Surrogate End Points for Overall Survival in Neoadjuvant Randomized Clinical Trials for Early Breast Cancer.

Purpose: To assess trial-level surrogacy value for overall survival (OS) of the pathologic complete response (pCR) and invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for early breast cancer (BC).

Methods: Individual patient data of neoadjuvant RCTs with available data on pCR, iDFS, and OS were included in the analysis. We used the coefficient of determination from weighted linear regression models to quantify the association between treatment effects on OS and on the surrogate end points.

Assessment of the underreporting of rhinitis in patients with asthma: A MASK-air® real-world study.

Rhinitis is a common comorbidity in patients with asthma. However, the frequency of underreported rhinitis in asthma is not known. In this study, we aimed to assess the characteristics of patients with self-reported asthma and no self-reported rhinitis, as well as the extent of the underreporting of rhinitis.

Psychopathy as a bipolar construct: Testing the risk-promotive status of the four psychopathy checklist-revised/screening version facet scores in six clinical samples.

This study tested the possibility that the four facets of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised/Screening Version (PCL-R/SV) serve as bipolar constructs in predicting future criminal justice outcomes. Organizing scores on the four facets (Interpersonal, Affective, Lifestyle, and Antisocial) into three categories-that is, lowest 25% of cases (best category), highest 25% of cases (worst category), and middle 50% of cases (intermediate category)-we tested bipolarity by crossing the three categories with a dichotomized crime/violence outcome and calculating both promotive (best category vs. worst + intermediate categories) and risk (worst category vs.

The impact of a secondary, rare, non-pathogenic PKD1 variant on disease progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused primarily by pathogenic variants in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes. Although the type of ADPKD variant can influence disease severity, rare, hypomorphic PKD1 variants have also been reported to modify disease severity or cause biallelic ADPKD. This study examines whether rare, additional, potentially protein-altering, non-pathogenic PKD1 variants contribute to ADPKD phenotypic outcomes.

Impact of the external knee flexion moment on patello-femoral loading derived from loads and kinematics.

Introduction: Anterior knee pain and other patello-femoral (PF) complications frequently limit the success of total knee arthroplasty as the final treatment of end stage osteoarthritis. However, knowledge about the loading conditions at the PF joint remains limited, as no direct measurements are available. We hypothesised that the external knee flexion moment (EFM) is highly predictive of the PF contact forces during activities with substantial flexion of the loaded knee.

Significant handling errors and education gaps regarding the use of the emergency kit among adult patients with Hymenoptera venom allergy.

Aim: In case of systemic anaphylactic reactions after Hymenoptera stings, patients should be provided with an adrenaline autoinjector (AAI). We aimed to evaluate the education and handling competence of patients in a real-world setting.

Materials And Methods: Patients with Hymenoptera venom allergy presenting for the first time in our clinic with a previously prescribed emergency kit including an AAI were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire and were asked to demonstrate the AAI use with a dummy.

enterotoxin-claudin pore complex: Models for structure, mechanism of pore assembly and cation permeability.

The pore-forming enterotoxin (CPE), a common cause of foodborne diseases, facilitates Ca influx in enterocytes, leading to cell damage. Upon binding to certain claudins (e.g.

Mental Health and the Intersection of Perceived Discrimination and Social Inequalities Among Students in Germany - a Quantitative Intersectional Study.

Objectives: Discrimination poses a threat to the mental health of university students, especially those affected by social inequality, yet understanding its intersectional impact remains limited. This study examines the intersection of social inequalities with perceived discrimination to explore differences in mental health among students in Germany.

Methods: Data from the cross-sectional project "Survey on study conditions and mental health of university students" (n = 14,592) were analysed using Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA).

Development and application of a clinical core data set for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease, dystonia or tremor: from data collection to data exchange and data sharing.

Background: Comprehensive clinical data regarding factors influencing the individual disease course of patients with movement disorders treated with deep brain stimulation might help to better understand disease progression and to develop individualized treatment approaches.

Methods: The clinical core data set was developed by a multidisciplinary working group within the German transregional collaborative research network ReTune. The development followed standardized methodology comprising review of available evidence, a consensus process and performance of the first phase of the study.

The implementation and side effect management of immune checkpoint inhibitors in gynecologic oncology: a JAGO/NOGGO survey.

Background: The integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) into routine gynecologic cancer treatment requires a thorough understanding of how to manage immune-related adverse events (irAEs) to ensure patient safety. However, reports on real-world clinical experience in the management of ICIs in gynecologic oncology are very limited. The aim of this survey was to provide a real-world overview of the experiences and the current state of irAE management of ICIs in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria.

Anaphylaxis definition, overview, and clinical support tool: 2024 consensus report.

Background: The 2006 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network (NIAID/FAAN) anaphylaxis criteria are widely used in clinical care and research. In 2020, the World Allergy Organization (WAO) published modified criteria that have not been uniformly adopted. Different criteria contribute to inconsistent care and research outcomes.

Prolonged mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: six-month mortality, care pathways, and quality of life.

Background: There is limited knowledge about long-term mortality, care pathways and health-related quality of life (HrQoL) among intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV).

Research Question: What are the long-term mortality, care pathways, and HrQoL of patients receiving invasive PMV, stratified by weaning success?

Study Design: and methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of patients from the cluster-randomised controlled Enhanced Recovery after Intensive Care trial who were treated in two ICU clusters and received invasive PMV (≥21 days via endotracheal tube/tracheostomy or ≥four days via tracheostomy). Data on weaning success, mortality, care place transitions, readmissions, and HrQoL were collected for six months after ICU discharge.

Transforming growth factor beta induces interleukin-11 expression in osteoarthritis.

Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines and possesses both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties. IL-11 activates its target cells via binding to a membrane-bound IL-11R and subsequent formation of a homodimer of the signal-transducing receptor gp130. Thus, the expression pattern of the IL-11R determines which cells can be activated by IL-11.

Characterization of children with early onset pediatric multiple sclerosis.

Background: Early onset pediatric multiple sclerosis (EOPMS) provides an early window of opportunity to understand the mechanisms leading to MS.

Objective: To investigate clinical, laboratory and imaging differences between children with early onset pediatric MS (<11 years, EOPMS) and late onset pediatric MS (≥11 years, LOPMS).

Methods: Mostly prospectively collected data of children with MS including clinical presentation, MRI at onset, time to second relapse, relapse rate, treatment history, and CSF markers were eligible.

Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (BIHi292-A) from PBMCs of a female patient diagnosed with Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD)/polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (PLOSL) carrying a novel heterozygous mutation in the TREM2 gene.

NHD/PLOSL is an orphan disease characterized by progressive presenile dementia associated with recurrent fractures due to polycystic bone lesions. In this study, we generated the human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line BIHi292-A from a 30-year-old women diagnosed with NHD/PLOSL, carrying two compound heterozygous frameshift mutations [c.313del (p.

Cognitive Deficits in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis Are Linked to Immunotherapy-Resistant White Matter Network Changes.

Background And Objectives: Cognitive deficits represent a major long-term complication of anti-leucine-rich, glioma-inactivated 1 encephalitis (LGI1-E). Although severely affecting patient outcomes, the structural brain changes underlying these deficits remain poorly understood. In this study, we hypothesized a link between white matter (WM) networks and cognitive outcomes in LGI1-E.

Predictors for Development of Asphyxiated Neonates Treated With Therapeutic Hypothermia.

Aim: To describe the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of asphyxiated neonates treated with hypothermia in association with neonatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Methods: We evaluated, retrospectively, clinical and radiological single-centre data at 0, 2, and 5 years of age of 53 asphyxiated neonates born between 2005 and 2015. Neonatal cranial MRI was re-evaluated using the Weeke score ranging from 0 (normal finding) to 55 (cerebral devastation) by a single neuroradiologist blinded to patient outcomes.

Expression and function of Connexin 43 and Connexin 37 in the murine zona glomerulosa.

The zona glomerulosa (ZG) synthesizes the mineralocorticoid aldosterone. The primary role of aldosterone is the maintenance of volume and electrolyte homeostasis. Aldosterone synthesis is primarily regulated via tightly controlled oscillations in intracellular calcium levels in response to stimulation.

Immunomodulatory Potential of a Bibenzyl-dihydrophenanthrene Derivative Isolated from .

Bibenzyls and dihydrophenanthrenes exhibit promising immunomodulatory effects in various human diseases. In this study, we isolated one new dihydrophenanthrene derivative (), two new bibenzyl-dihydrophenanthrene derivatives () along with 12 known compounds (-) from the methanol extract of . These compounds were identified by using physicochemical analyses and spectroscopic methods.

Clinical Presentation and Course of Pulmonary Involvement in Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis.

Objective: Pulmonary involvement in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is rare. Limited awareness results in diagnostic challenges, especially because malignancy or infection needs to be considered.

Methods: Based on a survey shared among centers participating in the Kerndokumentation Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (Germany), this study investigated clinical and imaging presentations, demographic features, treatment response and outcomes of pulmonary involvement in CNO (pCNO).

Dental and oral health assessments in the German National Cohort (NAKO).

Background: Despite considerable improvements in oral health in recent decades, caries and periodontitis are still widespread, ranking among the most prevalent diseases worldwide and requiring future research. The German National Cohort (NAKO Gesundheitsstudie, NAKO) is a large-scaled, multidisciplinary, nationwide, multi-centre, population-based, prospective cohort study with oral examinations that aims to provide a resource to study risk factors for major diseases. The aim of the present article is to provide the methodological background, to report on the data quality, and to present initial results of the oral examinations.

[Influence of obesity on midterm outcome after primary hip and knee arthroplasty in Germany : Analysis from the EPRD].

Objectives: To determine the influence of obesity on revision rates and mortality after primary elective hip and knee arthroplasty in Germany.

Materials And Methods: In the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD) there were 403,073 elective total hip arthroplasties (THA), 320,913 bicondylar total knee arthroplasties (TKA) and 48,480 unicondylar knee arthroplasties (UKA) with valid BMI available for analysis. Cumulative revision rates and 1‑year mortality was calculated for BMI groups.