Advances in imaging examination of bone density and bone quality.

Bone mineral density is the primary basis for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Bone mineral density measurement methods include dual-energy X-ray (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Based on traditional bone density detection equipment, the newly developed imaging detection technology can further detect the microstructures and geometric features of bones, providing important reference for exploring the pathophysiological changes, sensitive clinical diagnosis, and disease monitoring of osteoporosis.

Endovascular Treatment of Mirror Aneurysms in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients: Single Stage or Multiple Stage?

Objective: The study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of single-stage versus multistage endovascular treatment in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with Mirror Aneurysms.

Materials And Methods: Our research team performed a prospective study, focusing on the radiographic and clinical data of patients diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage, specifically those who presented with Mirror Aneurysms upon admission to our institutions. According to the different endovascular treatment stages, these patients were grouped into the multistage cohort and the single-stage cohort.

Effect of oral metformin on gut microbiota characteristics and metabolite fractions in normal-weight type 2 diabetic mellitus patients.

Background And Aims: To analyze the effect of oral metformin on changes in gut microbiota characteristics and metabolite composition in normal weight type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods: T2DM patients in the cross-sectional study were given metformin for 12 weeks. Patients with unmedicated T2DM were used as a control group to observe the metrics of T2DM patients treated with metformin regimen.

Improving dermal fibroblast-to-epidermis communications and aging wound repair through extracellular vesicle-mediated delivery of Gstm2 mRNA.

Skin aging is characterized by the disruption of skin homeostasis and impaired skin injury repair. Treatment of aging skin has long been limited by the unclear intervention targets and delivery techniques. Engineering extracellular vesicles (EVs) as an upgraded version of natural EVs holds great potential in regenerative medicine.

Care, control and complications of hospitalised patients with type 1 diabetes in China: A nationwide-based registry study.

Aims: To evaluate the status quo of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management and characteristics of hospitalised patients with T1D in China through a nationwide multicentre registry study, the China Diabetes Type 1 Study (CD1S).

Materials And Methods: Clinical data from the electronic hospital records of all people with T1D were retrospectively collected in 13 tertiary hospitals across 7 regions of China from January 2016 to December 2021. Patients were defined as newly diagnosed who received a diagnosis of diabetes for less than 3 months.

Mechanism of miR-98-5p in gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the USP44/CTCFL axis.

Objectives: Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading digestive malignancy with high incidence and mortality rate. microRNAs (miRs) play an important role in GC progresssion. This study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-98-5p on proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells.

The effect of metformin combined with liraglutide on gut microbiota of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Metformin (MET) is a first-line therapy for type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Liraglutide (LRG) is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist used as a second-line therapy in combination with MET.

Methods: We performed a longitudinal analysis comparing the gut microbiota of overweight and/or pre-diabetic participants (NCP group) with that of each following their progression to T2DM diagnosis (UNT group) using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of fecal bacteria samples.

The Proportion of Circulating CD45RO+CD8+ T Cells is Associated with the Coronary Slow Flow.

Background: Circulating memory CD8+ T cells have been shown to be a crucial mediator of chronic inflammation. This study investigated whether the baseline proportion of circulating CD45RO+CD8+ T cells was associated with the coronary slow flow (CSF) phenomenon.

Methods: A total of 160 consecutive patients [mean (standard deviation (SD)) age, 67.

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults and Metabolic Syndrome-A Mini Review.

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a heterogeneous subtype of diabetes characterized by islet cell destruction mediated by islet autoimmunity and insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a state in which many risk factors for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases accumulate in an individual. Based on clinical data, this review covers the prevalence of MetS in LADA, focusing on the risk associated with and the role of insulin resistance in the development of LADA from the perspective of inflammatory factors, environmental factors, and the gut microbiota, aiming to improve our understanding of this condition.

Plasma periostin as a biomarker of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: Periostin, as an emerging biomarker, is involved in multiple steps in bone metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between periostin levels and bone mineral density as well as bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that included 164 postmenopausal women with T2DM as study subjects and 32 age-matched nondiabetic postmenopausal women with normal bone mineral density (BMD) as healthy control subjects.

MicroRNA-21 promotes proliferation in acute myeloid leukemia by targeting Krüppel-like factor 5.

Abnormal expression of microRNA (miR)-21 has been reported in various types of cancers. However, the role and mechanism of miR-21 remain to be elucidated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the present study, it was observed that miR-21 was upregulated and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) was downregulated in AML cells compared with normal bone marrow cells.

Association of PPARG Gene Polymorphisms Pro12Ala with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-analysis.

Background: Previous studies suggested that the single nucleotide polymorphisms of Pro12Ala located within the PPARG gene were significantly associated with the T2DM. Recently, the genetic studies on Pro12Ala were conducted in the different ethnic groups and the results of each study were shown to be inconsistent. Moreover, the systematic review has not been updated since 2000.

Molecular mechanisms of melatonin in the reversal of LPS-induced EMT in peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritoneal fibrosis is a serious complication in patients with chronic renal failure on dialysis maintenance. Studies have shown that patients on long‑term PD have chronic inflammation. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by inflammation is a major cause of peritoneal fibrosis and dysfunction.

TMPyP4-regulated cell proliferation and apoptosis through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in SW480 cells.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of the 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (TMPyP4) on the proliferation and apoptosis of SW480 cells and the underlying mechanisms by which TMPyP4 exerted its actions.

Methods: After treated with different doses of TMPyP4, cell viability was determined by MTT method, the apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry (FCM) and the expression of Wnt, GSK-3β, β-catenin and cyclinD1 was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.

Results: The analysis revealed that TMPyP4 potently suppressed cell viability and induced the apoptosis of SW480 cells in a dose-dependent manner.