Demographic and health characteristics associated with fish and -3 fatty acid supplement intake during pregnancy: results from pregnancy cohorts in the ECHO programme.

Objective: -3 fatty acid consumption during pregnancy is recommended for optimal pregnancy outcomes and offspring health. We examined characteristics associated with self-reported fish or -3 supplement intake.

Design: Pooled pregnancy cohort studies.

Biologically Relevant Murine Models of Chronic Respiratory Infection.

is an opportunistic pathogen and the leading cause of infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The ability of to evade host responses and develop into chronic infection causes significant morbidity and mortality. Several mouse models have been developed to study chronic respiratory infections induced by , with the bead agar model being the most widely used.

Deep neural network heatmaps capture Alzheimer's disease patterns reported in a large meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies.

Deep neural networks currently provide the most advanced and accurate machine learning models to distinguish between structural MRI scans of subjects with Alzheimer's disease and healthy controls. Unfortunately, the subtle brain alterations captured by these models are difficult to interpret because of the complexity of these multi-layer and non-linear models. Several heatmap methods have been proposed to address this issue and analyze the imaging patterns extracted from the deep neural networks, but no quantitative comparison between these methods has been carried out so far.

The molecular evolution of spermatogenesis across mammals.

The testis produces gametes through spermatogenesis and evolves rapidly at both the morphological and molecular level in mammals, probably owing to the evolutionary pressure on males to be reproductively successful. However, the molecular evolution of individual spermatogenic cell types across mammals remains largely uncharacterized. Here we report evolutionary analyses of single-nucleus transcriptome data for testes from 11 species that cover the three main mammalian lineages (eutherians, marsupials and monotremes) and birds (the evolutionary outgroup), and include seven primates.

Trajectories of depressive symptoms among mothers of preterm and full-term infants in a national sample.

To examine postpartum depressive symptom trajectories from birth to age 5 and their risk factors in a national sample of mothers of preterm and full-term infants. The racially and ethnically diverse sample comprised 11,320 maternal participants (M = 29; SD = 5.9) in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program in the USA with data on newborn gestational age at birth (≥ 22 weeks) and maternal depression symptoms during the first 5 years following childbirth.

Deconstructing institutional racism and the social construction of : A strategy for professional competence training in culture and migration mental health.

The position presented in this article draws on the professional insights of the authors, reflecting on issues of global political importance in culture and migration mental health. As institutional theory perspectives continue to develop, solutions to complex social problems such as racism require embodied knowledge if the lines of authority and basic occupational routines are to be meaningfully renegotiated. Embodied knowledge is socially situated and self-reflexive and reflects cumulative and marginalized experiences that contribute to a better understanding of institutional racism and the social construction of .

Efficacy and safety of ECG-synchronized pulsatile extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the clinical setting: The SynCor Trial.

Introduction: Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices are increasingly used as a treatment option in resuscitation or in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Prophylactic implantation in high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions (HRPCI) is another upcoming indication. The i-cor ECG-synchronized cardiac assist device combines the hemodynamic support of a veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) with the ability to generate a pulsatile flow and thus decreasing adverse effects of VA-ECMO on myocardial function.

The Value of Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping for the Staging of Node-Negative Colon Cancer: Propensity Score and Mediation Analyses.

Objectives: Mediation analysis to assess the protective impact of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping on prognosis and survival of patients with colon cancer through a more precise evaluation of the lymph node (LN) status.

Background: Up to 20% of patients with node-negative colon cancer develop disease recurrence. Conventional histopathological LN examination may be limited in describing the real metastatic burden of LN.

Spontaneous Non-Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia and Premature Ventricular Contractions and Their Prognostic Relevance in Patients with Cancer in Routine Care.

It is largely unknown whether cancer patients seen in routine care show ventricular arrhythmias in 24 h electrocardiograms (ECGs), and whether when they are detected they carry prognostic relevance. We included 261 consecutive cancer patients that were referred to the department of cardiology for 24 h ECG examination and 35 healthy controls of similar age and sex in the analysis. To reduce selection bias, cancer patients with known left ventricular ejection fraction <45% were not included in the analysis.

Prioritizing progressive MS rehabilitation research: A call from the International Progressive MS Alliance.

Background: People with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience myriad symptoms that negatively affect their quality of life. Despite significant progress in rehabilitation strategies for people living with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), the development of similar strategies for people with progressive MS has received little attention.

Objective: To highlight key symptoms of importance to people with progressive MS and stimulate the design and implementation of high-quality studies focused on symptom management and rehabilitation.

Understanding Vulnerability and Adaptation in Early Brain Development using Network Neuroscience.

Early adversity influences brain development and emerging behavioral phenotypes relevant for psychiatric disorders. Understanding the effects of adversity before and after conception on brain development has implications for contextualizing current public health crises and pervasive health inequities. The use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study the brain at rest has shifted understanding of brain functioning and organization in the earliest periods of life.

Resorption of retromolar bone grafts after alveolar ridge augmentation-volumetric changes after 12 months assessed by CBCT analysis.

In this pilot study, a volumetric analysis of retromolar onlay bone grafts over a period of 12 months was conducted, using repeated CBCT imaging combined with automated image registration.Eleven patients being treated with 16 bone grafts taken from the retromolar area were examined by CBCT scanning prior to bone augmentation (T0), immediately after bone augmentation (T1) and after a healing time of 12 months after augmentation (T2). Graft volumes were measured at each time point after automated image registration of consecutive CBCT scans.

Dietary Carbohydrates and Fat Induce Distinct Surfactant Alterations in Mice.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are nutrition-related conditions associated with lung function impairment and pulmonary diseases; however, the underlying pathomechanisms are incompletely understood. Pulmonary surfactant is essential for lung function, and surfactant synthesis by AT2 (alveolar epithelial type 2) cells relies on nutrient uptake. We hypothesized that dietary amounts of carbohydrates or fat affect surfactant homeostasis and composition.

Differential clusterization of soluble and extracellular vesicle-associated cytokines in myocardial infarction.

A proinflammatory dysregulation of cytokine release is associated with various diseases, in particular with those of infectious etiology, as well as with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We showed earlier that cytokines are released in two forms, soluble and in association with extracellular vesicles (EVs). Here, we investigated the patterns of expression and clustering of soluble and EV-associated cytokines in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Efficacy of baricitinib in patients with moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis with 3 years of treatment: results from a long-term study.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of once-daily baricitinib 4 mg in patients with active RA who were either naïve to DMARDs or who had inadequate response (IR) to MTX.

Methods: Analyses of data from two completed 52-week, phase III studies, RA-BEGIN (DMARD-naïve) and RA-BEAM (MTX-IR), and one ongoing long-term extension (LTE) study (RA-BEYOND) were performed (148 total weeks). At week 52, DMARD-naïve patients treated with MTX monotherapy or baricitinib 4 mg+MTX in RA-BEGIN were switched to open-label baricitinib 4 mg monotherapy; MTX-IR patients treated with adalimumab (+MTX) in RA-BEAM were switched to open-label baricitinib 4 mg (+MTX) in the LTE.

The role of TPH2 variant rs4570625 in shaping infant attention to social signals.

TPH2, the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of serotonin, has been connected to several psychiatric outcomes. Its allelic variant, rs4570625, has been found to relate to individual differences in cognitive and emotion regulation during infancy with T-carriers of rs4570625 showing a relatively heightened attention bias for fearful faces. A significant gene-environment interaction was also reported with the T-carriers of mothers with depressive symptoms showing the highest fear bias.

The diversity of synaptotagmin isoforms.

The synaptotagmin family of molecules is known for regulating calcium-dependent membrane fusion events. Mice and humans express 17 synaptotagmin isoforms, where most studies have focused on isoforms 1, 2, and 7, which are involved in synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Recent work has highlighted how brain function relies on additional isoforms, with roles in postsynaptic receptor endocytosis, vesicle trafficking, membrane repair, synaptic plasticity, and protection against neurodegeneration, for example, in addition to the traditional concept of synaptotagmin-mediated neurotransmitter release - in neurons as well as glia, and at different timepoints.

QRS fragmentation as a possible electrocardiographic diagnostic marker in patients with acute myocarditis: preliminary histopathological validation.

Aims: We aim to assess the reproducibility of QRS fragmentation (fQRS) on a multi-centre dataset of patients with acute myocarditis (AM), including a histopathological validation in a subgroup with biopsy-proven disease. Electrocardiogram (ECG) in patients with myocarditis is usually considered aspecific. ST changes and conduction anomalies have been commonly reported so far.

The EORTC-DeCOG nomogram adequately predicts outcomes of patients with sentinel node-positive melanoma without the need for completion lymph node dissection.

Purpose: Based on recent advances in the management of patients with sentinel node (SN)-positive melanoma, we aimed to develop prediction models for recurrence, distant metastasis (DM) and overall mortality (OM).

Methods: The derivation cohort consisted of 1080 patients with SN-positive melanoma from nine European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) centres. Prognostic factors for recurrence, DM and OM were studied with Cox regression analysis.

Foreign National Patients in German Prison Psychiatry.

Introduction: Over the past few years, the share of foreign national prisoners in the European and American justice systems has increased at a disproportionately high rate, yet studies on mental health issues among this diverse group are rare. Recent research suggests a range of factors leading to mental health vulnerability in foreign national prisoners, including language barriers, isolation, cultural misunderstanding, and legal standing. Relevant findings of topic-related studies indicate that under-referral to mental health services due to missed or misinterpreted symptoms is a major risk for foreign national prisoners.

Does migrant background predict to what extent colorectal cancer patients want to be informed about their life expectancy? - a cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Although migrant health is a topic of interest across Europe and although health care services in Germany consider migrant health issues, people with a migrant background often experience difficulties regarding health care provision. The prevalence of various cancers among migrants is lower relative to non-migrants although this equalizes with increasing duration of residence. There are documented differences in health behavior and disease-coping strategies between migrants and non-migrants, but data are scarce on this subject.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Enhances Local Postoperative Histopathological Tumour Stage in Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer - A Matched-Pair Analysis.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is established in the treatment of ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma for downsizing borderline-resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) and may affect nodal positivity and rates of R0 resection. This study aimed to identify the impact of NAC on postoperative histopathological parameters with a prognostic relevance.

Patients And Methods: A one-to-three matched-pair analysis, including an overall total of 132 patients (25% treated with NAC and subsequent resection and 75% undergoing upfront surgery) was performed.

Sources of Support and Information During Disease: An Exploratory Study, Comparing Migrant and Nonmigrant Colorectal Cancer Patients in Germany.

The prevalence of cancer diseases among migrants is lower relative to nonmigrants, although this equalizes with increasing duration of residence. There are differences in the health behaviors and disease coping strategies between these two groups. The aim of this analysis is to compare migrant and nonmigrant colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in Germany regarding their sources of support and information during disease.