Calcific aortic valve stenosis - comparison of inflammatory lesions in the left, right, and non-coronary cusp.

Background: Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is the most frequent acquired heart valve disease in the developed world and the most common cause of heart valve replacement, particularly in older adults. It is considered a form of atherosclerosis and, like the latter, of inflammatory pathogenesis.

Methods: The incidence and severity of features of chronic inflammation (vascularization, cellular infiltration, bone metaplasia, calcification) in surgically resected semilunar cusps of a tricuspid aortic valve in 100 patients with CAVS were assessed.

Pathology of radiation induced heart disease.

The aim of this paper is dual - to review the relevant literature on pathology of radiation induced heart disease (RIHD), and to present an illustrative case of our own. Therapeutic ionizing radiation, such as that used in the treatment of Hodgkin´s lymphoma and cancers of left breast, lungs, esophagus, and thymus, can cause cardiac damage that may take several years to manifest. The spectrum of RIHD is broad and includes [1] pericarditis and pericardial effusion; [2] endocardial fibrosis and valvular dysfunction; [3] nonischemic myocardial fibrosis; [4] obstructive coronary artery disease with resultant myocardial ischemia; [5] damage to the great vessels; and [6] conduction system dysfunction.

Moyamoya disease associated with fibromuscular dysplasia of intrapulmonary bronchial arteries-a case report.

A case is reported of a 40-year-old woman clinically diagnosed as moyamoya disease with associated fibromuscular dysplasia of intrapulmonary bronchial arteries incidentally revealed during autoptic examination. Moyamoya disease represents an idiopathic noninflammatory and nonatherosclerotic arterio-occlusive process of intracranial arteries. Prolonged brain ischemia leads to formation of tiny and fragile collaterals.

Czech medical personalities in Vienna during the 19th century.

During the entire 19th century, Czech lands (Bohemia and Moravia) were part of the Austrian Empire (from 1867, Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy). Obviously, there used to be quite frequent migration of Czechs of all social groups towards Austria, particularly to the capital Vienna. It is estimated that in the year 1900, from the 1.

Mast cells in calcific aortic stenosis.

In developed countries, calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) has become the most common acquired valvular disease and reason for aortic valve replacement. It is considered a form of atherosclerosis and, like the latter, of inflammatory origin, with presence in the calcified aortic valves of blood vessels, lymphatics, lymphocytes, plasma cells, histiocytes, and sometimes also of metaplastic bone tissue. This study is aimed at examining the presence of CD117 - positive mast cells in CAS.

Testing for ROS1 in non-small cell lung cancer: a review with recommendations.

Rearrangements of the ROS1 gene occur in 1-2 % of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Crizotinib, a highly effective inhibitor of ROS1 kinase activity, is now FDA-approved for the treatment of patients with advanced ROS1-positive NSCLC. Consequently, focus on ROS1 testing is growing.

Minimal requirements for the molecular testing of lung cancer.

From the aspect of the contemporary pathologic diagnostics of lung cancer, it is a key issue of the tissue obtained since small biopsies and cytology still play a major role. In the non-small cell lung cancer era, cytology considered equal to biopsy. However, in recent years it is unable to provide quality diagnosis and must be replaced by biopsy.

Molecular testing in lung cancer in the era of precision medicine.

The clinical expectations how pathologists should submit lung cancer diagnosis have changed dramatically. Until mid 90-ties a clear separation between small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) was mostly sufficient. With the invention of antiangiogenic treatment a differentiation between squamous and non-squamous NSCLC was requested.

Carcinoma embolization in coronary artery causing myocardial infarction: diagnosis from coronary thromboaspirate.

A unique case of myocardial infarction due to coronary artery tumor embolism from colonic adenocarcinoma is described. A 79-year-old man with a history of rectal carcinoma with lung metastases 15 years and 9 years before, respectively, was subjected to primary percutaneous coronary intervention for myocardial infarction with aspiration of a thrombus from the occluded artery. The retrieved material contained fragments of adenocarcinoma tissue.

Mammary analog secretory carcinoma of salivary glands: a report of 2 cases with expression of basal/myoepithelial markers (calponin, CD10 and p63 protein).

Mammary analog secretory carcinoma (MASC) of salivary glands is a recently described neoplasm with favorable outcome. We describe 2 cases of MASC occurring in a 34-year-old female and a 58-year-old male, both presenting with a swelling of upper lip and right parotid gland, measuring 15 and 20mm, respectively. Without adjuvant treatment, both patients have been free of disease for 15 months and 12 months since the operation.

Cribriform adenocarcinoma of minor salivary glands may express galectin-3, cytokeratin 19, and HBME-1 and contains polymorphisms of RET and H-RAS proto-oncogenes.

The aim of the study was to further elucidate the immunohistochemical and genetic characteristics of cribriform adenocarcinoma of minor salivary glands (CAMSG). The study comprised five CAMSG from two males and three females, aged 21-72 years. Four tumors were localized at the base of tongue and one in the floor of mouth.

Biologic importance and prognostic significance of selected clinicopathological parameters in patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, with emphasis on smoking, protein p16(INK4a) expression, and HPV status.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the biologic importance and prognostic significance of selected clinicopathological parameters in patients with oral (OSCC) and oropharyngeal (OPSCC) squamous cell carcinoma, with emphasis on smoking, protein p16(INK4a) (p16) expression, and human papillomavirus (HPV) status.The study sample consisted of 48 patients with OSCC and 44 patients with OPSCC. Half of the patients were nonsmokers and the other half were gender-, age- and tumor localization-matched smokers.

Calcific aortic valve stenosis: Immunohistochemical analysis of inflammatory infiltrate.

Calcific aortic valve disease is considered a form of atherosclerosis and, like the latter, possibly of inflammatory origin. The aim of our work was to study the pattern of cellular infiltrate in calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAS). Fifteen operatively excised calcified aortic valves were examined by histology and immunohistochemistry (CD20, CD79α, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD68, CD138, CD117, BJK, BJL, IgA, IgD, IgG, IgG4 and IgM).

Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis as one of the immunoglobulin G4-related diseases: a clinicopathological study of six cases from Central Europe.

Aims: Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis (CSS) has been proposed recently to be a member of the group of IgG4-related diseases in Japanese and American series. The aim of our study was to validate these results in a cohort of European patients.

Methods And Results: Our CSS series included four females and two males, aged 32-76 years, all presenting with unilateral swelling of submandibular gland.

Blood vessels and lymphatics in calcific aortic stenosis--in support of its inflammatory pathogenesis.

In developed countries, calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) has become the most common acquired valvular disease. It is considered a for of atherosclerosis and, like the latter, of inflammatory origin. Majority of cases of CAS are classified etiologically as either senile ("degenerative")--developing on previously normal aortic valve with three cusps, or based on congenitally malformed--bicuspid aortic valve.

Low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma of the parotid gland: a neoplasm with favorable prognosis, distinct from salivary duct carcinoma.

Low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma of salivary glands is a recently described rare tumor with favorable prognosis. This study reports the case of 50-year-old woman with swelling lasting for 9 months in the right parotideomasseteric area. Grossly, the tumor was well circumscribed and dominated by cystic space.

Isolated thoracic aortitis: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 11 cases.

Isolated thoracic aortitis (ITA) is diagnosed in a variable proportion of patients operated on for dilation/aneurysm of ascending aorta. The etiopathogenesis of ITA remains unclear. We studied 11 cases of ITA in order to determine the role of IgG4-mediated immune responses in its pathogenesis.

Recurrent mucinous carcinoma of skin mimicking primary mucinous carcinoma of parotid gland: a diagnostic pitfall.

A case of a 63-year-old man with a swelling lasting 2 years in the left infraauricular area is reported. Examination by fine needle aspiration cytology raised suspicion of mucoepidermoid or adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland and an excision was recommended. The lateral parotidectomy specimen showed a poorly circumscribed gelatinous tumor measuring 15 mm in diameter within the parotid gland tissue.

Tumor-to-tumor metastasis: Warthin tumor as a recipient of lung carcinoma and of renal carcinoma - Report of two cases.

Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is an exceedingly rare event with only about 100 cases reported in the English written literature. We report two cases of a 65-year-old man with duplicity of colonic and lung adenocarcinomas who presented with swelling of the left parotid gland, and of a 75-year-old man who presented with swelling of the right parotid gland. Microscopical and immunohistochemical examination showed metastasis of lung carcinoma and of renal carcinoma, respectively, to Warthin tumor as the first clinical manifestation of the malignancy in the latter case.

Expression of galectin-3, cytokeratin 19, neural cell adhesion molecule and E-cadhedrin in certain variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

The immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 (Gal3), cytokeratin 19 (CK19), neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), and E-cadherin (Ecad) was evaluated to assess their use in diagnostics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A total of 84 PTCs - 36 classical variants (cPTCs), 26 follicular variants (fPTCs), and 22 papillary microcarcinomas (mPTCs) were studied. Expression of Gal3 was found in 36/36 (100%) cPTCs, 24/26 (92%) fPTCs, and 19/22 (86%) mPTCs.

Bone formation in cardiac valves: a histopathological study of 128 cases.

In a series of 1,177 patients with surgical valve resection, there were 128 (10.9%) patients with the histological finding of bone and/or cartilage formation (bony metaplasia; heterotopic ossification) in the excised valve (119 aortic, 9 mitral). The incidence was higher in men (12.

Patterns of isolated atrial amyloid: a study of 100 hearts on autopsy.

Isolated atrial amyloid (IAA), one of the most common members of the family of age-related ("senile") amyloids, seems to play a role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation. Patterns of IAA deposition were histologically studied in the hearts of 100 elderly patients. The incidence (%) and severity (grade 0-3) of atrial IAA deposits increase with age, from 75% incidence and 0.

Low grade myofibroblastic sarcoma of tongue: a case report.

A case of a 24-year-old woman with a 6 weeks lasting nodule of the right margin of the tongue is described. The nodule was 20 mm in diameter and showed surface ulceration. The diagnosis of low grade myofibroblastic sarcoma was supported by histological, immunohistochemical and electronmicroscopic examination.

Myocardial sleeves of pulmonary veins and atrial fibrillation: a postmortem histopathological study of 100 subjects.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is triggered by ectopic beats originating from extensions of the left atrial myocardium over the pulmonary veins (PVs), so-called myocardial sleeves. A total of 100 hearts (393 PVs) obtained at autopsy were studied. Of these, 50 were from patients with chronic AF and 50 from controls in sinus rhythm.

Massive squamous metaplasia of the thyroid gland-- report of three cases.

Three cases of massive squamous cell metaplasia in Hashimoto's thyroiditis are reported. The patients were two men and one woman aged 24, 52, and 55 years, respectively. In all three patients, the glandular parenchyma was replaced by hypocellular fibrous tissue with scattered chronic inflammatory infiltrate.