regression of a tumour. Spontaneous cancer regression is a phenomenon that has been described for many centuries. One of the most well known methods of inducing spontaneous regression of cancer is the application of Coley's toxin (heat-killed Streptococcus pyogenes and Serratia marcescens), which has been used for the successful treatment of sarcomas, carcinomas, lymphomas, myelomas and melanomas.

HIV resistance testing and detected drug resistance in Europe.

Objectives: To describe regional differences and trends in resistance testing among individuals experiencing virological failure and the prevalence of detected resistance among those individuals who had a genotypic resistance test done following virological failure.

Design: Multinational cohort study.

Methods: Individuals in EuroSIDA with virological failure (>1 RNA measurement >500 on ART after >6 months on ART) after 1997 were included.

Lesion of gluteal nerves and muscles in total hip arthroplasty through 3 surgical approaches. An electromyographically controlled study.

Purpose: Three surgical approaches in total hip arthroplasty (THA) were compared concerning: 1) clinical and radiological results; 2) innervation of the tensor fasciae latae and gluteal muscles; 3) clinical outcome of the nerve lesions; 4) sensitivity of the EMG analysis.

Methods: A total of 70 patients aged 39-79 years were evaluated clinically and electromyographically before and 3-9 months after THA in 2 centres using the anterolateral approach in 22, transgluteal approach in 33 and posterior approach in 15 patients, respectively.

Results: 1) Hip flexion, external rotation and Trendelenburg lurch were reduced and the centre of the rotation was higher after the anterolateral approach.

Surgical treatment of lumbar spondylodiscitis: a comparison of two methods.

Purpose: This study evaluates two basic hypotheses: (1) the risk of an isolated dorsal approach to ventral lumbar spondylodiscitis based on clinical and radiographic results and (2) the risk of anterior radical debridement due to using a titanium implant in the site of bone infection.

Methods: Group A consisting of 23 patients was treated only by a dorsal transmuscular approach and group B consisting of eight patients was treated by two-stage posteroanterior surgery. Both evaluated groups were assessed before surgery, six weeks and one year after surgery with the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Kirkaldy-Willis functional criteria.

Incidence, immunological and clinical characteristics of reactivation of latent Toxoplasma gondii infection in HIV-infected patients.

To determine changes in incidence of reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii infection, manifesting as toxoplasmic encephalitis, and to assess the immunological mechanisms controlling reactivation in HIV-infected patients, a Czech cohort of 502 HIV/T. gondii co-infected patients was followed for 2909·3 person-years. The incidence of toxoplasmic encephalitis between the periods before and after the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) was compared.

Muscle transfers in children and adults improve external rotation in cases of obstetrical brachial plexus paralysis: a comparative study.

Purpose: Latissimus dorsi and teres major transfers to the lateral side of the humerus with lengthening of the pectoralis major and subscapularis muscles for residual shoulder deformity were compared in children and skeletally mature patients.

Methods: Fifteen patients (nine children, six skeletally mature patients aged three to 30 years, follow-up one to 22 years) were treated for internal shoulder contracture after birth plexus lesions: C5-C6 (seven patients); C5-7 (five patients); C5-C8-T1 (three patients, respectively). Range of movement, Mallet shoulder function score and radiographs were assessed.