Klebsiella pneumoniae Glycoconjugate Vaccine Leads Based on Semi-Synthetic O1 and O2ac Antigens.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a common opportunistic pathogen that emerged as a new critical threat to human health, due to its hypervirulence and widespread resistance against many antibiotics, including carbapenems. Alternative intervention strategies such as vaccines are not available.  Cell-surface lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and capsular polysaccharides (CPS) are attractive targets for vaccine development.

Symptoms Prior to Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis in Individuals Younger Than 18 Years.

Importance: A growing body of literature suggests the presence of a prodromal period with nonspecific signs and symptoms before onset of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective: To systematically assess diseases and symptoms diagnosed in the 5 years before a first MS- or central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating disease-related diagnostic code in pediatric patients compared with controls without MS and controls with another immune-mediated disorder, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based, matched case-control study included children and adolescents (aged <18 years) in Germany with statutory health insurance from January 2010 to December 2020.

Cacao agroforestry adoption by smallholder farmers and forest loss prevention in the Maya Golden Landscape, Belize.

Unsustainable land use practices have led to increased forest loss rates. Implementing cacao agroforestry can reduce forest loss by preventing the clear-cutting of forests for monoculture plantations. However, research is needed on its effectiveness in preventing forest loss and the factors influencing its adoption between full-time and part-time farmers.

Eating disorders and disordered eating symptoms in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are among the least studied mental disorders in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P). The primary aim (a) of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify factors predicting ED diagnoses in CHR-P individuals. The secondary aim (b) was providing a comprehensive clinical description of individuals with both CHR-P and EDs/ED-related symptoms.

A stratified treatment algorithm in psychiatry: a program on stratified pharmacogenomics in severe mental illness (Psych-STRATA): concept, objectives and methodologies of a multidisciplinary project funded by Horizon Europe.

Schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar (BD) and major depression disorder (MDD) are severe psychiatric disorders that are challenging to treat, often leading to treatment resistance (TR). It is crucial to develop effective methods to identify and treat patients at risk of TR at an early stage in a personalized manner, considering their biological basis, their clinical and psychosocial characteristics. Effective translation of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice is essential for achieving this goal.

Higher Versus Lower Protein Delivery in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Recent multicenter trials suggest that higher protein delivery may result in worse outcomes in critically ill patients, but uncertainty remains. An updated Bayesian meta-analysis of recent evidence was conducted to estimate the probabilities of beneficial and harmful treatment effects.

Data Sources: An updated systematic search was performed in three databases until September 4, 2024.

Eating- and Weight-Related Disorders in the Armed Forces.

Background/objectives: Like in the general population, the prevalences of eating- and weight-related health issues in the armed forces are increasing. Relevant medical conditions include the eating disorders (EDs) anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), as well as body dysmorphic disorder, muscle dysmorphia, and the relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) syndrome.

Methods: We performed a narrative literature review on eating- and weight-related disorders in the armed forces.

Yes, I Can: The Interplay of Need for Cognition and Task Confidence in Cognitive Task Performance.

Need for Cognition (NFC) refers to the enjoyment of and the search for intellectual challenges. Although numerous studies suggest associations between NFC and cognitive performance, the processes and factors that may mediate the relationship are not yet well understood. Based on the literature suggesting that self-efficacy (SE) expectancies mediate the relationship between NFC and cognitive performance, we sought to investigate this relationship systematically under controlled laboratory conditions.

Does Students' Level of Intelligence Moderate the Relationship Between Socio-Economic Status and Academic Achievement?

The association between school students' social background and school achievement is well documented. Recent studies demonstrated that this association might be moderated by the level of cognitive potential. Based on these results, we recruited an elementary school sample ( = 837) and an adolescent sample at the end of their compulsory school time ( = 2100) to investigate whether the associations between students' social background and their academic achievement in math and language arts were moderated by the level of their general cognitive competencies, i.

First Clinical Application of Aztreonam-Avibactam in Treating Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales: Insights from Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Pharmacokinetic Simulations.

: A novel fixed combination of aztreonam (ATM) and avibactam (AVI) offers promising potential to treat infections with carbapenem-resistant (CRE) producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBL). This study aimed to assess the accuracy of population pharmacokinetic (PK) models for ATM-AVI in predicting in vivo concentrations in a critically ill patient with CRE infection during its first clinical use. : A 70-year-old male with septic shock due to hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) caused by MBL-producing was treated with ATM-AVI.

High Revision Rate After Transphyseal ACL Reconstruction in Skeletally Immature Patients.

There remains considerable debate regarding the optimal management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in skeletally immature patients. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of transphyseal ACL reconstruction in patients with open growth plates. This retrospective study included skeletally immature patients with full-thickness ACL tears and confirmed open physis.

Tunnel Technique in Bone Augmentation Procedures for Dental Implant Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review.

: This systematic review aimed to compare the tunnel technique for pre-implant bone regeneration with traditional flap techniques also involving a crestal incision, in terms of procedure success, graft healing, postoperative course, patient satisfaction, and implant follow-up. : A systematic search was conducted on MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials following PRISMA guidelines, searching for comparative prospective and retrospective studies in English, published between January 2002 and April 2024. The population of interest consisted of patients with edentulous ridge atrophy requiring pre-implant bone regeneration.

Upgrading the Bioinspired Iron-Polyporphyrin Structures by Abiological Metals Toward New-Generation Reactive Oxygen Biocatalysts.

Developing artificial enzymes based on organic molecules or polymers for reactive oxygen biocatalysis has broad applicability. Here, inspired by heme-based enzyme systems, we construct the abiological iron group metal-based polyporphyrin (Ru/Os-coordinated porphyrin-based biocatalyst, Ru/Os-PorBC) to serve as a new generation of efficient and versatile reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related biocatalyst. Due to the structural benefits, including excellent electron configuration, appropriate bandgap, and optimized adsorption and activation of reaction intermediates, Ru/Os-PorBC shows unparalleled ROS-production activities regarding maximum reaction rate and turnover numbers, which also demonstrates superior pH and temperature adaptability compared to natural enzymes.

ProQ-associated small RNAs control motility in Vibrio cholerae.

Gene regulation at the post-transcriptional level is prevalent in all domains of life. In bacteria, ProQ-like proteins have emerged as important RNA chaperones facilitating RNA stability and RNA duplex formation. In the major human pathogen Vibrio cholerae, post-transcriptional gene regulation is key for virulence, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance, yet the role of ProQ has not been studied.

Development of a Tablet-Based Outpatient Care Application for People With Dementia: Interview and Workshop Study.

Background: Dementia management presents a significant challenge for individuals affected by dementia, as well as their families, caregivers, and health care providers. Digital applications may support those living with dementia; however only a few dementia-friendly applications exist.

Objective: This paper emphasizes the necessity of considering multiple perspectives to ensure the high-quality development of supportive health care applications.

Prediction of Central Post-Stroke Pain by Quantitative Sensory Testing.

Objective: Among patients with acute stroke, we aimed to identify those who will later develop central post-stroke pain (CPSP) versus those who will not (non-pain sensory stroke [NPSS]) by assessing potential differences in somatosensory profile patterns and evaluating their potential as predictors of CPSP.

Methods: In a prospective longitudinal study on 75 acute stroke patients with somatosensory symptoms, we performed quantitative somatosensory testing (QST) in the acute/subacute phase (within 10 days) and on follow-up visits for 12 months. Based on previous QST studies, we hypothesized that QST values of cold detection threshold (CDT) and dynamic mechanical allodynia (DMA) would differ between CPSP and NPSS patients before the onset of pain.

Key Pathophysiological Role of Skeletal Muscle Disturbance in Post COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): Accumulated Evidence.

Background: Recent studies provide strong evidence for a key role of skeletal muscle pathophysiology in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). In a 2021 review article on the pathophysiology of ME/CFS, we postulated that hypoperfusion and ischemia can result in excessive sodium and calcium overload in skeletal muscles of ME/CFS patients to cause mitochondrial damage. Since then, experimental evidence has been provided that supports this concept.

Dysfunctional copper homeostasis in affects genomic and neuronal stability.

While copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for biological systems due to its redox properties, excess levels may lead to adverse effects partly due to overproduction of reactive species. Thus, a tightly regulated Cu homeostasis is crucial for health. Cu dyshomeostasis and elevated labile Cu levels are associated with oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders, but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully characterized.

Configurational Field Analysis: a new approach to global field dynamics.

This paper advances the theory of Configurational Field Analysis (CFA) as a reconfiguration of Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, aiming to address the limitations of Global Field Theory in analyzing the complexities of global and transnational phenomena. While the concept of the Global Field extended Bourdieu's ideas to transnational and global arenas, it has been critiqued for its structural determinism, Eurocentrism, and its inability to fully capture the fluid, indeterminate, and contingent nature of global social dynamics. In response, this paper introduces social configurations as dynamic, relational constructs that emerge from specific historical and contextual conditions, rather than as fixed and universal structures.

Referral, monitoring, and factors associated with non-referral of chronic kidney disease in Germany: a nationwide, retrospective cohort study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most significant drivers of the global burden of disease and an increasing public health issue. Adequate monitoring and referral of high-risk patients to nephrologists are associated with improved management of CKD. We aimed to assess nephrology referral rates, monitoring of kidney function, and factors associated with failure to refer in Germany.

European biologic training course for type 2 inflammation by EUFOREA in 2024: key facts and lessons learned.

The European Forum for Research and Education in Allergy and Airways diseases (EUFOREA) organized the first European Biologic Training Course (EBTC) in Brussels on 1st March 2024. The aim of this hybrid EBTC including both face-to-face and web-based participation was to address the educational needs of physicians dealing with asthma and Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) on the clinically relevant aspects of diagnosing and treatment with biologics. EUFOREA is an international non-for-profit organization forming an alliance of all stakeholders dedicated to reducing the prevalence and burden of chronic respiratory diseases through the implementation of optimal patient care via educational, research, and advocacy activities.

Depression and health literacy among adolescents and adults in Germany: findings from two representative samples.

Introduction: Depressive disorders constitute a significant public health challenge. Health literacy might be an important factor to consider in prevention strategies for depressive disorders, which is why this study aimed at exploring the association between depressive symptom levels and severity and health literacy, along with additional sociodemographic factors.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected from two large samples of adults ( = 3,011) and adolescents ( = 1,021) representative of the German-speaking population in Germany.

Seroprevalence of spp. and Rift Valley fever virus infections in communal pastoral cattle at the wildlife-livestock interface, Zambezi region, Namibia.

Introduction: Brucellosis and Rift Valley fever (RVF) are neglected zoonotic diseases (NZD) that threaten public health, animal health, and production in resource-limited countries including Namibia.

Methods: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine spp. and RVFV seroprevalence in cattle at the wildlife-livestock interface in the Kabbe South constituency (Zambezi region) of Namibia.

Prediction of Olivine Composition Under Limited Calibration Inputs: Comparative Study of Mid-Infrared Reflection, Raman Scattering, and Laser-Induced Plasma Spectroscopies.

In situ optical analytical spectroscopies offer great geochemical insights due to their capability to resolve the chemical composition of regolith surfaces of rocky celestial bodies. The use of suitable calibration targets improves the precision of mineral determination, which is of critical importance for short-living, low-mobility landers, and enables, in special cases, determination of elemental composition. We investigate the capabilities of three space-relevant optical analytical techniques used for in situ mineralogical analysis, i.